Anatomical study between the correlation of the arcuate eminence and the superior semicircular canal

Objective To study the anatomical correlation between the arcuate eminence and the superior semicircular canal. Material and methods A study of the height of the arcuate eminence was carried out in 295 temporal bones. In addition, 30 temporals with different heights of the arcuate eminence (10 flat, 10 prominent and 10 very prominent) were randomly selected and radiological tests were performed by computed tomography (Pöschl projection) and subsequent dissection by milling until the apex of the superior semicircular canal was found, establishing, with both methods, the anatomical relationship with the arcuate eminence. Results The arcuate eminence was classified as: smooth, when there was no relief (1.7%); flat, measured less than 1 mm (20.3%), prominent, measured between 1 and 2 mm, in (62%), and very prominent, measured above 2 mm (12.6%). The tomographic study (CT) and its subsequent dissection by bone milling showed a direct relationship between the arcuate eminence and the semicircular canal only when it was flat, while the rest of the types corresponded to the presence of pneumatized peri-labyrinthine cells and/or cancellous bone without a direct anatomical relationship with the apex of the superior semicircular canal. Conclusion The correlation between the arcuate eminence and the superior semicircular canal is direct only when it is flat (1 mm), being related to peri-labyrinthine cells and/or cancellous bone when the arcuate eminence is prominent or very prominent

Middleware to Operate Smart Photovoltaic Irrigation Systems in Real Time

Climate change, water scarcity and higher energy requirements and electric tariff compromises the continuity of the irrigated agriculture. Precision agriculture (PA) or renewable energy sources which are based on communication and information technologies and a large amount of data are key to ensuring this economic activity and guaranteeing food security at the global level. Several works which are based on the use of PA and renewable energy sources have been developed in order to optimize different variables of irrigated agriculture such as irrigation scheduling. However, the large amount of technologies and sensors that these models need to be implemented are still far from being easily accessible and usable by farmers. In this way, a middleware called Real time Smart Solar Irrigation Manager (RESSIM) has been developed in this work and implemented in MATLABTM with the aim to provide to farmers a user-friendly tool for the daily making decision process of irrigation scheduling using a smart photovoltaic irrigation management module. RESSIM middleware was successfully tested in a real field during a full irrigation season of olive trees using a real smart photovoltaic irrigation system

Reducing the energy demand in irrigation water supply systems. Experiences from southern Europe

In recent years, many modernization processes have been undertaken in irrigation districts with a view to improving water use efficiency. In southern Spain, many irrigation districts have either been modernized or are currently being upgraded. However, as part of the modernization process some unexpected side effects have been observed. This paper analyzes the relative advantages and limitations of modernization based on field data collected in a typical Andalusian irrigation district. Although the amount of water diverted for irrigation to farms has been considerably reduced, consumptive use has increased. The costs for operation and system maintenance have dramatically risen (400%), as the energy for pumping water is much higher now compared to the gravity fed systems used previously. Then a regional analysis of the relationship between energy requirements and irrigation water applied in ten irrigation districts, in Southern Spain, has been carried out. Results show that 1000 kWh ha–1 is the energy required to apply an average depth of 2590 m3 ha-1. Finally, energy saving options are identified and discussed

Identification of non-tuberculous mycobacteria isolated from opossum (Didelphis virginiana) lymph nodes and characterisation of lesions

The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of NTM in the lymph nodes of opossums (D. virginiana) and to characterise the microscopic changes in affected tissue. Retropharyngeal and tracheobronchial lymph nodes were collected postmortem from 18 opossums in the state of Colima, Mexico in 2013. The lymph nodes were also cultured for mycobacterial organisms and processed for histopathological examination. Bacteriological cultures yielded 5/18X100 (28%) isolates of NTM, which were subsequently identified as M. terrae, M. szulgai, M. gastri and M. asiaticum. Microscopic examination of the affected nodes revealed a necrotic granulomatous lymphadenitis (3/60%) composed of histiocytes, epithelioid cells and giant cells with intralesional alcoholresistant acid bacteria. An association between the sex of the opossum and the presence of NTM was observed. To our knowledge, this is the first report of NTM isolation in opossums with granulomatous lymphadenitis in Mexico

Epigenetic profiling of the antitumor natural product psammaplin A and its analogues

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Oral health-related quality of life and malnutrition in patients treated for oral cancer.

This study examined whether oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) is associated with nutritional status in patients treated for oral cancer

A Performance Analysis Framework for WiFi/WiMAX Heterogeneous Metropolitan Networks Based on Cross-Layer Design

The communication between network nodes within different protocol domains is often regarded simply as a black box with unknown configuration conditions in the path. We address network heterogeneity using a white box approach and focus on its interconnection processes. To achieve this purpose, a Performance Analysis Framework (PAF) is proposed which is composed of the formalization of the latter using process algebra (PA) and the corresponding teletraffic performance models. In this contribution, we target the IEEE 802.16 and IEEE 802.11 protocols. For the teletraffic models, we extend previous models for such scenario with the inclusion of the following protocol operational parameters (metrics): bit error rate (BER), packet error ratio (PER), and packet length (pl). From the framework teletraffic models, the optimal packet length (OPL), end to end throughput, delay, and packet loss are obtained. The PAF outperforms previous modeling solutions in terms of delay and throughput relative to NS3 simulation results. </jats:p

EL RIEGO DE PRECISIÓN EN EL CULTIVO DE FRESA EN LA PROVINCIA DE HUELVA

[ES] El cultivo de fresa es el cultivo con mayor repercusión económica y social de la provincia de Huelva, ya que España es el principal productor de fresa fresca de Europa y el segundo del mundo, situándose el 95% de esa producción en la provincia de Huelva. Sin embargo, la zona donde se desarrolla el cultivo, el entorno del Parque Nacional de Doñana, es una de las zonas de mayor sensibilidad ambiental de Europa y cualquier actividad que se desarrolle debe evitar impactos negativos en el mismo. De lo anterior se deduce la necesidad de buscar un equilibrio para que agricultura y medio ambiente puedan convivir en el entorno de Doñana. Este trabajo se centra precisamente en eso, en optimizar el uso del agua en la zona mediante la implantación del riego de precisión en el cultivo de fresa, que consiste en dar a la planta el agua que necesita en el momento adecuado. La implantación de un sistema de riego de precisión se ha llevado a cabo en la campaña 2013/2014 en una finca comercial de la zona Almonte-El Rocío, provincia de Huelva. Para ello se ha implantado un ensayo en 5 sectores distintos, cada uno con un tipo de emisor diferente, en el que se realizó una programación óptima del riego basada en el cálculo de las necesidades teóricas del cultivo, el análisis hidráulico del sector y el movimiento del agua en el suelo, y cuyo comportamiento se comparó con un sector testigo manejado por el agricultor. Estas técnicas permitieron ahorrar un 43% de agua, en las condiciones particulares de suelo, variedad y configuración de la red riego de la finca de ensayo, obteniéndose un ligero aumento de producción respecto al manejo tradicional del agricultor, lo que se tradujo en un incremento de la rentabilidad del cultivo y de una mejora de la sostenibilidad en la producción intensiva de fresas.Martín Arroyo, M.; Fernandez García, I.; Gonzalez Perea, R.; García Morillo, J.; Rodríguez Díaz, J.; Camacho Poyato, E.; Montesinos Barrios, P. (2015). EL RIEGO DE PRECISIÓN EN EL CULTIVO DE FRESA EN LA PROVINCIA DE HUELVA. En XXXIII CONGRESO NACIONAL DE RIEGOS. Valencia 16-18 junio de 2015. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/CNRiegos.2015.1462OC

Effect of Linker Distribution in the Photocatalytic Activity of Multivariate Mesoporous Crystals

The use of Metal-Organic Frameworks as crystalline matrices for the synthesis of multiple component or multivariate solids by the combination of different linkers into a single material has emerged as a versatile route to tailor the properties of single-component phases or even access new functions. This approach is particularly relevant for Zr6-MOFs due to the synthetic flexibility of this inorganic node. However, the majority of materials are isolated as polycrystalline solids, which are not ideal to decipher the spatial arrangement of parent and exchanged linkers for the formation of homogeneous structures or heterogeneous domains across the solid. Here we use high-throughput methodologies to optimize the synthesis of single crystals of UiO-68 and UiO-68-TZDC, a photoactive analogue based on a tetrazine dicarboxylic derivative. The analysis of the single linker phases reveals the necessity of combining both linkers to produce multivariate frameworks that combine efficient light sensitization, chemical stability, and porosity, all relevant to photocatalysis. We use solvent-assisted linker exchange reactions to produce a family of UiO-68-TZDC% binary frameworks, which respect the integrity and morphology of the original crystals. Our results suggest that the concentration of TZDC in solution and the reaction time control the distribution of this linker in the sibling crystals for a uniform mixture or the formation of core-shell domains. We also demonstrate how the possibility of generating an asymmetric distribution of both linkers has a negligible effect on the electronic structure and optical band gap of the solids but controls their performance for drastic changes in the photocatalytic activity toward proton or methyl viologen reduction.This work was supported by the EU (ERC Stg Chem-fs-MOF 714122) and Spanish government (CTQ2017-83486-P, RTI2018-098568-A-I00, RYC-2016-1981, CEX2019-000919-M, PID2019-106383GB-C44/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and RTI2018-098568-A-I00). B.L.-B. thanks the Spanish government for a FPU (FPU16/04162). S.T. thanks the Spanish government for a Ramón y Cajal Fellowship (RYC-2016-60719817). N.M.P. thanks the European Union for a Marie Skłodowska-Curie Global Fellowship (H2020-MSCA-IF-2016-GF-749359-EnanSET). J.G.P. thanks to the SIDIX at Servicios Generales de Apoyo a la Investigación (SEGAI) at La Laguna University. We also thank BSC-RES for computational resources (QS-2020-2-0024) and the University of Valencia for research facilities (Tirant and NANBIOSIS).Peer reviewe

Selective Implantation of Diamines for Cooperative Catalysis in Isoreticular Heterometallic Titanium-Organic Frameworks

This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Selective Implantation of Diamines for Cooperative Catalysis in Isoreticular Heterometallic Titanium-Organic Frameworks, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202100176. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.[EN] We introduce the first example of isoreticular titanium-organic frameworks, MUV-10 and MUV-12, to show how the different affinity of hard Ti(IV) and soft Ca(II) metal sites can be used to direct selective grafting of amines. This enables the combination of Lewis acid titanium centers and available -NH, sites in two sizeable pores for cooperative cycloaddition of CO2 to epoxides at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. The selective grafting of molecules to heterometallic clusters adds up to the pool of methodologies available for controlling the positioning and distribution of chemical functions in precise positions of the framework required for definitive control of pore chemistry.This work was supported by the EU (ERC Stg Chem-fs-MOF 714122) and Spanish Government (CTQ2017-83486-P, RTI2018-098568-A-I00 & CEX2019-000919-M). E.L.-M. and S.T. thanks the Spanish Government for their Juan de la Cierva Fellowship (FJCI-2017-32956) and Ramon y Cajal contract (RYC-2016-1981), respectively. A.R.G. acknowledges funding from Generalitat Valencia (ACIF/2020/090)and Fondo Social Europeo. N.M.P. thanks the European Union for a Marie Sklodowska-Curie Global Fellowship (H2020MSCA-IF-2016-GF-749359-EnanSET) and to the "2020 Postdoctoral Junior Leader-Retaining Fellowship, la Caixa Foundation (ID 100010434 and fellowship code LCF/BQ/PR20/11770014)". F.G.C. acknowledges the support of a fellowship from "la Caixa" Foundation (ID 100010434 and the fellowship code LCF/BQ/PI19/11690011). S.N. thanks financial support by the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades (RTI 2018-099482-A-I00 project), Fundacion Ramon Areces (XVIII Concurso Nacional para la Adjudicacion de Ayudas a la Investigacion en Ciencias de la Vida y de la Materia, 2016) and Agencia Valenciana de la Innovacion (AVI-GVA, Carboagua project, INNEST/2020/111).López-Maya, E.; Padial, NM.; Castells-Gil, J.; Ganivet, CR.; Rubio-Gaspar, A.; García Cirujano, F.; Almora-Barrios, N.... (2021). Selective Implantation of Diamines for Cooperative Catalysis in Isoreticular Heterometallic Titanium-Organic Frameworks. Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 60(21):11868-11873. https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.2021001761186811873602