Integrated coupled systems as biodegradability enhancement of textile wastewater by photo-fenton process

Photo-Fenton process was explored as photochemicalpre-treatment to enhance and improve the biodegradabilityand complete mineralization of a wastewater coming from a textile industry located in the east of Germany containing reactive dyes which was characterized as biorecalcitrant,non-biodegradable and refractory organic compounds.Wastewater treatment was carried out including a series of bench scale experiments, to identify optimum operating conditions for the treatment of textile wastewater at the end of the pipe effluent. The effect of operating parameters as: pH, irradiation time and initial concentrations of both H2O2 and Fe2+ on the photomineralization processes as a pretreatment step have been studied and the optimal conditions were found. Chemical oxygen demand (COD), total organic carbon (TOC) and colour removal are the parameters used to trace the experiments course.The color removal of the textile wastewater reached to above 100% within 30 min of photocatalytic treatment. The wastewater was completely degraded by a photo-Fenton treatment after 60 min irradiation time by using a 50 mg/L of Fe2+ catalyst concentration and the H2O2 concentration was 1000 mg/L and pH=3 at 25°C. At these optimum operating conditions % removal of TOC, COD and colour removal were 89, 95 and 100 respectively of photo-mineralization. The experimental results show that the ratio of BOD5/COD of the wastewater increased from original 0.09 up to 0.7 after 60 min. The result implies that photocatalytic oxidation enhanced the biodegradability of the dye-containing wastewater and therefore relationship between decolorization and biodegradability exists.When the color disappeared completely, the wastewaterbiodegraded normally and could be discharged for furthertreatment. The biodegradability tests also demonstratedthat photo-treated effluents within a short time of startingthe photo-Fenton process were biodegradable with a BOD5/COD ratio of 0.4 after 30 min of irradiation time.The experimental results demonstrate that it is possible tocombine photocatalysis with conventional biological treatmentfor the remedy of wastewater containing generally non-biodegradable azo dyes. The results of the present study revealed that the treated effluent by photo-Fenton process is complying with the environmental regulations for discharge of textile wastewater in Germany

Convertisseur d'équations LATEX2Ink

International audienceDans cet article nous présentons un outil de génération de formules mathématiques manuscrites en ligne à partir d'une chaîne LATEX. Ce générateur permettra facilement de fabriquer à partir d'un corpus de référence d'expressions mathématiques une base de données qui sera annotée automatiquement au niveau symbole. Ainsi, à partir d'une base de symboles isolés, nous pouvons produire de façon pseudo-synthétique une formule mathématique quelconque par un placement et un dimensionnement stochastiques 2D de ces éléments. Nous montrons l'intérêt de cet outil dans le cadre d'un projet visant à la conception d'une méthode adaptée à la reconnaissance et à l'interprétation d'expressions mathématiques en-ligne

Bis- and mono-substituted Chalcones exert anti-feedant and toxic effects on fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda

Spodoptera frugiperda is a highly polyphagous migratory lepidopteran pest species. It causes infestation in crops leading to the severe crop losses. Being a new invasive parasite, its susceptibility to insecticides needs to be explored; and therefore, there is an urgent need to develop the potent insecticides for the effective control of this insect pest. To attain the crop sustainability, the antifeedant, toxicity and nutritional effects on larvae of Spodoptera frugiperda were studied with six mono- and eight bis- substituted chalcones. The antifeedant activity was calculated when 50% of the larvae control ate 50% of the diet through the FR factor. Toxicity was assessed through larval, pupal mortality and the emergence of adults and nutritional effects with consumption rates (IC), growth (GR) and consumption efficiency (EIC). The bis-chalcones 6b, 6e, 6f and 6h caused lethal effect on S. frugiperda in the first larval stages, being 6b the most toxic (85%). Adults who survived showed malformations and decreased size, which led to death. The larvae fed with aggregate in the bis-chalcones diet: 6b, 6e and 6f had the highest percentage of intake and the poorest conversion of nutrient absorption (ECI), which suggests that the larva metabolizes food for energy and results in a decrease of growth and death in early stages. Bis-chalcones showed more toxicity than mono-chalcones and 6b causes the most toxic and dietary change.Fil: Priyanca Devi, Ahanthem. Mody University Of Science And Technology; IndiaFil: Alsulimani, Ahmad. Jazan University; Arabia SauditaFil: Ruiz Hidalgo, José. Universidad Nacional de Tucumán. Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia. Instituto de Química Orgánica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán; ArgentinaFil: Neske, Adriana. Mody University Of Science And Technology; IndiaFil: Sayyed, R. Z.. Psgvp Mandals Arts; IndiaFil: Hassan, Montaser. Taif University; Arabia SauditaFil: Ameta, Keshav Lalit. Mody University Of Science And Technology; IndiaFil: Elshazly, Hayam. Qassim University; Arabia Saudit

Secured tracking and tracing system based on blockchain technology

Tracking and tracing management is a system which require recording of product's related information associated with product movement, shipping, transition between location until the product reach its final destination. In this management, traceability is a critical element to be satisfied by the business processes. Tracking and tracing of product is important for many purposes from the time product start its order process, prepared, shipping, movement from one delivery stakeholder to other delivery stakeholder until the product reach its destination. This is where we found the effectiveness of technology that is called the blockchain that could increase the safety of all tracking management processes. The blockchain technology since it emerges has contributed to many wide ranges of applications from various fields where safety and trust are critical in the field business process. Through this research, we are willing to present the contribution which can be offered by blockchain that obviously can increase the safety such like other tracking technology such as the use of QR-code, RFID, man-to-man delivery and few others

Cyanobacteria—From the Oceans to the Potential Biotechnological and Biomedical Applications

Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic prokaryotic organisms which represent a significantsource of novel, bioactive, secondary metabolites, and they are also considered an abundant source ofbioactive compounds/drugs, such as dolastatin, cryptophycin 1, curacin toyocamycin, phytoalexin,cyanovirin-N and phycocyanin. Some of these compounds have displayed promising results insuccessful Phase I, II, III and IV clinical trials. Additionally, the cyanobacterial compounds applied tomedical research have demonstrated an exciting future with great potential to be developed into newmedicines. Most of these compounds have exhibited strong pharmacological activities, includingneurotoxicity, cytotoxicity and antiviral activity against HCMV, HSV-1, HHV-6 and HIV-1, so thesemetabolites could be promising candidates for COVID-19 treatment. Therefore, the effective large-scale production of natural marine products through synthesis is important for resolving the existingissues associated with chemical isolation, including small yields, and may be necessary to betterinvestigate their biological activities. Herein, we highlight the total synthesized and stereochemicaldeterminations of the cyanobacterial bioactive compounds. Furthermore, this review primarilyfocuses on the biotechnological applications of cyanobacteria, including applications as cosmetics,food supplements, and the nanobiotechnological applications of cyanobacterial bioactive compoundsin potential medicinal applications for various human diseases are discussed.Stockholm UniversityPeer Reviewe

Marine Cyanobacteria Compounds with Anticancer Properties: Implication of Apoptosis

Marine cyanobacteria have been proved to be an important source of potential anticancer drugs. Although several compounds were found to be cytotoxic to cancer cells in culture, the pathways by which cells are affected are still poorly elucidated. For some compounds, cancer cell death was attributed to an implication of apoptosis through morphological apoptotic features, implication of caspases and proteins of the Bcl-2 family, and other mechanisms such as interference with microtubules dynamics, cell cycle arrest and inhibition of proteases other than caspases

Visual Performance Fields: Frames of Reference

Performance in most visual discrimination tasks is better along the horizontal than the vertical meridian (Horizontal-Vertical Anisotropy, HVA), and along the lower than the upper vertical meridian (Vertical Meridian Asymmetry, VMA), with intermediate performance at intercardinal locations. As these inhomogeneities are prevalent throughout visual tasks, it is important to understand the perceptual consequences of dissociating spatial reference frames. In all studies of performance fields so far, allocentric environmental references and egocentric observer reference frames were aligned. Here we quantified the effects of manipulating head-centric and retinotopic coordinates on the shape of visual performance fields. When observers viewed briefly presented radial arrays of Gabors and discriminated the tilt of a target relative to homogeneously oriented distractors, performance fields shifted with head tilt (Experiment 1), and fixation (Experiment 2). These results show that performance fields shift in-line with egocentric referents, corresponding to the retinal location of the stimulus

The landscape of cognitive neuroscience: challenges, rewards, and new perspectives

No abstract available

Whole-genome sequencing reveals host factors underlying critical COVID-19

Critical COVID-19 is caused by immune-mediated inflammatory lung injury. Host genetic variation influences the development of illness requiring critical care1 or hospitalization2–4 after infection with SARS-CoV-2. The GenOMICC (Genetics of Mortality in Critical Care) study enables the comparison of genomes from individuals who are critically ill with those of population controls to find underlying disease mechanisms. Here we use whole-genome sequencing in 7,491 critically ill individuals compared with 48,400 controls to discover and replicate 23 independent variants that significantly predispose to critical COVID-19. We identify 16 new independent associations, including variants within genes that are involved in interferon signalling (IL10RB and PLSCR1), leucocyte differentiation (BCL11A) and blood-type antigen secretor status (FUT2). Using transcriptome-wide association and colocalization to infer the effect of gene expression on disease severity, we find evidence that implicates multiple genes—including reduced expression of a membrane flippase (ATP11A), and increased expression of a mucin (MUC1)—in critical disease. Mendelian randomization provides evidence in support of causal roles for myeloid cell adhesion molecules (SELE, ICAM5 and CD209) and the coagulation factor F8, all of which are potentially druggable targets. Our results are broadly consistent with a multi-component model of COVID-19 pathophysiology, in which at least two distinct mechanisms can predispose to life-threatening disease: failure to control viral replication; or an enhanced tendency towards pulmonary inflammation and intravascular coagulation. We show that comparison between cases of critical illness and population controls is highly efficient for the detection of therapeutically relevant mechanisms of disease