Toward Digitalization of Fishing Vessels to Achieve Higher Environmental and Economic Sustainability

\ua9 2024 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society. Fishing vessels need to adapt to and mitigate climate changes, but solution development requires better information about the environment and vessel operations. Even if ships generate large amounts of potentially useful data, there is a large variety of sources and formats. This lack of standardization makes identification and use of key data challenging and hinders its use in improving operational performance and vessel design. The work described in this paper aims to provide cost-effective tools for systematic data acquisition for fishing vessels, supporting digitalization of the fishing vessel operation and performance monitoring. This digitalization is needed to facilitate the reduction of emissions as a critical environmental problem and industry costs critical for industry sustainability. The resulting monitoring system interfaces onboard systems and sensors, processes the data, and makes it available in a shared onboard data space. From this data space, 209 signals are recorded at different frequencies and uploaded to onshore servers for postprocessing. The collected data describe both ship operation, onboard energy system, and the surrounding environment. Nine of the oceanographic variables have been preselected to be potentially useful for public scientific repositories, such as Copernicus and EMODnet. The data are also used for fuel prediction models, species distribution models, and route optimization models

Synthesis of iso-C-nucleoside analogues from 1-(methyl 2-O-benzyl-4,6-O- benzylidene-3-deoxy-α-D-altropyranosid-3-yl)but-3-yn-2-ones

1-(Methyl 2-O-benzyl-4,6-O-benzylidene-3-deoxy-α-D-altropyranosid-3- yl)but-3-yn-2-one (3a) reacted with 3-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazole and 5-aminopyrazole-4-carboxylic acid derivatives in the presence of base to furnish the triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine (5) and the pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines (8a-d), respectively. Treatment of 1-(methyl 2-O-benzyl-4,6-O-benzylidene-3-deoxy- α-D-altropyranosid-3-yl)-4-phenyl-but-3-yn-2-one (3b) with cyanacetamide, 2-cyano-N-(4-methoxyphenyl)acetamide und N-aryl-3-oxo-butyramides afforded the substituted nicotinonitriles (11a-d). Furthermore, reaction of 3b with 2-benzimidazolyl-acetonitrile yielded the benz[4,5]imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-4- carbonitrile (13). Deprotection of 8d in two steps afforded the 2-amino-N-benzyl-5-(methyl 3-deoxy-α-D-altropyranosid-3-yl-methyl) pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-3-carboxamide (10). Compounds 5 and 11d were treated with AcOH/H2O to furnish the 5-(methyl 2-O-benzyl-3-deoxy-α-D- altropyranosid-3-yl-methyl)[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine (6) and the 3-acetyl-1,2-dihydro-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-(methyl 2-O-benzyl-3-deoxy-α-D- altropyranosid-3-yl-methyl)-4-phenylpyridin-2-one (12), respectively

A NOVEL INDEX OF ABUNDANCE OF JUVENILE YELLOWFIN TUNA IN THE ATLANTIC OCEAN DERIVED FROM ECHOSOUNDER BUOYS

The collaboration with the Spanish vessel-owners associations and the buoy-providers companies, has made it possible the recovery of the information recorded by the satellite linked GPS tracking echosounder buoys used by the Spanish tropical tuna purse seiners and associated fleet in the Atlantic since 2010. These instrumental buoys inform fishers remotely in real-time about the accurate geolocation of the FAD and the presence and abundance of fish aggregations underneath them. Apart from its unquestionable impact in the conception of a reliable CPUE index from the tropical purse seine tuna fisheries fishing on FADs, echosounder buoys have also the potential of being a privileged observation platform to evaluate abundances of tunas and accompanying species using catch-independent data. Current echosounder buoys provide a single acoustic value without discriminating species or size composition of the fish underneath the FAD. Therefore, it has been necessary to combine the echosounder buoys data with fishery data, species composition and average size, to obtain a specific indicator. This paper presents a novel index of abundance of juvenile yellowfin tuna in the Atlantic Ocean derived from echosounder buoys for the period 2010-2018

Evaluation of spacial resolution of a PET scanner through the simulation and experimental measurement of the Recovery coefficient

Purpose: In order to measure spatial resolution of a PET tomograph in clinical conditions, this study describes and validates a method based on the recovery coefficient, a factor required to compensate underestimation in measured radioactivity concentration for small structures. Methods: In a PET image, the recovery factors of radioactive spheres were measured and their comparison with simulated recovery coefficients yielded the tomographic spatial resolution. Following this methodology, resolution was determined in different surrounding media and several conditions for reconstruction, including clinical conditions for brain PET studies. All spatial resolution values were compared with those obtained using classical methods with point and line sources. Results: In each considered condition, spatial resolution of the PET image estimated using the recovery coefficient showed good agreement with classical methods measurements, validating the procedure. Conclusion: Measurement of the recovery coefficient provides an assessment of tomographic spatial resolution, particularly in clinical studies conditions

New MRI, 18F-DOPA and 11C-(+)-alpha-dihydrotetrabenazine templates for Macaca fascicularis neuroimaging: advantages to improve PET quantification

Normalization of neuroimaging studies to a stereotaxic space allows the utilization of standard volumes of interest (VOIs) and voxel-based analysis (SPM). Such spatial normalization of PET and MRI studies requires a high quality template image. The aim of this study was to create new MRI and PET templates of 18F-DOPA and 11C-(+)-α-dihydrotetrabenazine (11C-DTBZ) of the Macaca fascicularis brain, an important animal model of Parkinson's disease. MRI template was constructed as a smoothed average of the scans of 15 healthy animals, previously transformed into the space of one representative MRI. In order to create the PET templates, 18F-DOPA and 11C-DTBZ PET of the same subjects were acquired in a dedicated small animal PET scanner and transformed to the created MRI template space. To validate these templates for PET quantification, parametric values obtained with a standard VOI-map applied after spatial normalization to each template were statistically compared to results computed using individual VOIs drawn for each animal. The high correlation between both procedures validated the utilization of all the templates, improving the reproducibility of PET analysis. To prove the utility of the templates for voxel-based quantification, dopamine striatal depletion in a representative monkey treated with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) was assessed by SPM analysis of 11C-DTBZ PET. A symmetric reduction in striatal 11C-DTBZ uptake was detected in accordance with the induced lesion. In conclusion, templates of M. fascicularis brain have been constructed and validated for reproducible and automated PET quantification. All templates are electronically available via the internet

Genetic connectivity and hybridization with its siter species challenge the current management paradigm of white anglerfish (Lophius piscatorius)

Understanding the inter and intraspecific dynamics of fish populations is essential to promote effective management and conservation actions and to predict adaptation to changing conditions. This is possible through the analysis of thousands of genetic markers, which has proven useful to resolve connectivity among populations. Here, we have tackled this issue in the white anglerfish (Lophius piscatorius), which inhabits the Northeast Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea and coexists with its morphologically almost identical sister species, the black anglerfish (L. budegassa). Our genetic analyses based on 16,000 SNP markers and 700 samples reveal that i) the white anglerfish from the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean are genetically isolated, but that no differentiation can be observed within the later, and that ii) black and white anglerfish naturally hybridize, resulting in a population of about 20% of, most likely sterile, hybrids in some areas. These findings challenge the current paradigm of white anglerfish management, which considers three independent management units within the North East Atlantic and assumes that all mature fish have reproductive potential. Additionally, the northwards distribution of both species, likely due to temperature raises, calls for further monitoring of the abundance and distribution of hybrids to anticipate the effects of climate change in the interactions between both species and their potential resilience

Case-Control Analysis of the Impact of Anemia on Quality of Life in Patients with Cancer: A Qca Study Analysis

The impact of anemia on the quality of life (QoL) in cancer patients has been studied previously; however, the cut-off point used to define anemia differed among studies, thus providing inconsistent results. Therefore, we analysed the clinical impact of anemia on QoL using the same cut-off point for hemoglobin level to define anemia as that used in ESMO clinical practice guidelines. This post-hoc analysis aimed to determine the impact of anemia on QoL in cancer patients through the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of life questionnaire version 3.0 (EORTC QLQ-C30) and Euro QoL 5-dimension 3-level (EQ-5D-3L) questionnaire. We found that cancer patients with anemia had significantly worse QoL in clinical terms. In addition, anemic patients had more pronounced symptoms than those in non-anemic patients. Anemia is a common condition in cancer patients and is associated with a wide variety of symptoms that impair quality of life (QoL). However, exactly how anemia affects QoL in cancer patients is unclear because of the inconsistencies in its definition in previous reports. We aimed to examine the clinical impact of anemia on the QoL of cancer patients using specific questionnaires. We performed a post-hoc analysis of a multicenter, prospective, case-control study. We included patients with cancer with (cases) or without (controls) anemia. Participants completed the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life questionnaire version 3.0 (EORTC QLQ-C30) and Euro QoL 5-dimension 3-level (EQ-5D-3L) questionnaire. Statistically significant and clinically relevant differences in the global health status were examined. From 2015 to 2018, 365 patients were included (90 cases and 275 controls). We found minimally important differences in global health status according to the EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire (case vs. controls: 45.6 vs. 58%, respectively; mean difference: -12.4, p < 0.001). Regarding symptoms, cancer patients with anemia had more pronounced symptoms in six out of nine scales in comparison with those without anemia. In conclusion, cancer patients with anemia had a worse QoL both clinically and statistically

Symptom-related screening programme for early detection of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension after acute pulmonary embolism: the SYSPPE study

Background Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is the most severe long-term complication of acute pulmonary embolism (PE). We aimed to evaluate the impact of a symptom screening programme to detect CTEPH in PE survivors.Methods This was a multicentre cohort study of patients diagnosed with acute symptomatic PE between January 2017 and December 2018 in 16 centres in Spain. Patients were contacted by phone 2 years after the index PE diagnosis. Those with dyspnoea corresponding to a New York Heart Association (NYHA)/WHO scale≥II, visited the outpatient clinic for echocardiography and further diagnostic tests including right heart catheterisation (RHC). The primary outcome was the new diagnosis of CTEPH confirmed by RHC.Results Out of 1077 patients with acute PE, 646 were included in the symptom screening. At 2 years, 21.8% (n=141) reported dyspnoea NYHA/WHO scale≥II. Before symptom screening protocol, five patients were diagnosed with CTEPH following routine care. In patients with NYHA/WHO scale≥II, after symptom screening protocol, the echocardiographic probability of pulmonary hypertension (PH) was low, intermediate and high in 76.6% (n=95), 21.8% (n=27) and 1.6% (n=2), respectively. After performing additional diagnostic test in the latter 2 groups, 12 additional CTEPH cases were confirmed.Conclusions The implementation of this simple strategy based on symptom evaluation by phone diagnosed more than doubled the number of CTEPH cases. Dedicated follow-up algorithms for PE survivors help diagnosing CTEPH earlier.Thrombosis and Hemostasi