Studi Eksperimental Perkuatan Geser Balok Beton Bertulang Dengan Gfrp (Glassn Fiber Reinforced Polymer)

Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) merupakan material yang sangat menjanjikan untuk digunakan dalam perkuatan struktur beton bertulang. Material ini merupakan pilihan yang sangat baik untuk digunakan sebagai perkuatan eksternal karena berat yang ringan, tahan korosi, dan kekuatan yang tinggi.Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) dapat memberikan kontribusi kekuatan geser pada balok. Peningkatan kekuatan Benda uji berupa lima buah balok beton bertulang. Benda uji pertama (BP) tidak diberi perkuatan geser, benda uji kedua (BP1) diberi perkuatan geser berupa penambahan sengkang pada salah satu sisi tumpuan saja. Benda uji ketiga (BP-FRPC) diberi perkuatan geser dengan GFRP yang dipasang menerus pada area dekat tumpuan yang diperlemah. Benda uji keempat (BP1-FRP3) diberi perkuatan geser dengan GFRP yang dipasang tidak menerus dengan 3 strips pada area dekat tumpuan yang diperlemah. Benda uji keempat (BP1-FRP5) diberi perkuatan geser dengan GFRP yang dipasang tidak menerus dengan 5 strips pada area dekat tumpuan yang diperlemah. Metode penelitan dan perhitungan berdasarkan ACI Comitte Report 440.Berdasarkan penelitian, peningkatan beban maksimum dari balok BP1 sebesar 14,46% pada balok BP1-FRP3 dan 20,13% pada balok BP1-FRP5. Penurunan kapasitas geser terjadi pada balok BP yang diperkuat (BP-FRPC). Hal itu diakibatkan penurunan mutu beton pada BP-FRPC akibat kesalahan didalam prosedur pelaksanaanpencampuranmix design. Peningkatan kekakuan dan deformasi balok terjadi pada balok BP1-FRP3 dan BP1-FRP5 yang berbanding lurus dengan peningkatan kapasitas gesernya

Ankyloblepharon filiforme adnatum: a case report

Ankyloblepharon is defined by partial or complete adhesion of the ciliary edges of superior and inferior eyelids. It is usually a sporadic isolated malformation in which the upper and lower lids are joined by tags. Although it is an uncommon and benign condition, its presence should alert the clinician to the possibility of other important disorders. We report a case of a new born who had a sporadic ankyloblepharon, treated one day after birth.Key words: Ankyloblepharon filiforme adnatum, malformation, eye

Food consumption patterns of female undergraduate students in the United Arab Emirates

BACKGROUND: Studies on food intake in the UAE especially in relation to the student life are lacking. OBJECTIVE: To investigate eating habits of undergraduate students. METHODS: A cohort of 146 undergraduate students studying Physiology at Zayed University completed a semi-structured questionnaire. A student response was accepted for analysis only those weeks with adequate responses not more than six. RESULTS: The mean student age was 19.28 (1.22) years with a minimum-maximum 18-23 years. The mean weight was 56.67(13.31) with a minimum-maximum of 40-89 kg. Of 1,250 United Arab Emirates Dirham; 10 indicated they worked but did not specify income; and three were married. More foods were consumed seven times in a week. Amongst the principal foods consumed were: bread, cereal, starch; white bread, cornflakes and rice; fruits - apple, banana and orange; vegetables - cucumber, tomato and lettuce; meat - fish, chicken and beef; and eggs and dairy - (milk, cheese and yoghurt). CONCLUSION: Dubai female undergraduates have a height intake of milk and fruits and less fanciful breads. Further studies should measure the exact quantity/mass of foods consumed per week

Impact du zooplancton métazoaire sur le phytoplancton et les protozoaires ciliés dans le réservoir Sahela (Maroc)

L'impact du zooplancton métazoaire sur le phytoplancton et les protozoaires ciliés a été mesuré durant la période de juillet à décembre 1999 dans le réservoir Sahela sous climat méditerranéen semi-aride.Les expériences ont été réalisées à l'aide de chambres de diffusion immergées in situ pendant 7 heures en absence (chambres témoins) et en présence (chambres expérimentales) du zooplancton.Les résultats indiquent que la mortalité moyenne à 4 m des algues est de 0,13 + 0,03 h-1, et celle des protozoaires ciliés de 0,07 + 0,03 h-1. Cryptomonas ovata et Halteria grandinella ont subi la plus forte prédation, respectivement, 0,31 + 0,14 h-1 et 0,11 + 0,04 h-1 à 4 m. Toutefois, les algues de grande taille (Pediastrum sp, Ceratium hirundinella et Peridinium cinctum) n'ont été que très peu ou pas consommées.The Sahela reservoir, located in Taounate at 90 km from Fès, lying at an altitude of 325 m, was built to provide drinking water for the population of Taounate and to contribute to irrigate neighbouring farming perimeters.In order to assess the impact of metazoan zooplankton on phytoplankton and protozoan ciliates in the Sahela reservoir under semi-arid climate, we conducted experiments during the period from July to December 1999 at the deepest point in the lake (15 m).Sampling and measurements were carried out in diffusion chambers submerged in situ over a period of 7 h without (control chambers) and with (experimental chambers) zooplankton. During these experiments, counts were conducted on phytoplankton and ciliates to determine the abundance and the mortality of these organisms due to zooplankton in each diffusion chambers at t=0 and t=7 h incubation. The metazooplankton were counted and dry weight of each taxa was calculated.In summer the highest zooplankton biomass (150 µg·L-1) mainly composed of cyclopoid Tropocyclops prasinus, caused mortality of the small-sized ciliates, such as Halteria grandinella (0.10 h-1). In Autumn, the zooplankton biomass (75 µg·l-1), dominated by Daphnia longispina, induced a higher mortality for phytoplankton (0.10 h-1) than for ciliates (0.05 h-1). In Winter, the zooplankton biomass (100 µg·L-1), also represented by Daphnia longispina, had a low impact on ciliate mortality (< 0.02 h-1).The study showed that a heavy predation by the metazoan zooplankton was exerted on small-sized phytoplankton and ciliates and clearly demonstrated the relationships between protozoans and metazoan zooplankton to transfering the matter and energy in aquatic food webs

EFFICIENCY OF ULTRAFILTRATION CERAMIC MEMBRANES FOR TOXIC ELEMENTS REMOVAL FROM WASTEWATERS

The preparation and characterization of porous ceramics multilayer ultrafiltration membrane is described. The first step consisted to prepare high-quality macroporous support in Moroccan clay. The choice of this material is based on its natural abundance and thermal stability.The microporous interlayer was then prepared by slip casting from zirconia commercial powders and finally the active UF toplayers was obtained by sol-gel route using ZnAl2O4 and TiO2 mixed sols. The performance of ultrafiltration membrane (TiO2 (50�20– ZnAl2O4 (50� was evaluated by pores diameter, water flux, thickness and molecular weight cut off (MWCO). The water permeability measured for this composite membrane is 9.42 L/(m2•h•bar), the thickness is less than 700 nm, the pore diameter is centered near 5 nm and the MWCO was about 4500 Da

Rupture post traumatique de la membrane de Bruch: à propos d’un cas

Une contusion du globe peut se compliquer de rupture de la membrane de Bruch ou de la choroïde. Cette complication est observée dans 5 à 10% des cas avec une nette prédominance masculine. Nous rapportons l'observation clinique d'un patient de 26 ans, victime d'un traumatisme contusif sévère de l'oeil gauche chez qui l'examen retrouve une rupture de la membrane de bruch au fond d'oeil ; l'evolution spontanné a été marquée parune amélioration visuelle sans complications néovasculaires. Au cours des ruptures post traumatiques de la membrane de bruch le pronostic est essentiellement lié d'une part à sa localisation par rapport à la macula; et d'autre part à la survenue de complications néovasculaires (15 à 30 %des cas)

Quantum Critical Point in the Spin Glass-Kondo Transition in Heavy Fermion Systems

The Kondo-Spin Glass competition is studied in a theoretical model of a Kondo lattice with an intra-site Kondo type exchange interaction treated within the mean field approximation, an inter-site quantum Ising exchange interaction with random couplings among localized spins and an additional transverse field in the x direction, which represents a simple quantum mechanism of spin flipping. We obtain two second order transition lines from the spin-glass state to the paramagnetic one and then to the Kondo state. For a reasonable set of the different parameters, the two second order transition lines do not intersect and end in two distinct QCP.Comment: 20 pages; 1 figure; to appear in Physical Review

Mediat. Inflamm.

There is increasing evidence that proteasomes have a biological role in the extracellular alveolar space, but inflammation could change their composition. We tested whether immunoproteasome protein-containing subpopulations are present in the alveolar space of patients with lung inflammation evoking the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) supernatants and cell pellet lysate from ARDS patients (n = 28) and healthy subjects (n = 10) were analyzed for the presence of immunoproteasome proteins (LMP2 and LMP7) and proteasome subtypes by western blot, chromatographic purification, and 2D-dimensional gelelectrophoresis. In all ARDS patients but not in healthy subjects LMP7 and LMP2 were observed in BAL supernatants. Proteasomes purified from pooled ARDS BAL supernatant showed an altered enzyme activity ratio. Chromatography revealed a distinct pattern with 7 proteasome subtype peaks in BAL supernatant of ARDS patients that differed from healthy subjects. Total proteasome concentration in BAL supernatant was increased in ARDS (971 ng/mL perpendicular to 1116 versus 59 perpendicular to 25; P < 0.001), and all fluorogenic substrates were hydrolyzed, albeit to a lesser extent, with inhibition by epoxomicin (P = 0.0001). Thus, we identified for the first time immunoproteasome proteins and a distinct proteasomal subtype pattern in the alveolar space of ARDS patients, presumably in response to inflammation

Evidence of collaborative opportunities to ensure long-term sustainability in African farming

Farmers face the challenge of increasing production to feed a growing population and support livelihoods, whilst also improving the sustainability and resilience of cropping systems. Understanding the key factors that influence farming management practices is crucial for determining farmers’ adaptive capacity and willingness to engage in cooperative strategies. To that end, we investigated management practices that farmers adopt and the factors underlying farmers’ decision-making. We also aimed to identify the constraints that impede the adoption of strategies perceived to increase farming resilience and to explore how the acceleration of technology adoption through cooperation could ensure the long-term sustainability of farming. Surveys were distributed to farming stakeholders and professionals who worked across the contrasting environments of Morocco. We used descriptive statistics and analysis by log-linear modelling to predict the importance of factors influencing farmers’ decision- making. The results show that influencing factors tended to cluster around environmental pressures, crop characteristics and water availability with social drivers playing a lesser role. Subsidies were also found to be an important factor in decision-making. Farming stakeholders generally believed that collaborative networks are likely to facilitate the adoption of sustainable agricultural practices. We conclude that farmers need both eco- nomic incentives and technical support to enhance their adaptive capacity as this can lessen the socioeconomic vulnerability inherent in arid and semi-arid regions

Variétés Chifaa et Bounejmate : Caractérisation et Etude de leur effet sur la structure alvéolaire du pain par analyse d’image numérique

The alveolar structure of bread products is one of the factors that the bakery industry seeks to control. The objective of this work is to elucidate the effect of this parameter through the evaluation of the alveolar structure of bread by image analysis. The naked barley variety "Chifaà" and the naked oat variety "Bounejmate" were used for this purpose. The work consists on the characterisation of the physical and chemical criteria regarding these two varieties followed by the constitution of mixtures from a commercial flour of soft wheat and complete flours of barley and oat, respectively, as follows: (100% wheat), (barley or oats/wheat) : (10/90), (20/80) and (30/70). Seven loaves of bread (6 mixed loaves and the control loaf) were made using a bread machine. Slices of the obtained loaves were then analysed by image analysis for the following criteria (crumb development, total area of the alveoli, % alveoli in the crumb, number of alveoli). The results showed variability in the composition of the studied varieties. The variety "Chifaà" is marked by a high content of β-glucan (7.9%) and the variety "Bounejmate" is marked by a high content of protein (17.6%) and fat (10.4%). The addition of oat induced a 44.7% decrease in crumb development from 10% addition, whereas barley showed a similar effect at 30% addition. Moreover, barley at 30% addition had more negative effect on the crumb alveoli which decrease until disappearance of the majority.La structure alvéolaire des produits de panification constitue un des facteurs que la profession cherche à maitriser. L’objectif de ce travail est d’élucider l’effet de cet ajout à travers l’évaluation de la structure alvéolaire du pain par analyse d’image. La variété d’orge à grains nus « Chifaa » et la variété d’avoine à grains nus « Bounejmate » ont été utilisées à cet effet. Le travail consiste à une caractérisation des critères physico-chimiques des deux variétés suivi de la constitution des mélanges à partir d’une farine commerciale de blé tendre et des farines complètes d’orge et d’avoine, respectivement, comme suit ; (100% blé), (orge ou avoine/blé) : (10/90), (20/80) et (30/70). Sept pains (6 pains mélanges et le pain contrôle) ont été fabriqués à l’aide d’une machine à pain. Des tranches des pains obtenus ont subies par la suite une analyse d’image pour les critères suivants (développement de la mie, aire total des alvéoles, % d’alvéoles dans la mie, nombre d’alvéoles). Les résultats ont montré une variabilité dans la composition des variétés utilisées, en effet la variété « Chifaa» est marquée par une forte teneur en β-glucane (7,9%) et la variété « Bounejmate » est marquée par une forte teneur en protéine (17,6%) et en lipides (10,4%). L’ajout d’avoine a induit une diminution de 44.7% du développement de la mie à partir de 10% d’ajout alors que l’orge n’a montré un effet similaire qu’à partir de 30% d’ajout. En outre, l’orge à 30% d’ajout a montré plus d’effet négatif sur les alvéoles de la mie qui diminuent jusqu’à disparition de la majorité