Physical Activity Patterns of the Spanish Population Are Mostly Determined by Sex and Age: Findings in the ANIBES Study

Background Representative data for the Spanish population regarding physical activity (PA) behaviors are scarce and seldom comparable due to methodological inconsistencies. Aim Our objectives were to describe the PA behavior by means of the standardized self-reported International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and to know the proportion of the Spanish population meeting and not meeting international PA recommendations. Material and Methods PA was assessed using the IPAQ in a representative sample of 2285 individuals (males, 50.4%) aged 9–75 years and living in municipalities of at least 2,000 inhabitants. Data were analyzed according to: age groups 9–12, 13–17, 18–64, and 65–75 years; sex; geographical distribution; locality size and educational levels. Results Mean total PA was 868.8±660.9 min/wk, mean vigorous PA 146.4±254.1 min/wk, and mean moderate PA 398.1±408.0 min/wk, showing significant differences between sexes (p<0.05). Children performed higher moderate-vigorous PA than adolescents and seniors (p<0.05), and adults than adolescents and seniors (p<0.05). Compared to recommendations, 36.2%of adults performed <150 min/week of moderate PA, 65.4% <75 min/week of vigorous PA and 27.0%did not perform any PA at all, presenting significant differences between sexes (p<0.05). A total of 55.4%of children and adolescents performed less than 420 min/week of MVPA, being higher in the later (62.6%) than in the former (48.4%). Highest non-compliance was observed in adolescent females (86.5%). Conclusion Sex and age are the main influencing factors on PA in the Spanish population. Males engage in more vigorous and light PA overall, whereas females perform more moderate PA. PA behavior differs between age groups and no clear lineal increase with age could be observed. Twenty-seven percent of adults and 55.4% of children and adolescents do not meet international PA recommendations. Identified target groups should be addressed to increase PA in the Spanish populationCoca-Cola Iberia through Spanish Nutrition Foundation (FEN)Coca-Cola Iberi

Sedentary behavior among Spanish children and adolescents: findings from the ANIBES study

Background: An increase of sedentary behaviors far from the Mediterranean lifestyle is happening in spite of the impact on health. The aims of this study were to describe sedentary behaviors in children and adolescents. Methods: A representative sample of 424 Spanish children and adolescents (38% females) involved in the ANIBES study was analyzed regarding their sedentary behaviors, together with the availability of televisions, computers, and consoles by means of the HELENA sedentary behavior questionnaire. Results: For the total sample of children, 49.3% during weekdays and 84% during weekends did not meet the recommendation of less than 2 hours of screen viewing per day. The use of TV was higher during weekdays (p < 0.05) and there were significant differences between adolescents and children (16.9 vs. 25.1%, p < 0.05). The use of computer, console games and of internet for non-study reasons was higher during weekends (p < 0.001). Adolescents played more computer games and used more internet for non-study reasons than children during both weekdays and weekends (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001, respectively). The use of internet for academic reasons was lower in children (p < 0.001) than adolescents during weekends; however, no significant differences were found between sexes. In addition, more than 30% of the children and adolescents had at least one electronic device in their bedrooms. Conclusions: Spanish children and adolescents are not meeting the recommendations regarding the maximum of screen viewing (<2 h/day), especially during the weekend, for all of sedentary behaviors. Urgent strategies and intervention studies are needed to reduce sedentary behavior in young people.The ANIBES study was financially supported by a grant from Coca-Cola Iberia through an agreement with the Spanish Nutrition Foundation (FEN). The funding sponsors had no role in the design of the study, in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of the data; in the writing of the manuscript, and in the decision to publish the results

The Association of Frailty with Hospitalizations and Mortality among Community Dwelling Older Adults with Diabetes

Diabetes (DM) is associated with an accelerated aging that promotes frailty, a state of vulnerability to stressors, characterized by multisystem decline that results in diminished intrinsic reserve and is associated with morbidity, mortality and utilization. Research suggests a bidirectional relationship between frailty and diabetes. Frailty is associated with mortality in patients with diabetes, but its prevalence and impact on hospitalizations are not well known. Determine the association of frailty with all-cause hospitalizations and mortality in older Veterans with diabetes. Retrospective cohort. Outpatient. Veterans 65 years and older with diabetes who were identified as frail through calculation of a 44-item frailty index. The FI was constructed as a proportion of healthcare variables (demographics, comorbidities, medications, laboratory tests, and ADLs) at the time of the screening. At the end of follow up, data was aggregated on all-cause hospitalizations and mortality and compared non-frail (robust, FI≤ .10 and prefrail FI=>.10, <.21) and frail (FI≥.21) patients. After adjusting for age, race, ethnicity, median income, history of hospitalizations, comorbidities, duration of DM and glycemic control, the association of frailty with all-cause hospitalizations was carried out according to the Andersen-Gill model, accounting for repeated hospitalizations and the association with all-cause mortality using a multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model. We identified 763 patients with diabetes, mean age 72.9 (SD=6.8) years, 50.5% were frail. After a median follow-up of 561 days (IQR=172), 37.0% they had 673 hospitalizations. After adjustment for covariates, frailty was associated with higher all-cause hospitalizations, hazard ratio (HR)=1.71 (95%CI:1.31-2.24), p<.0001, and greater mortality, HR=2.05 (95%CI:1.16-3.64), p=.014. Frailty was independently associated with all-cause hospitalizations and mortality in older Veterans with diabetes. Interventions to reduce the burden of frailty may be helpful to improve outcomes in older patients with diabetes

Physical activity, sedentary time, TV viewing, physical fitness and cardiovascular disease risk in adolescents: The HELENA study

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Elsevier via the DOI in this record.BACKGROUND: To examine the independent associations between physical activity (PA) intensities, sedentary time (ST), TV viewing, cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and muscular fitness (MF) with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in youth. METHODS: A cross-sectional study on 534 European adolescents (252 males, 282 females, 12.5-17.5years). Minutes per day of light (LPA), moderate (MPA) and vigorous (VPA) PA and total ST were measured using accelerometers. TV viewing time was measured using a questionnaire. CRF and MF were measured using the 20m shuttle run test and a hand dynamometer respectively. CVD outcomes included markers of body composition (body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), WC/height (Ht) and sum of skinfolds (SumSF)), blood pressure, blood lipids and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Clustered CVD risk was calculated using SumSF, HOMA-IR, blood lipids and blood pressure. RESULTS: LPA had a significant positive independent relationship with all body composition outcomes (P0.10). MPA had a negative independent relationship with only WC (P=0.029) and ST was not significantly related to CVD risk (P>0.16). TV viewing had a significant positive independent relationship with HOMA-IR (P<0.001) and clustered CVD risk (P=0.019). CRF (all P<0.002) and MF (all P<0.009) had a negative independent relationship with body composition outcomes and clustered CVD risk. CONCLUSIONS: Public health guidelines should prioritize on increasing levels of CRF, MF and VPA, and reducing TV viewing time to lower CVD risk in youth.The HELENA study took place with the financial support of the European Community Sixth RTD Framework Programme (Contract FOOD-CT: 2005-007034). Dr. Luis Gracia-Marco and Dr. Jonatan Ruiz's contribution to this study was supported by the University of Granada, Plan Propio de Investigación 2016 (Excellence actions: Units of Excellence, Unit of Excellence on Exercise and Health (UCEES); and Programa de Captación de Talento — UGR Fellows)

El ejercicio dentro de las unidades de hemodiálisis: estudio piloto en España

SIN FINANCIACIÓNNo data (2015)UE

Effects of an intradialysis exercise program in patients with chronic kidney disease

The aim of this study was to check the grade of enforcement and to assess the effect of an intradialytic exercise program on fitness and health in hemodialysis patients. The design of this study consisted of 2 periods of 14 weeks, the first one without exercise and the next one with exercise. The program included both aerobic endurance and strength exercise in sessions of 60 minutes, 3 days per week. Physical condition was evaluated through handgrip strength, lower extremity strength and aerobic capacity. 62% of patients completed 75% of the exercise program. A statistically significant decrease in all fitness parameters was observed in period without exercise. This decrease stopped, due to the intervention of exercise program, without significance improvement. Intradialytic exercise program is important to reduce the loss of fitness associated to chronic kidney disease.El objetivo de este estudio fue comprobar el grado de cumplimiento y analizar el efecto de un programa intradiálisis de ejercicio físico sobre la condición física y salud del paciente con enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) que recibe hemodiálisis. Estudio de intervención con dos periodos de 14 semanas, uno sin intervención de ejercicio y otro con intervención, combinando trabajo de resistencia aeróbica y fuerza, en sesiones de 60 minutos, 3 días/semana. La condición física se evaluó a través de la capacidad de fuerza máxima de prensión manual, fuerza resistencia en extremidades inferiores y capacidad cardiorrespiratoria. El 62% de los pacientes cumplieron el 75% del programa. Durante el periodo sin ejercicio intradiálisis se observó una disminución significativa de la condición física, que se frenó durante el periodo con intervención de ejercicio. El programa de ejercicio intradiálisis es importante para frenar la pérdida de condición física ocasionada por la ERC

Effects of an intradialysis exercise program in patients with chronic kidney disease

El objetivo de este estudio fue comprobar el grado de cumplimiento y analizar el efecto de un programa intradiálisis de ejercicio físico sobre la condición física y salud del paciente con enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) que recibe hemodiálisis. Estudio de intervención con dos periodos de 14 semanas, uno sin intervención de ejercicio y otro con intervención, combinando trabajo de resistencia aeróbica y fuerza, en sesiones de 60 minutos, 3 días/semana. La condición física se evaluó a través de la capacidad de fuerza máxima de prensión manual, fuerza resistencia en extremidades inferiores y capacidad cardiorrespiratoria. El 62% de los pacientes cumplieron el 75% del programa. Durante el periodo sin ejercicio intradiálisis se observó una disminución significativa de la condición física, que se frenó durante el periodo con intervención de ejercicio. El programa de ejercicio intradiálisis es importante para frenar la pérdida de condición física ocasionada por la ERC.The aim of this study was to check the grade of enforcement and to assess the effect of an intradialytic exercise program on fitness and health in hemodi - alysis patients. The design of this study consisted of 2 periods of 14 weeks, the first one without exercise and the next one with exercise. The program included both aerobic endurance and strength exercise in sessions of 60 minutes, 3 days per week. Physical condition was evaluated through handgrip strength, lower extremity strength and aerobic capacit y . 62% of patients completed 75% of the exercise program. A statistically significant decrease in all fitness parameters was observed in period without exercise. This decrease stopped, due to the interven - tion of exercise program, without significance improvement. Intradialytic exercise program is important to reduce the loss of fitness associated to chronic kidney diseaseCátedra Real Madrid - Universidad Europea (2016RM/09)Fundación Renal Íñigo Álvarez de Toledo (FRI A T) (P14 11 15303)0.484 IDR (2019) C2, 20/43 DeporteNo data JCR 2019No data SJR 2019UE

Active commuting, physical activity, and sedentary behaviors in children and adolescents from Spain: findings from the ANIBES study

Abstract: Active commuting (AC) has been proposed as a great opportunity to increase physical activity level (PA) in children and adolescents. The aim of the present study is to determine the associations between AC (walk and cycle commuting) and non-AC (motor vehicle commuting) with PA levels, and with AC and sedentarism in Spanish children and adolescents. A representative Spanish sample of 424 children and adolescents (38% females) was involved in the ANIBES (Anthropometry, Dietary Intake and Lifestyle in Spain) Study in 2013. Data on the levels of AC, non-AC, PA, and sedentarism were obtained using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire for adolescents. Stepwise backward univariate generalized linear and linear regression models were performed. In girls, walking was associated with playground PA, moderate PA, and moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) (β = 0.007, p < 0.05; both β = 0.007, p < 0.01), respectively. In boys, walking was associated with all PA levels (p < 0.05); while cycling was related to moderate PA and MVPA (both β = 0.007, p < 0.05). A negative significant association was observed between AC and time spent studying without Internet use in boys (β = −0.184, p < 0.05). Commuting by walking contributes to increased daily PA in both sexes, whereas cycling was only related to moderate PA and MVPA in boys. Sedentary behaviors are not related to AC, but studying without Internet use was negatively associated with AC in boys