Classification of journal surfaces using surface topography parameters and software methods to compensate for stylus geometry

Measurements made with a stylus surface tracer which provides a digitized representation of a surface profile are discussed. Parameters are defined to characterize the height (e.g., RMS roughness, skewness, and kurtosis) and length (e.g., autocorrelation) of the surface topography. These are applied to the characterization of crank shaft journals which were manufactured by different grinding and lopping procedures known to give significant differences in crank shaft bearing life. It was found that three parameters (RMS roughness, skewness, and kurtosis) are necessary to adequately distinguish the character of these surfaces. Every surface specimen has a set of values for these three parameters. They can be regarded as a set coordinate in a space constituted by three characteristics axes. The various journal surfaces can be classified along with the determination of a proper wavelength cutoff (0.25 mm) by using a method of separated subspace. The finite radius of the stylus used for profile tracing gives an inherent measurement error as it passes over the fine structure of the surface. A mathematical model is derived to compensate for this error

Remote sensing applications to resource problems in South Dakota

Cooperative projects between RSI and numerous South Dakota agencies have provided a means of incorporating remote sensing techniques into operational programs. Eight projects discussed in detail are: (1) detection of high moisture zones near interstate 90; (2) thermal infrared census of Canada geese in South Dakota; (3) dutch elm disease detection in urban environment; (4) a feasibility study for monitoring effective precipitation in South Dakota using TIROS-N; (5) open and abandoned dump sites in Spink county; (6) the influence of soil reflectance on LANDSAT signatures of crops; (7) A model implementation program for Lake Herman watershed; and (8) the Six-Mile Creek investigation follow-on

COMPTEL solar flare observations

COMPTEL as part of a solar target of opportunity campaign observed the sun during the period of high solar activity from 7-15 Jun. 1991. Major flares were observed on 9 and 11 Jun. Although both flares were large GOES events (greater than or = X10), they were not extraordinary in terms of gamma-ray emission. Only the decay phase of the 15 Jun. flare was observed by COMPTEL. We report the preliminary analysis of data from these flares, including the first spectroscopic measurement of solar flare neutrons. The deuterium formation line at 2.223 MeV was present in both events and for at least the 9 Jun. event, was comparable to the flux in the nuclear line region of 4-8 MeV, consistent with Solar-Maximum Mission (SSM) Observations. A clear neutron signal was present in the flare of 9 Jun. with the spectrum extending up to 80 MeV and consistent in time with the emission of gamma-rays, confirming the utility of COMPTEL in measuring the solar neutron flux at low energies. The neutron flux below 100 MeV appears to be lower than that of the 3 Jun. 1982 flare by more than an order of magnitude. The neutron signal of the 11 Jun. event is under study. Severe dead time effects resulting from the intense thermal x-rays require significant corrections to the measured flux which increase the magnitude of the associated systematic uncertainties

Remote sensing applications to resource problems in South Dakota

The author has identified the following significant results. Change in the vegetative structure was taking place in the Black Hills. Temporal analysis of the areal extent of open meadows was accomplished using black and white and color infrared aerial photography. A reduction of nearly 1100 hectares of open meadows was determined using photointerpretation. Techniques were developed for the management of meandering lakes, including use of LANDSAT imagery for continuous monitoring, classification of hydrophytes on low altitude CIR imagery, and planning and evaluation of improvements and multiple uses on aerial photography and photo mosaics. LANDSAT data were analyzed statistically from small and entire study scene areas to determine the effect of soils stratifications of corn signatures. Band 5 early season and band 7 later season recorded the strongest evidence of the influence of soils on corn signatures. Significant strata were determined by a multiple range test

Escape Behavior of Quantum Two-Particle Systems with Coulomb Interactions

Quantum escapes of two particles with Coulomb interactions from a confined one-dimensional region to a semi-infinite lead are discussed by the probability of particles remaining in the confined region, i.e. the survival probability, in comparison with one or two free particles. For free-particle systems the survival probability decays asymptotically in power as a function of time. On the other hand, for two-particle systems with Coulomb interactions it shows an exponential decay in time. A difference of escape behaviors between Bosons and Fermions is considered as quantum effects of identical two particles such as the Pauli exclusion principle. The exponential decay in the survival probability of interacting two particles is also discussed in a viewpoint of quantum chaos based on a distribution of energy level spacings.Comment: 10 pages, 7 figure

Intracranial oligodendroglioma with optic nerve infiltration in a Labrador retriever

A seven-year-old neutered male Labrador retriever was presented with behavioral changes and reduced vision. Neurological examination revealed blindness of the left eye with a positive pupillary light reflex and a decreased mental status. Blood and cerebrospinal fluid analyses showed no abnormalities. MRI revealed a deviant area located in the thalamic, hypothalamic and caudate nuclear regions. Invasion of the left optic nerve was also observed. The dog was euthanized after 38 days of palliative treatment. Necropsy showed a non-encapsulated extruding white lardaceous mass, with a diameter of 2 cm, in the white matter, located in the ventral thalamic region near the chiasma opticum, which extended along the left optic nerve. Histologically, neoplastic cells had a “fried egg” appearance. Immunolabelling for glial fibrillary acidic protein demonstrated the presence of numerous reactive astrocytes. The tumor was diagnosed as a low grade (II) intracranial oligodendroglioma with infiltration of the optic nerve.</jats:p

Young people, inequality and violence during the COVID-19 lockdown in Uganda

This working paper reports findings from a qualitative study on how response measures during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in Uganda have affected the lives of adolescent young people. The study was conducted as part of a broader research project: Contexts of Violence in Adolescence Cohort Study (CoVAC), with data collected through mobile phone interviews in May-June 2020 with 18 girls and 16 boys (mainly aged 16-19 years) who have been participants in our longitudinal study. The data are contextualized within longitudinal biographical narratives of these young people that have been developed since 2018 and which helped us to illuminate the significance of the crisis in their everyday lives. The analysis shows how effects on young people of the lockdown varied according to gender, location, mobility and socio-economic background, amplifying inequalities and creating the conditions for multiple forms of violence

Quantized circular motion of a trapped Bose-Einstein condensate: coherent rotation and vortices

We study the creation of vortex states in a trapped Bose-Einstein condensate by a rotating force. For a harmonic trapping potential the rotating force induces only a circular motion of the whole condensate around the trap center which does not depend on the interatomic interaction. For the creation of a pure vortex state it is necessary to confine the atoms in an anharmonic trapping potential. The efficiency of the creation can be greatly enhanced by a sinusodial variation of the force's angular velocity. We present analytical and numerical calculations for the case of a quartic trapping potential. The physical mechanism behind the requirement of an anharmonic trapping potential for the creation of pure vortex states is explained. [Changes: new numerical and analytical results are added and the representation is improved.]Comment: 13 Pages, 5 Figures, RevTe

Time-of-Day Dictates Transcriptional Inflammatory Responses to Cytotoxic Chemotherapy

Many cytotoxic chemotherapeutics elicit a proinflammatory response which is often associated with chemotherapy-induced behavioral alterations. The immune system is under circadian influence; time-of-day may alter inflammatory responses to chemotherapeutics. We tested this hypothesis by administering cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin (Cyclo/Dox), a common treatment for breast cancer, to female BALB/c mice near the beginning of the light or dark phase. Mice were injected intravenously with Cyclo/Dox or the vehicle two hours after lights on (zeitgeber time (ZT2), or two hours after lights off (ZT14). Tissue was collected 1, 3, 9, and 24 hours later. Mice injected with Cyclo/Dox at ZT2 lost more body mass than mice injected at ZT14. Cyclo/Dox injected at ZT2 increased the expression of several pro-inflammatory genes within the spleen; this was not evident among mice treated at ZT14. Transcription of enzymes within the liver responsible for converting Cyclo/Dox into their toxic metabolites increased among mice injected at ZT2; furthermore, transcription of these enzymes correlated with splenic pro-inflammatory gene expression when treatment occurred at ZT2 but not ZT14. The pattern was reversed in the brain; pro-inflammatory gene expression increased among mice injected at ZT14. These data suggest that inflammatory responses to chemotherapy depend on time-of-day and are tissue specific