Multi-BD Symbiotic Radio-Aided 6G IoT Network: Energy Consumption Optimization with QoS Constraint Approach

The commensal symbiotic radio (CSR) system is proposed as a novel solution for connecting systems through green communication networks. This system enables us to establish secure, ubiquitous, and unlimited connectivity, which is a goal of 6G. The base station uses MIMO antennas to transmit its signal. Passive IoT devices, called symbiotic backscatter devices (SBDs), receive the signal and use it to charge their power supply. When the SBDs have data to transmit, they modulate the information onto the received ambient RF signal and send it to the symbiotic user equipment, which is a typical active device. The main purpose is to enhance energy efficiency in this network by minimizing energy consumption (EC) while ensuring the minimum required throughput for SBDs. To achieve this, we propose a new scheduling scheme called Timing-SR that optimally allocates resources to SBDs. The main optimization problem involves non-convex objective functions and constraints. To solve this, we use mathematical techniques and introduce a new approach called sequential quadratic and conic quadratic representation to relax and discipline the problem, leading to reducing its complexity and convergence time. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed approach outperforms other outlined schemes in reducing EC

3D Printed Sustainable Houses for Education

Global temperatures are rising. Anthropocentric climate change is upon us. Some have named this new era in which we find ourselves as the Anthropocene, wherein climate, environmental and earth conditions have been radically altered by human action. Considering these facts, that have been repeatedly proven by science (Steffen et al., 2015), the scramble to do something effective about climate change, and to adjust human inhabitation has begun in earnest. Governments have signed agreements to reduce emissions to net zero by 2050. Global agencies such as the United Nations have come up with plans to make a difference with respect to climate change in terms of planetary stewardship and global citizenship. Activists around the world have been mobilising to shift opinion and action on climate to accelerate the exit from wholesale fossil fuels. This report creates a new tactic and strategy with respect to making a difference to climate change and centralises the concept of ‘3D Printed Sustainable Houses for Education’ as a motor for change. The 3 parts of this report, though separate, are joined in the attempt to raise consciousness, insert purposeful knowledge, and evolve new pathways to tackle climate change. This report puts education in the middle of climate change action (Cole, 2021), because it is the next generation that will have to live with its consequences. Hence, given this significant rationale and motivation for students to study topics such as sustainability, experiment with new housing and lifestyle choices, and to work communally to bring down emissions, this report suggests that studying with 3D printed models and real sized houses provides an excellent basis for such activity. This report suggests that pedagogy in general should mobilise to tackle climate change, and this idea of ‘net zero-3D printing-education’ is put forward to do this. This report is future-driven, yet wholly connected to what is practical and what can be done today

Microbial and biochemical characteristics of fermented fish sausage from common carp (Cyprinus carpio) mince by application of Pediococcus pentasaceus at different incubation temperatures

Fermented sausage is a favorite kind of meat-product that has allocated great proportions of meat consumption in the world. For the first time in Iran in this study the production of Fermented sausage from minced meat of common carp was assessed by means of lactic acid bacteria at different incubating temperatures as 15, 25, and 35˚C. To prepare the fish sausage, common carp mince was grounded and mixed with NaCl (3%), glucose (3%) and lactic acid bacteria at 5 log CFU/g and afterward were incubated for 48 h. During the incubation of fish sausage, microbiological tests, moisture and protein content, and TVB-N were measured. According to the results, the higher temperature of 35˚C stimulated the rapid growth of lactic acid bacteria, resulting in a rapid decline in pH, and consequently suppressed the growth of pseudomonas, Micrococcaceae and Enterobacteriacea

Inhibitory of Newly Synthesized 3-BrPhOXTs on Corrosion of Stainless Steel in Acidic Medium

Newly synthesized 3-(3-bromophenyl)-2-imino-2,3-dihydrobenzo[d]oxazol-5-yl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate (3-BrPhOXTs) inhibitoRY effect on the corrosion of stainless steel L316 (SS) in sulfuric acid was investigated by means of potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). According to electrochemical results, excellent inhibiting properties for SS corrosion in sulfuric acid has been obtained. The adsorption of 3-BrPhOXTs onto the SS surface followed the Langmuir adsorption model with the free energy of adsorption DG0 ads of –8.94 kj mol–1.KEYWORDS: Organic inhibitor, adsorption, stainless steel, impedance

The effect of intra-wound vancomycin powder application in reducing surgical site infections after total hip arthroplasty

Post-operative total hip arthroplasty surgical wound infections are associated with substantial morbidity, mortality, and economic burden. Intra-wound vancomycin powder application may prevent infections after hip surgery. The objectives of this study is to answer the question as to whether the application of 2 gram intra-wound vancomycin powder In patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty, lead to reduced rates of postoperative surgical site infections or not? From April 2013, 125 patients had consent prior to their hip surgery. These 125 patients had total hip arthtoplasty by three different surgeons at Imam Hossein hospital. All patients received either 2 grams of IV Cefazolin one hour prior to the incision or 1 gram of IV Vancomycin one hour prior to the incision in patient with a Penicillin allergy. Near the end of the procedure, the wound was thoroughly irrigated with normal saline. for All patients befor surgical wound closure 2 gram of Vancomycin powder was poured into the wound. Postoperatively, patients continued on intravenous antibiotics for twenty-four hours. All patients underwent routine postoperative surgical care including physical therapy, routine radiographs, and routine managment of pain medications. Laboratory tests include Hb , BUN, Cr and electrolits were done before surgery and postoperatively after 48 hours and 7 days. All patients were discharged within the first 3 days after surgery and follow-up at weeks 2 and 4 and one year after surgery was performed. During the course of follow up that has ranged from one months to one year, sixteen of patients experienced surgical site infection. 10 patients were lost to follow up. No allergic reactions or adverse outcomes were reported from the use of 2 gram of Vancomycin powder prior to closure. Although intra-wound application of Vancomycin is known to minimize infections in spinal surgery little previous studies reported if Vancomycin application will reduce surgical site infection in hip surgeries. This study demonstrates that intra-wound application of Vancomycin reduces surgical site infection in total hip arthroplasty without any adverse complications

Comparing the therapeutic effect of local corticosteroid injections and laser in treating coccyx pains (sacrum)

Coccydynia (pain in the coccyx or tailbone) is a fairly common pain in the bottom of backbone that spreads towards sacrum and lower legs. Supportive treatments, such as corticosteroids, use of muscle relaxants and correction of body position can help relieve the pain. In recent years, the use of laser is introduced as an effective method to reduce backbone pain. The purpose of this study is to compare the effects of corticosteroids and laser in treating tailbone pains. 61 patients with tailbone pain referred to the orthopedic clinic of Rasul Akram Hospital were entered into the study and randomly divided into two groups of laser and local corticosteroid injection. The mean difference in pain score was compared in both groups at the beginning of the study, end of the second week and end of the second month to determine the response to treatment. Data were analyzed using SPSS software. Of the patients enrolled, 24 were males (37.6) and 37 were females. The mean age of subjects studied was 36.16 years old. The mean difference in pain scores at the beginning of the study and at the end of the second month in the group treated by laser and corticosteroid was 2.54 and 3.8, respectively, that this difference was also statistically significant (P: 0.019) Effect of corticosteroid injection for pain relief was better than laser. The study should be done in a longer timeframe

Phase field simulation of liquid filling on grooved surfaces for complete, partial, and pseudo-partial wetting cases

We develop and harness a phase field simulation method to study liquid filling on grooved surfaces. We consider both short-range and long-range liquid–solid interactions, with the latter including purely attractive and repulsive interactions as well as those with short-range attraction and long-range repulsion. This allows us to capture complete, partial, and pseudo-partial wetting states, demonstrating complex disjoining pressure profiles over the full range of possible contact angles as previously proposed in the literature. Applying the simulation method to study liquid filling on grooved surfaces, we compare the filling transition for the three different classes of wetting states as we vary the pressure difference between the liquid and gas phases. The filling and emptying transitions are reversible for the complete wetting case, while significant hysteresis is observed for the partial and pseudo-partial cases. In agreement with previous studies, we also show that the critical pressure for the filling transition follows the Kelvin equation for the complete and partial wetting scenarios. Finally, we find the filling transition can display a number of distinct morphological pathways for the pseudo-partial wetting cases, as we demonstrate here for varying groove dimensions

Marshall syndrome in children referred to specialist clinic of Imam Khomeini Hospital of Ilam, Iran, 2012

Periodic fever syndrome is a self-inflammatory disease. Since the disease is benign and self-limiting, the present study aimed to achieve a model to detect and differentiate it from other infectious diseases .In this study all children residing in Ilam who were suspected of Marshall Syndrome were examined. We chose a sample comprising children referred to Imam Hospital clinic of Ilam in 2012. Inclusion criteria consisted of more than three periods of fever without a source of infection, fever periods shorter than 5 days and repeated at intervals of about one month. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software 16. We used both of descriptive and inferential statistics, Kolmogrov smirnov, Chi-square. Significance level of P ≤ 0.05 was considered. The average of patients' age was 4.9 ± 1.8 months and their gender perception was 85.7 male and 14.3 female. In this study the average age of symptoms emergence was 48.33 ± 23.25 month. The average of fever periods in surveyed patients was 4.09 ± 0.88 days (minimum 3 days & maximum 5 days) and the intervals between fever periods was 40.23 ± 16.84 in average. The applied treatments in this study were Prednisolone and Ttonsillectomy. There was significant relationship between age and the symptoms (P<0.007). By having a true perception of Marshall Syndrome using diagnosis criteria, we could prevent uncontrolled prescription of antibiotics and their possible side effects, and it is a positive step towards reducing healthcare costs

Up-Regulation of Tmevpg1 and Rmrp LncRNA Levels in Splenocytes and Brain of Mouse with Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Background: Two long noncoding (lnc) RNAs, which have been recognized as Tmevpg1/Ifng-AS1/NeST and Rmrp play indispensable roles in the differentiation of TH1 and TH17, respectively. The aim of the present scientific study was to analyze the expression levels of the aforementioned lncRNAs in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) as an animal model for multiple sclerosis (MS).Materials and Methods: Initially, EAE was induced in C57BL/6 mice via immunization by using MOG peptide. The leukocyte infiltration rate and demyelination of neuronal axons were determined. Secondly, the expression levels of Tmevpg1, Rmrp, Tbx21, and Rorc were analyzed in the cultured splenocytes and brain lysates, by using Real-Time PCR assay; eventually, the levels of interferon-gamma and interleukin-17 evaluated by ELISA.Results: Gene expression analysis revealed that Rorc expression in the splenocytes of EAE mice in comparison to the controls was elevated; however, Tbx21 expression did not show any significant difference. Tmevpg1 and Rmrp levels increased in the splenocytes of EAE mice (4.48 times and 39.70 times, respectively, p = 0.0001). Besides, in the brain lysate, the entire genes that have been mentioned were higher than the controls (Tmevpg1: 3.35 times p = 0.02 and Rmrp 11.21 times, p = 0.0001).Conclusion: The marked up-regulation in Tmevpg1 and Rmrp transcripts suggested the essential roles of lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of EAE and multiple sclerosis indeed. Further investigations are necessary to evaluate the values of these lncRNAs as the target for the therapy or molecular marker for disease monitoring

Comparing the Intramedullary Nailing Method Versus Dynamic Hip Screw in Treatment of Unstable Intertrochanteric Fractures

INTRODUCTION: Dynamic Hip Screw fixation is currently considered as a standard treatment for pre-trochanteric fractures; however, due to the long-term hospitalization and some other complications, some researchers have proposed intramedullary nailing as the alternative surgical treatment. The aim of this study was to compare and examine the consequences of the using intramedullary nailing method versus Dynamic Hip Screw. METHODS: In this study 114 patients with unstable Intertrochanteric fracture refer to Rasoul Akram hospital during 2011 to 2013 has been selected. After reduction, fixation surgery with PFN nail (60 patients) and Dynamic Hip Screw (54 patients) has been performed. All patients were screen during surgery and six months after surgery and some parameters like, bleeding, union, as well as complications such as collapse, varus and medialization of the distal fragment were record and patients. RESULTS: About some parameters like cutting length, surgery duration, bleeding there were significant differences between two groups. In six months follow up period 2 patinas from nail and 8 patients from DHS group had non-union. Also from the point of radiologic and clinical parameters, like anterior thigh pain, cut out, medialization of the distal fragment, collapse of the neck, walking recovery and daily activities were significant between two groups. CONCLUSION: Due to the reduced hospital stay in intramedullary nailing method and the necessity of doing repeated surgery and applying intramedullary nailing when the patients are not treated with external fixation, the researchers recommend intramedullary nailing as the first option in treating such patients