Structural stability of the two-fold singularity

At a two-fold singularity, the velocity vector of a flow switches discontinuously across a codimension one switching manifold, between two directions that both lie tangent to the manifold. Particularly intricate dynamics arises when the local flow curves toward the switching manifold from both sides, a case referred to as the Teixeira singularity. The flow locally performs two different actions: it winds around the singularity by crossing repeatedly through, and passes through the singularity by sliding along, the switching manifold. The case when the number of rotations around the singularity is infinite has been analyzed in detail. Here we study the case when the flow makes a finite, but previously unknown, number of rotations around the singularity between incidents of sliding. We show that the solution is remarkably simple: the maximum and minimum numbers of rotations made anywhere in the flow differ only by one and increase incrementally with a single parameter -the angular jump in the flow direction across the switching manifold at the singularity

Semiempirical Modeling of Reset Transitions in Unipolar Resistive-Switching based Memristors

We have measured the transition process from the high to low resistivity states, i.e., the reset process of resistive switching based memristors based on Ni/HfO2/Si-n+ structures, and have also developed an analytical model for their electrical characteristics. When the characteristic curves are plotted in the current-voltage (I-V) domain a high variability is observed. In spite of that, when the same curves are plotted in the charge-flux domain (Q-phi), they can be described by a simple model containing only three parameters: the charge (Qrst) and the flux (rst) at the reset point, and an exponent, n, relating the charge and the flux before the reset transition. The three parameters can be easily extracted from the Q-phi plots. There is a strong correlation between these three parameters, the origin of which is still under study

Applying remote sensing and GIS techniques in solving rural county information needs

The project designed was to acquaint county government officials and their clientele with remote sensing and GIS products that contain information about land conditions and land use. Other users determined through the course of this project were federal agencies working at the county level, agricultural businesses and others in need of spatial information. The specific project objectives were: (1) to investigate the feasibility of using remotely sensed data to identify and quantify specific land cover categories and conditions for purposes of tax assessment, cropland area measurements and land use evaluation; (2) to investigate the use of satellite remote sensing data as an aid in assessing soil management practices; and (3) to evaluate the use of remotely sensed data to assess soil resources and conditions which affect productivity

NASA applications project in Miami County, Indiana

The study site selection is intended to serve all of the different research areas within the project, i.e., soil conditions, soil management, etc. There are seven major soil associations or soils formed on similar landscapes in the Miami Co., and over 38 soil series that were mapped. Soil sampling was conducted in some sites because of its variability in soils and cover types, variable topography, and presence of erosion problems. Results from analysis of these soil data is presented

CEO pay and family firm heterogeneity: A behavioral agency model perspective

\ua9 The Author(s) 2021. We study the effects of family control on CEO pay from the perspective of behavioral agency model (BAM), with particular focus on family firm’s generational stage and CEO family ties. Using a panel of Australian listed firms, we find that family firms present lower total and variable CEO pay, showing also less pay disparity between the CEO and other top executives. We also find that multi-generational family firms and those run by non-family CEOs offer higher total and variable CEO pay and present high pay disparity. The BAM and family’s aversion to socioemotional wealth loss can explain the effects of family control based on the pursuing of non-financial family goals. The decline of these goals derived from the aging of the firm and the hiring of external CEOs shape family control and should be considered in the design of executive compensation policies and by external parties when assessing their suitability. JEL CLASSIFICATION: G30; G32; G34; G3

Guidelines Accelerated Aging Testing of Aluminum Reflectors for Concentrated Solar Power

This testing guideline specifies the recommended accelerated aging conditions to reproduce realistic degradation mechanisms on aluminum reflectors, which have been observed during a 3 year outdoor exposure testing campaign at 9 exposure sites with 9 different aluminum reflector types (7 of them protected with a SiO2 based sol-gel coating, 2 of them protected by a polymeric coating). Accelerated aging parameters have been derived to simulate the exposure after 3 and 10 years at three reference outdoor scenarios: “extreme desert”, “desert” and “coastal”. The parameters have been achieved by averaging the 9 tested material types. However, if the material to be tested deviates significantly in its chemical composition, it is likely that other degradation mechanisms will be accelerated and the correlation to the outdoor reference scenarios will not apply. Fig. 1 shows the materials to be tested under the scope of this guideline. In any case, the indicated correlation to the outdoor reference scenarios can only be considered as an estimate. For some of the 9 tested materials the correlation applied better than for others. The expected uncertainty is 4.4 % (pp) specular reflectance, ρ, at a wavelength, λ, of 660 nm, an incidence angle, θi, of 15° and an acceptance angle, φ, of 12.5 mrad to simulate 3 years of exposure on the desert and coastal sites. For the “extreme desert” site the expected uncertainty is considerably higher because of the strong dependence on specific abrasion effects on site. The simulation of 10 years of exposure is based on extrapolation of the available outdoor data after 3 years