874 research outputs found
Studi Eksperimental Perkuatan Geser Balok Beton Bertulang Dengan Gfrp (Glassn Fiber Reinforced Polymer)
Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) merupakan material yang sangat menjanjikan untuk digunakan dalam perkuatan struktur beton bertulang. Material ini merupakan pilihan yang sangat baik untuk digunakan sebagai perkuatan eksternal karena berat yang ringan, tahan korosi, dan kekuatan yang tinggi.Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) dapat memberikan kontribusi kekuatan geser pada balok. Peningkatan kekuatan Benda uji berupa lima buah balok beton bertulang. Benda uji pertama (BP) tidak diberi perkuatan geser, benda uji kedua (BP1) diberi perkuatan geser berupa penambahan sengkang pada salah satu sisi tumpuan saja. Benda uji ketiga (BP-FRPC) diberi perkuatan geser dengan GFRP yang dipasang menerus pada area dekat tumpuan yang diperlemah. Benda uji keempat (BP1-FRP3) diberi perkuatan geser dengan GFRP yang dipasang tidak menerus dengan 3 strips pada area dekat tumpuan yang diperlemah. Benda uji keempat (BP1-FRP5) diberi perkuatan geser dengan GFRP yang dipasang tidak menerus dengan 5 strips pada area dekat tumpuan yang diperlemah. Metode penelitan dan perhitungan berdasarkan ACI Comitte Report 440.Berdasarkan penelitian, peningkatan beban maksimum dari balok BP1 sebesar 14,46% pada balok BP1-FRP3 dan 20,13% pada balok BP1-FRP5. Penurunan kapasitas geser terjadi pada balok BP yang diperkuat (BP-FRPC). Hal itu diakibatkan penurunan mutu beton pada BP-FRPC akibat kesalahan didalam prosedur pelaksanaanpencampuranmix design. Peningkatan kekakuan dan deformasi balok terjadi pada balok BP1-FRP3 dan BP1-FRP5 yang berbanding lurus dengan peningkatan kapasitas gesernya
Ankyloblepharon filiforme adnatum: a case report
Ankyloblepharon is defined by partial or complete adhesion of the ciliary edges of superior and inferior eyelids. It is usually a sporadic isolated malformation in which the upper and lower lids are joined by tags. Although it is an uncommon and benign condition, its presence should alert the clinician to the possibility of other important disorders. We report a case of a new born who had a sporadic ankyloblepharon, treated one day after birth.Key words: Ankyloblepharon filiforme adnatum, malformation, eye
Food consumption patterns of female undergraduate students in the United Arab Emirates
BACKGROUND: Studies on food intake in the UAE especially in relation to the student life are lacking. OBJECTIVE: To investigate eating habits of undergraduate students. METHODS: A cohort of 146 undergraduate students studying Physiology at Zayed University completed a semi-structured questionnaire. A student response was accepted for analysis only those weeks with adequate responses not more than six. RESULTS: The mean student age was 19.28 (1.22) years with a minimum-maximum 18-23 years. The mean weight was 56.67(13.31) with a minimum-maximum of 40-89 kg. Of 1,250 United Arab Emirates Dirham; 10 indicated they worked but did not specify income; and three were married. More foods were consumed seven times in a week. Amongst the principal foods consumed were: bread, cereal, starch; white bread, cornflakes and rice; fruits - apple, banana and orange; vegetables - cucumber, tomato and lettuce; meat - fish, chicken and beef; and eggs and dairy - (milk, cheese and yoghurt). CONCLUSION: Dubai female undergraduates have a height intake of milk and fruits and less fanciful breads. Further studies should measure the exact quantity/mass of foods consumed per week
Impact du zooplancton métazoaire sur le phytoplancton et les protozoaires ciliés dans le réservoir Sahela (Maroc)
L'impact du zooplancton métazoaire sur le phytoplancton et les protozoaires ciliés a été mesuré durant la période de juillet à décembre 1999 dans le réservoir Sahela sous climat méditerranéen semi-aride.Les expériences ont été réalisées à l'aide de chambres de diffusion immergées in situ pendant 7 heures en absence (chambres témoins) et en présence (chambres expérimentales) du zooplancton.Les résultats indiquent que la mortalité moyenne à 4 m des algues est de 0,13 + 0,03 h-1, et celle des protozoaires ciliés de 0,07 + 0,03 h-1. Cryptomonas ovata et Halteria grandinella ont subi la plus forte prédation, respectivement, 0,31 + 0,14 h-1 et 0,11 + 0,04 h-1 à 4 m. Toutefois, les algues de grande taille (Pediastrum sp, Ceratium hirundinella et Peridinium cinctum) n'ont été que trÚs peu ou pas consommées.The Sahela reservoir, located in Taounate at 90 km from FÚs, lying at an altitude of 325 m, was built to provide drinking water for the population of Taounate and to contribute to irrigate neighbouring farming perimeters.In order to assess the impact of metazoan zooplankton on phytoplankton and protozoan ciliates in the Sahela reservoir under semi-arid climate, we conducted experiments during the period from July to December 1999 at the deepest point in the lake (15 m).Sampling and measurements were carried out in diffusion chambers submerged in situ over a period of 7 h without (control chambers) and with (experimental chambers) zooplankton. During these experiments, counts were conducted on phytoplankton and ciliates to determine the abundance and the mortality of these organisms due to zooplankton in each diffusion chambers at t=0 and t=7 h incubation. The metazooplankton were counted and dry weight of each taxa was calculated.In summer the highest zooplankton biomass (150 ”g·L-1) mainly composed of cyclopoid Tropocyclops prasinus, caused mortality of the small-sized ciliates, such as Halteria grandinella (0.10 h-1). In Autumn, the zooplankton biomass (75 ”g·l-1), dominated by Daphnia longispina, induced a higher mortality for phytoplankton (0.10 h-1) than for ciliates (0.05 h-1). In Winter, the zooplankton biomass (100 ”g·L-1), also represented by Daphnia longispina, had a low impact on ciliate mortality (< 0.02 h-1).The study showed that a heavy predation by the metazoan zooplankton was exerted on small-sized phytoplankton and ciliates and clearly demonstrated the relationships between protozoans and metazoan zooplankton to transfering the matter and energy in aquatic food webs
EFFICIENCY OF ULTRAFILTRATION CERAMIC MEMBRANES FOR TOXIC ELEMENTS REMOVAL FROM WASTEWATERS
The preparation and characterization of porous ceramics multilayer ultrafiltration membrane is described. The first step consisted to prepare high-quality macroporous support in Moroccan clay. The choice of this material is based on its natural abundance and thermal stability.The microporous interlayer was then prepared by slip casting from zirconia commercial powders and finally the active UF toplayers was obtained by sol-gel route using ZnAl2O4 and TiO2 mixed sols. The performance of ultrafiltration membrane (TiO2 (50ïżœ20â ZnAl2O4 (50ïżœ was evaluated by pores diameter, water flux, thickness and molecular weight cut off (MWCO). The water permeability measured for this composite membrane is 9.42 L/(m2âąhâąbar), the thickness is less than 700 nm, the pore diameter is centered near 5 nm and the MWCO was about 4500 Da
Rupture post traumatique de la membrane de Bruch: Ă propos dâun cas
Une contusion du globe peut se compliquer de rupture de la membrane de Bruch ou de la choroïde. Cette complication est observée dans 5 à 10% des cas avec une nette prédominance masculine. Nous rapportons l'observation clinique d'un patient de 26 ans, victime d'un traumatisme contusif sévÚre de l'oeil gauche chez qui l'examen retrouve une rupture de la membrane de bruch au fond d'oeil ; l'evolution spontanné a été marquée parune amélioration visuelle sans complications néovasculaires. Au cours des ruptures post traumatiques de la membrane de bruch le pronostic est essentiellement lié d'une part à sa localisation par rapport à la macula; et d'autre part à la survenue de complications néovasculaires (15 à 30 %des cas)
Quantum Critical Point in the Spin Glass-Kondo Transition in Heavy Fermion Systems
The Kondo-Spin Glass competition is studied in a theoretical model of a Kondo
lattice with an intra-site Kondo type exchange interaction treated within the
mean field approximation, an inter-site quantum Ising exchange interaction with
random couplings among localized spins and an additional transverse field in
the x direction, which represents a simple quantum mechanism of spin flipping.
We obtain two second order transition lines from the spin-glass state to the
paramagnetic one and then to the Kondo state. For a reasonable set of the
different parameters, the two second order transition lines do not intersect
and end in two distinct QCP.Comment: 20 pages; 1 figure; to appear in Physical Review
Mediat. Inflamm.
There is increasing evidence that proteasomes have a biological role in the extracellular alveolar space, but inflammation could change their composition. We tested whether immunoproteasome protein-containing subpopulations are present in the alveolar space of patients with lung inflammation evoking the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) supernatants and cell pellet lysate from ARDS patients (n = 28) and healthy subjects (n = 10) were analyzed for the presence of immunoproteasome proteins (LMP2 and LMP7) and proteasome subtypes by western blot, chromatographic purification, and 2D-dimensional gelelectrophoresis. In all ARDS patients but not in healthy subjects LMP7 and LMP2 were observed in BAL supernatants. Proteasomes purified from pooled ARDS BAL supernatant showed an altered enzyme activity ratio. Chromatography revealed a distinct pattern with 7 proteasome subtype peaks in BAL supernatant of ARDS patients that differed from healthy subjects. Total proteasome concentration in BAL supernatant was increased in ARDS (971 ng/mL perpendicular to 1116 versus 59 perpendicular to 25; P < 0.001), and all fluorogenic substrates were hydrolyzed, albeit to a lesser extent, with inhibition by epoxomicin (P = 0.0001). Thus, we identified for the first time immunoproteasome proteins and a distinct proteasomal subtype pattern in the alveolar space of ARDS patients, presumably in response to inflammation
VariĂ©tĂ©s Chifaa et Bounejmate : CaractĂ©risation et Etude de leur effet sur la structure alvĂ©olaire du pain par analyse dâimage numĂ©rique
The alveolar structure of bread products is one of the factors that the bakery industry seeks to control. The objective of this work is to elucidate the effect of this parameter through the evaluation of the alveolar structure of bread by image analysis. The naked barley variety "ChifaĂ " and the naked oat variety "Bounejmate" were used for this purpose. The work consists on the characterisation of the physical and chemical criteria regarding these two varieties followed by the constitution of mixtures from a commercial flour of soft wheat and complete flours of barley and oat, respectively, as follows: (100% wheat), (barley or oats/wheat) : (10/90), (20/80) and (30/70). Seven loaves of bread (6 mixed loaves and the control loaf) were made using a bread machine. Slices of the obtained loaves were then analysed by image analysis for the following criteria (crumb development, total area of the alveoli, % alveoli in the crumb, number of alveoli). The results showed variability in the composition of the studied varieties. The variety "ChifaĂ " is marked by a high content of ÎČ-glucan (7.9%) and the variety "Bounejmate" is marked by a high content of protein (17.6%) and fat (10.4%). The addition of oat induced a 44.7% decrease in crumb development from 10% addition, whereas barley showed a similar effect at 30% addition. Moreover, barley at 30% addition had more negative effect on the crumb alveoli which decrease until disappearance of the majority.La structure alvĂ©olaire des produits de panification constitue un des facteurs que la profession cherche Ă maitriser. Lâobjectif de ce travail est dâĂ©lucider lâeffet de cet ajout Ă travers lâĂ©valuation de la structure alvĂ©olaire du pain par analyse dâimage. La variĂ©tĂ© dâorge Ă grains nus « Chifaa » et la variĂ©tĂ© dâavoine Ă grains nus « Bounejmate » ont Ă©tĂ© utilisĂ©es Ă cet effet. Le travail consiste Ă une caractĂ©risation des critĂšres physico-chimiques des deux variĂ©tĂ©s suivi de la constitution des mĂ©langes Ă partir dâune farine commerciale de blĂ© tendre et des farines complĂštes dâorge et dâavoine, respectivement, comme suit ; (100% blĂ©), (orge ou avoine/blĂ©) : (10/90), (20/80) et (30/70). Sept pains (6 pains mĂ©langes et le pain contrĂŽle) ont Ă©tĂ© fabriquĂ©s Ă lâaide dâune machine Ă pain. Des tranches des pains obtenus ont subies par la suite une analyse dâimage pour les critĂšres suivants (dĂ©veloppement de la mie, aire total des alvĂ©oles, % dâalvĂ©oles dans la mie, nombre dâalvĂ©oles). Les rĂ©sultats ont montrĂ© une variabilitĂ© dans la composition des variĂ©tĂ©s utilisĂ©es, en effet la variĂ©tĂ© « Chifaa» est marquĂ©e par une forte teneur en ÎČ-glucane (7,9%) et la variĂ©tĂ© « Bounejmate » est marquĂ©e par une forte teneur en protĂ©ine (17,6%) et en lipides (10,4%). Lâajout dâavoine a induit une diminution de 44.7% du dĂ©veloppement de la mie Ă partir de 10% dâajout alors que lâorge nâa montrĂ© un effet similaire quâĂ partir de 30% dâajout. En outre, lâorge Ă 30% dâajout a montrĂ© plus dâeffet nĂ©gatif sur les alvĂ©oles de la mie qui diminuent jusquâĂ disparition de la majoritĂ©
Evidence of collaborative opportunities to ensure long-term sustainability in African farming
Farmers face the challenge of increasing production to feed a growing population and support livelihoods, whilst
also improving the sustainability and resilience of cropping systems. Understanding the key factors that influence
farming management practices is crucial for determining farmersâ adaptive capacity and willingness to engage in
cooperative strategies. To that end, we investigated management practices that farmers adopt and the factors
underlying farmersâ decision-making. We also aimed to identify the constraints that impede the adoption of
strategies perceived to increase farming resilience and to explore how the acceleration of technology adoption
through cooperation could ensure the long-term sustainability of farming. Surveys were distributed to farming
stakeholders and professionals who worked across the contrasting environments of Morocco. We used descriptive
statistics and analysis by log-linear modelling to predict the importance of factors influencing farmersâ decision-
making. The results show that influencing factors tended to cluster around environmental pressures, crop
characteristics and water availability with social drivers playing a lesser role. Subsidies were also found to be an
important factor in decision-making. Farming stakeholders generally believed that collaborative networks are
likely to facilitate the adoption of sustainable agricultural practices. We conclude that farmers need both eco-
nomic incentives and technical support to enhance their adaptive capacity as this can lessen the socioeconomic
vulnerability inherent in arid and semi-arid regions
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