590 research outputs found
Musiikki kuuluu kaikille!:musiikki ja oppiminen eheyttÀvÀssÀ, laaja-alaisessa varhaiskasvatuksessa
TiivistelmÀ. Tutkielma perehtyy musiikkiin ja oppimiseen, eheyttÀvÀssÀ sekÀ laaja-alaisessa varhaiskasvatuksessa. Tutkielman tavoitteena on vastata kuvailevan kirjallisuuskatsauksen kautta tutkimuskysymykseen, millaisena musiikki ja oppiminen kuvataan varhaiskasvatuksen eheyttÀvÀssÀ, laaja-alaisessa toiminnassa? Tutkielmassa on kÀytetty lÀhteinÀ erilaisia tieteellisiÀ tutkimuksia, kirjallisuutta ja artikkeleita. Kirjallisuuden rinnalla tarkastellaan Varhaiskasvatussuunnitelman perusteet (2019) asiakirjaa. TÀnÀ pÀivÀnÀ myönteiset tunnekokemukset, oppimisen ilo ja uutta luova toiminta sekÀ yhteistyö ja vuorovaikutus nÀhdÀÀn oppimista edistÀvÀnÀ. Opetuksessa on myös uudella tavalla alettu kiinnittÀÀ huomiota lapsen ja nuoren oppimisen kysymyksiin ja musiikillisen oppimisen monitasoisuuteen.
Varhaiskasvatussuunnitelman perusteissa (2019) korostuu varhaiskasvatuksen pedagoginen toiminta kokonaisvaltaisena, lapsen oppimista, hyvinvointia ja laaja-alaista osaamista edistÀvÀnÀ toimintana. Lapsi hahmottaa maailmaa tutkimalla, ihmettelemÀllÀ ja kokonaisvaltaisesti havaintoja tekemÀllÀ. Kasvavan ja kehittyvÀn lapsen kokemukset ovat merkityksellisiÀ oppimiselle. Tutkielman tulosten mukaan musiikilla voidaan tukea ja rikastuttaa lapsen kielenkehitystÀ ja vieraan kielen oppista. Musiikilla voidaan sÀÀdellÀ myös lapsen vireystilaa. Aktiivisella musiikillisella toiminnalla voidaan kehittÀÀ tarkkaavaisuutta ja sen sÀÀtelyÀ. Musiikki vahvistaa minÀkuvaa ja tarjoaa tunteisiin sekÀ itseilmaisuun liittyviÀ merkityksiÀ. PitkÀkestoisella musiikkikasvatuksella voidaan tukea sosiaalisia tunteita, kuten empatiataidoin kehittymistÀ. Musiikki toimii myös kulttuurisen osaamisen edistÀjÀnÀ. Musiikkia ja liikettÀ yhdistÀmÀllÀ voidaan edistÀÀ oppimista kokonaisvaltaisesti. Musiikilla ja kehonliikkeillÀ voidaan aktivoida kuuntelua, luovuutta ja keksimistÀ. Kuuntelutaidosta opitaan vuorovaikutustaitoja. Musiikillinen toimita ja musiikkileikit voivat olla keskeisessÀ roolissa lapsen oppimisessa, eheytetyssÀ ja laaja-alaisessa varhaiskasvatuksessa
Radio jets and gamma-ray emission in radio-silent narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies
We have detected six narrow-line Seyfert 1 (NLS1) galaxies at 37 GHz that
were previously classified as radio silent and two that were classified as
radio quiet. These detections reveal the presumption that NLS1 galaxies
labelled radio quiet or radio silent and hosted by spiral galaxies are unable
to launch jets to be incorrect. The detections are a plausible indicator of the
presence of a powerful, most likely relativistic jet because this intensity of
emission at 37 GHz cannot be explained by, for example, radiation from
supernova remnants. Additionally, one of the detected NLS1 galaxies is a newly
discovered source of gamma rays and three others are candidates for future
detections.Comment: 5 pages, 1 figure, 37 GHz data available in electronic form at the
CDS. Accepted in A&
37 GHz observations of narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies
Observations at 37 GHz, performed at Mets\"ahovi Radio Observatory, are
presented for a sample of 78 radio-loud and radio-quiet narrow-line Seyfert 1
(NLS1) galaxies, together with additional lower and higher frequency radio data
from RATAN-600, Owens Valley Radio Observatory, and the Planck satellite. Most
of the data have been gathered between February 2012 and April 2015 but for
some sources even longer lightcurves exist. The detection rate at 37 GHz is
around 19%, comparable to other populations of active galactic nuclei presumed
to be faint at radio frequencies, such as BL Lac objects. Variability and
spectral indices are determined for sources with enough detections. Based on
the radio data, many NLS1 galaxies show a blazar-like radio spectra exhibiting
significant variability. The spectra at a given time are often inverted or
convex. The source of the high-frequency radio emission in NLS1 galaxies,
detected at 37 GHz, is most probably a relativistic jet rather than star
formation. Jets in NLS1 galaxies are therefore expected to be a much more
common phenomenon than earlier assumed.Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A. Table of 37 GHz data will be
available at the CDS soo
A multifrequency analysis of radio variability of blazars
We have carried out a multifrequency analysis of the radio variability of
blazars, exploiting the data obtained during the extensive monitoring programs
carried out at the University of Michigan Radio Astronomy Observatory (UMRAO,
at 4.8, 8, and 14.5 GHz) and at the Metsahovi Radio Observatory (22 and 37
GHz). Two different techniques detect, in the Metsahovi light curves, evidences
of periodicity at both frequencies for 5 sources (0224+671, 0945+408, 1226+023,
2200+420, and 2251+158). For the last three sources consistent periods are
found also at the three UMRAO frequencies and the Scargle (1982) method yields
an extremely low false-alarm probability. On the other hand, the 22 and 37 GHz
periodicities of 0224+671 and 0945+408 (which were less extensively monitored
at Metsahovi and for which we get a significant false-alarm probability) are
not confirmed by the UMRAO database, where some indications of ill-defined
periods about a factor of two longer are retrieved. We have also investigated
the variability index, the structure function, and the distribution of
intensity variations of the most extensively monitored sources. We find a
statistically significant difference in the distribution of the variability
index for BL Lac objects compared to flat-spectrum radio quasars (FSRQs), in
the sense that the former objects are more variable. For both populations the
variability index steadily increases with increasing frequency. The
distribution of intensity variations also broadens with increasing frequency,
and approaches a log-normal shape at the highest frequencies. We find that
variability enhances by 20-30% the high frequency counts of extragalactic
radio-sources at bright flux densities, such as those of the WMAP and Planck
surveys.Comment: A&A accepted. 12 pages, 16 figure
Planck intermediate results XXIII : Galactic plane emission components derived from Planck with ancillary data
Planck data when combined with ancillary data provide a unique opportunity to separate the diffuse emission components of the inner Galaxy. The purpose of the paper is to elucidate the morphology of the various emission components in the strong star-formation region lying inside the solar radius and to clarify the relationship between the various components. The region of the Galactic plane covered is 1 = 300 degrees -> 0 degrees -> 60 degrees where star-formation is highest and the emission is strong enough to make meaningful component separation. The latitude widths in this longitude range lie between 1 and 2, which correspond to FWHM z-widths of 100-200 pc at a typical distance of 6 kpc. The four emission components studied here are synchrotron, free-free, anomalous microwave emission (AME), and thermal (vibrational) dust emission. These components are identified by constructing spectral energy distributions (SEDs) at positions along the Galactic plane using the wide frequency coverage of Planck (28.4-857 GHz) in combination with low-frequency radio data at 0.408-2.3 GHz plus WMAP data at 23-94 GHz, along with far-infrared (FIR) data from COBE-DIRBE and IRAS. The free-free component is determined from radio recombination line (RRL) data. AME is found to be comparable in brightness to the free-free emission on the Galactic plane in the frequency range 20-40 GHz with a width in latitude similar to that of the thermal dust; it comprises 45 +/- 1% of the total 28.4 GHz emission in the longitude range 1 = 300 degrees -> 0 degrees -> 60 degrees. The free-free component is the narrowest, reflecting the fact that it is produced by current star-formation as traced by the narrow distribution of OB stars. It is the dominant emission on the plane between 60 and 100 GHz. RRLs from this ionized gas are used to assess its distance, leading to a free-free z-width of FWHM approximate to 100 pc. The narrow synchrotron component has a low-frequency brightness spectral index beta(synch) approximate to -2.7 that is similar to the broad synchrotron component indicating that they are both populated by the cosmic ray electrons of the same spectral index. The width of this narrow synchrotron component is significantly larger than that of the other three components, suggesting that it is generated in an assembly of older supernova remnants that have expanded to sizes of order 150 pc in 3 x 10(5) yr; pulsars of a similar age have a similar spread in latitude. The thermal dust is identified in the SEDs with average parameters of T-dust = 20.4 +/- 0.4 K, beta(FIR) = 1.94 +/- 0.03 (>353 GHz), and beta(mm) = 1.67 +/- 0.02 (Peer reviewe
Long-term clinical and economic outcomes in previously untreated paediatric patients with severe haemophilia A : A nationwide real-world study with 700 person-years
AimFor previously untreated patients (PUPs) with severe haemophilia A in Finland for the past 2 decades, the standard practice has been to start early primary prophylaxis. We evaluated the long-term clinical outcomes and costs of treatment with high-dose prophylaxis in PUPs from birth to adolescence, including immune tolerance induction (ITI). MethodsFrom the medical records of all PUPs born between June 1994 and May 2013 in Finland, we retrospectively extracted data on clinical outcomes and healthcare use. Using linear mixed models, we analysed longitudinal clinical outcome data. To analyse skewed cost data, including zero costs, we applied hurdle regression. ResultsAll 62 patients received early regular prophylaxis; totally, they have had treatment for nearly 700 patient-years. The median age of starting home treatment was 1.1years. The mean (SD) annual treatment costs (Europerkg) were 4391Euro (3852). For ages 1-3, ITI comprised over half of the costs; in other groups, prophylactic FVIII treatment dominated. With these high costs, however, clinical outcomes were desirable; median (IQR) ABR was low at 0.19 (0.07-0.46) and so was AJBR at 0.06 (0-0.24). Thirteen (21%) patients developed a clinically significant inhibitor, 10 (16%) with a high titre. All ITIs were successful. The mean costs for ITI were 383448Euro (259085). The expected ITI payback period was 1.81 (95% CI 0.62-12.12) years. ConclusionsEarly high-dose prophylaxis leads to excellent long-term clinical outcomes, and early childhood ITI therapy seems to turn cost-neutral generally already in 2years.Peer reviewe
Can processes make relationships work? The Triple Helix between structure and action
This contribution seeks to explore how complex adaptive theory can be applied at the conceptual level to unpack Triple Helix models. We use two cases to examine this issue â the Finnish Strategic Centres for Science, Technology & Innovation (SHOKs) and the Canadian Business-led Networks of Centres of Excellence (BL-NCE). Both types of centres are organisational structures that aspire to be business-led, with a considerable portion of their activities driven by (industrial) usersâ interests and requirements. Reflecting on the centresâ activities along three dimensions â knowledge generation, consensus building and innovation â we contend that conceptualising the Triple Helix from a process perspective will improve the dialogue between stakeholders and shareholders
Automated optical identification of a large complete northern hemisphere sample of flat spectrum radio sources with S_6cm > 200 mJy
This paper describes the automated optical APM identification of radio
sources from the Jodrell Bank - VLA Astrometric Survey (JVAS), as used for the
search for distant radio-loud quasars. The sample has been used to investigate
possible relations between optical and radio properties of flat spectrum radio
sources. From the 915 sources in the sample, 756 have an optical APM
identification at a red (e) and/or blue (o) plate,resulting in an
identification fraction of 83% with a completeness and reliability of 98% and
99% respectively. About 20% are optically identified with extended APM objects
on the red plates, e.g. galaxies. However the distinction between galaxies and
quasars can not be done properly near the magnitude limit of the POSS-I plates.
The identification fraction appears to decrease from >90% for sources with a 5
GHz flux density of >1 Jy, to <80% for sources at 0.2 Jy. The identification
fraction, in particular that for unresolved quasars, is found to be lower for
sources with steeper radio spectra. In agreement with previous studies, we find
that the quasars at low radio flux density levels also tend to have fainter
optical magnitudes, although there is a large spread. In addition, objects with
a steep radio-to-optical spectral index are found to be mainly highly polarised
quasars, supporting the idea that in these objects the polarised synchrotron
component is more prominent. It is shown that the large spread in
radio-to-optical spectral index is possibly caused by source to source
variations in the Doppler boosting of the synchrotron component [Abridged].Comment: LaTex, 17 pages, 5 gif figures, 4 tables. Accepted for publication in
MNRAS. High resolution figures can be found at http://www.roe.ac.uk/~ignas
Planck early results XIII : Statistical properties of extragalactic radio sources in the Planck Early Release Compact Source Catalogue
Peer reviewe
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