Upaya Pengembangan Agroforestry sebagai Langkah Pengamanan Peyangga Hutan di Kabupaten Pidie Jaya

. This research was aimed to : analyze Agrpforestry policy and effect of community social economic factors in conducting agroforestry consenssionin Pidie Jaya District. The research uses survey method with Multi Stage Cluster Sampling. The research was carried out in Pidie Jaya District right in Bandar Baru,Trienggadeng, and Pante Raja Sub-districts. The research result revealed that police of agroforestry does include the local community. The obstacle in agroforestry policy such as unjustice of policy more emphasized of economic factor, assumption of forest is public matter, consention authority still be handled by central government, and anthropocentrism attitude on forest. Policy directive of agroforestty consenssion in Pidie Jaya District can be done by establishing area of cacao and havea plantation in buffer zone, and also giving conservation concession to broken forest, critical, and degradated. Factors that correlated very tight to forest degradation are law enforcement cultivation land wide, residence status, and security condition

2D-3D registration of CT vertebra volume to fluoroscopy projection: A calibration model assessment (doi:10.1155/2010/806094)

This study extends a previous research concerning intervertebral motion registration by means of 2D dynamic fluoroscopy to obtain a more comprehensive 3D description of vertebral kinematics. The problem of estimating the 3D rigid pose of a CT volume of a vertebra from its 2D X-ray fluoroscopy projection is addressed. 2D-3D registration is obtained maximising a measure of similarity between Digitally Reconstructed Radiographs (obtained from the CT volume) and real fluoroscopic projection. X-ray energy correction was performed. To assess the method a calibration model was realised a sheep dry vertebra was rigidly fixed to a frame of reference including metallic markers. Accurate measurement of 3D orientation was obtained via single-camera calibration of the markers and held as true 3D vertebra position; then, vertebra 3D pose was estimated and results compared. Error analysis revealed accuracy of the order of 0.1 degree for the rotation angles of about 1?mm for displacements parallel to the fluoroscopic plane, and of order of 10?mm for the orthogonal displacement.<br/

Strategi Pengembangan Kluster Perkebunan Kopi dan Tebu untuk Pengembangan Ekonomi Kabupaten Aceh Tengah

. The purpose of this stady is not indentifiying the cluster and economic strategic development cluster for economic growth supported at Aceh Tengah residence. The study conducted in the Aceh Tengah residence using direct primary data and secondary data. Primary data collection was based of observasing through the objective of stady. Secondary data was taken from literature study and the data from similar institution like Dinas Badan Pusat Statistik Aceh Tengah which has correlation with this study. Analysis that used in this study is the analysis that using Location Quotient (LQ) technical and SWOT analysis. The result of this study show based on Location Quotient (LQ) analysis tekhnical, could identified the comodities that has value LQ>1 showed production Existing Condition and Coffe Development Potencial in Linge district, Atu Lintang, Jagong Jeget, Bintang, Lut Tawar, Kebayakan, Pegasing, Bies, Bebesan, Kute Pinang, Silih Nara, Celala, Rusip Antara, while sugar cane just in Ketol District as a strategic comodities for advance development at Aceh Tengah residence. Meanwhile the strategic position of coffee and sugar cane investors placed at aggressive strategic position which supported investors policy, this strategy could be used if the investors has chances and strengths until they could used it coith the strengtht they have, bicause both of it has different value that cunted as positive such about 1,34 and 1,31

Chemical abundances in the nucleus of the Sagittarius dwarf spheroidal galaxy

We present Iron, Magnesium, Calcium, and Titanium abundances for 235 stars in the central region of the Sagittarius dwarf spheroidal galaxy (within 9.0 arcmin ~70 pc from the center) from medium-resolution Keck/DEIMOS spectra. All the considered stars belong to the massive globular cluster M54 or to the central nucleus of the galaxy (Sgr,N). In particular we provide abundances for 109 stars with [Fe/H] > -1.0, more than doubling the available sample of spectroscopic metallicity and alpha-elements abundance estimates for Sgr dSph stars in this metallicity regime. Also, we find the first confirmed member of the Sagittarius dwarf spheroidal with [Fe/H]< -2.0 based on analysis of iron lines. We find for the first time a metallicity gradient in the Sgr,N population, whose peak iron abundance goes from [Fe/H]=-0.38 for R < 2.5 arcmin to [Fe/H]=-0.57 for 5.0 < R < 9.0 arcmin. On the other hand the trends of [Mg/Fe], [Ca/Fe], and [Ti/Fe] with [Fe/H] are the same over the entire region explored by our study. We reproduce the observed chemical patterns of the Sagittarius dwarf spheroidal as a whole with a chemical evolution model implying a high mass progenitor ( M_(DM)=6 X 10^{10} Msun ) and a significant event of mass-stripping occurred a few Gyr ago, presumably starting at the first peri-Galactic passage after infall.Comment: Accepted for publication to A&A, 12 pages, 14 figures, 1 tabl

Analisis Rantai Nilai dan Nilai Tambah Kakao Petani di Kecamatan Paya Bakong dan Geurudong Pase Kabupaten Aceh Utara

. The purpose of the study was to determine how the cocoa value chain and add value to the cocoa economy in the supply chain and the Paya Bakong subdistrict, North Aceh District Geurudong Pase. The study population was farmers who joined in cocoa development program by Action Aid and Keumang Foundation 2010-2012, the analysis used is Economic Value Added. The results of the study describes the average cost of production and revenue cocoa plant age 8-9 years is Rp. 2.609 million, - and Rp. 8.228 million, - per hectare per year, with the R / C ratio of 3,05. The average cost per year for the production and revenue of plant age 12-13 years\u27 worth Rp 2.827.182,- per hectare with the R / C ratio of 3,96. Value chain that forms at the site of research involving farmers (chain 1), cooperatives, traders or peddlers village, a large village traders (chain 2), secondary cooperatives, districts traders/wholesaler (chain 3), provincial wholesalers / exporters (chain 4) , as well as the industry at home and abroad (chain 5). Value chain created by the farmers - exporters are changes in the value of cocoa into quality classes I, II, III (SNI 01-2323-2000) industry demand. Analysis of Economic Value Added (EVA), Farmers plant age 8-9 years at 3,11 percent, and farmers plant age level 12-13 years gained 3,85 percent. Level of 3,86 percent trader agent, village wholesaler 7,20 percent, district level and wholesalers 5,75 percent. Cooperative farmers obtain the net value added 2,08 percent of each transaction cycle

How to Find More Supernovae with Less Work: Object Classification Techniques for Difference Imaging

We present the results of applying new object classification techniques to difference images in the context of the Nearby Supernova Factory supernova search. Most current supernova searches subtract reference images from new images, identify objects in these difference images, and apply simple threshold cuts on parameters such as statistical significance, shape, and motion to reject objects such as cosmic rays, asteroids, and subtraction artifacts. Although most static objects subtract cleanly, even a very low false positive detection rate can lead to hundreds of non-supernova candidates which must be vetted by human inspection before triggering additional followup. In comparison to simple threshold cuts, more sophisticated methods such as Boosted Decision Trees, Random Forests, and Support Vector Machines provide dramatically better object discrimination. At the Nearby Supernova Factory, we reduced the number of non-supernova candidates by a factor of 10 while increasing our supernova identification efficiency. Methods such as these will be crucial for maintaining a reasonable false positive rate in the automated transient alert pipelines of upcoming projects such as PanSTARRS and LSST.Comment: 25 pages; 6 figures; submitted to Ap

Orchestrating Forest Policy in Italy: Mission Impossible?

In the Italian political and economic agenda the forest sector occupies a marginal role. The forest sector in Italy is characterized by a high institutional fragmentation and centralized decision-making processes dominated by Public Forest Administrations. Public participation in forest policy processes has been implemented since the 1990s at national, regional and local levels in several cases. However, today no significant changes have been observed in the overall governance of the forest sector and stakeholders' involvement in Italian forest policy decision-making is still rather limited. The aims of this paper are to describe the state of forest-related participatory processes in Italy at various levels (national, regional and local) and identify which factors and actors hinder or support the establishment and implementation of participatory forest-related processes in the country. The forest-related participatory processes are analyzed adopting a qualitative-based approach and interpreting interactive, complex and non-linear participatory processes through the lens of panarchy theory

Nonclassical Light in Interferometric Measurements

It is shown that the even and odd coherent light and other nonclassical states of light like superposition of coherent states with different phases may replace the squeezed light in interferometric gravitational wave detector to increase its sensitivity. (Contribution to the Second Workshop on Harmonic Oscillator, Cocoyoc, Mexico, March 1994)Comment: 8 pages,LATEX,preprint of Naples University, INFN-NA-IV-94/30,DSF-T-94/3