Actividad física y ajuste psicológico en estudiantes universitarios

Marco teórico: La práctica de actividad física genera grandes beneficios tanto físicos como psico-lógicos. Asimismo, las personas que realizan más actividad física llevan a cabo hábitos de vida más saludables y presentan mejoras en los niveles de diferentes variables psicológicas. Pero ¿este beneficio depende del nivel de actividad física que se practique? El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar el bien-estar psicológico de una muestra de universitarios en función del grado de actividad física realizada. Método: La muestra está compuesta por 232 participantes de 18 a 46 años (M = 21.42; DT = 3.645). De ellos, 177 eran mujeres (76.3%) y 55 varones (23.7%). En relación con la intensidad de actividad física realizada, 116 participantes presentaron un nivel de actividad física baja, 48 moderada y 37 vigoro-sa. El IMC (Índice de Masa Corporal) de la muestra es menor de 25 (M = 21.8; DT = 1.8). Las variables evaluadas han sido Actividad Física, Alexitimia, Ansiedad y Depresión, Autoestima y Dificultades en la regulación emocional. Resultados: Al analizar las diferencias en las distintas variables de interés a partir de la clasificación de intensidad de actividad física no se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente signi-ficativas, a excepción de las escalas de Alexitimia y Autoestima. Conclusiones: Estos resultados difieren de los encontrados previamente en la literatura científica, pudiendo deberse a la homogeneidad de las características sociodemográficas de la muestraTheoretical framework: The practice of physical activity generates great physical and psychological benefits. Likewise, people who are more physically active lead healthier life habits and show impro-vements in the levels of different psychological variables. However, does this benefit depend on the level of physical activity practiced? The aim of this study was to analyze the psychological well-being of a sample of university students as a function of the degree of physical activity performed. Methods: The sample consisted of 232 participants aged 18 to 46 years (M = 21.42; SD = 3.645). Of these, 177 were female (76.3%) and 55 male (23.7%). In relation to the intensity of physical activity performed, 116 participants presented a low level of physical activity, 48 moderate and 37 vigorous. The BMI (Body Mass Index) of the sample was less than 25 (M = 21.8; SD = 1.8). The variables evaluated were Physi-cal Activity, Alexithymia, Anxiety and Depression, Self-esteem and Difficulties in emotional regulation. Results: When analyzing the differences between variables of interest based on the levels of intensity of physical activity, no statistically significant differences were found, except for the Alexithymia and Self-esteem scales. Conclusions: These results differ from those previously found in the scientific lite-rature, which may be due to the homogeneity of the sociodemographic characteristics of the sampl

Aplicación de programas de entrenamiento en habilidades para cuidadores españoles de pacientes con un trastorno de la conducta alimentaria

Background: The aim of this research was to conduct a pilot study to measure the effectiveness of the Collaborative Care Skills Training Workshops (CCSTW) on the outcomes of Spanish carers and to analyse the impact of this programme on the patient’s wellbeing. We used psychoeducation as a comparison intervention in the study. Method: The study compared two forms of carer workshops. 64 carers and 37 eating disorder patients participated in this study. Carers were randomised to either the CCSTW or the Psycho-educational programme. This study used an experimental intervention design with evaluations before, after and at a 3-month follow-up. Results: Carers receiving both intervention programmes showed an improvement in wellbeing indicating a benefit from the training. The course of burden, psychological distress, expressed emotion and illness perception was similar in the two groups. In patients whose caregivers had participated in CCSTW programme the levels of anxiety, depression and psychological distress decreased. Conclusions: These findings suggest that carer distress, burden, illness perception and expressed emotion can be alleviated if they are helped in this role. There appear to be secondary benefits of the CCSTW on patients’ wellbeing.Antecedentes: el objetivo de esta investigación fue llevar a cabo un estudio piloto para evaluar la efectividad de los Talleres de Cuidado Colaborativo (CCSTW) en cuidadores españoles de pacientes con un trastorno alimentario y analizar el impacto de este programa en el bienestar del paciente. Método: este estudio comparó dos programas para cuidadores. Los cuidadores fueron asignados aleatoriamente a un programa psicoeducativo o a CCSTW. Participaron 64 cuidadores y 37 pacientes con un trastorno alimentario. Este estudio utilizó un diseño experimental con medidas pre-post y a los 3 meses de seguimiento. Resultados: los cuidadores de ambos programas mostraron una mejora en el bienestar que indica el beneficio de ambas intervenciones. La evolución de la carga del cuidador, el malestar psicológico, la emoción expresada y la percepción de la enfermedad fueron similares en los dos grupos. En los pacientes, cuyos cuidadores habían participado en el programa CCSTW, los niveles de ansiedad, depresión y malestar psicológico disminuyeron. Conclusión: estos resultados sugieren que el malestar del cuidador, la carga, la percepción de enfermedad y la emoción expresada pueden aliviarse si se les ayuda en este rol. Se encuentran beneficios secundarios de los CCSTW en el bienestar de los pacientes.This work was supported by a project funding from the Ministry of Science and Innovation (PI10/01793)

The beginnings of the Neolithic in the southern Valencian region: on the Cova dels Calderons (La Romana, Alicante)

RESUMEN: El estudio del Neolítico en el Levante de la península Ibérica cuenta con una larga trayectoria investigadora, siendo bien conocido en algunos valles como el Serpis o el Clariano. La excavación de un buen número de yacimientos en cueva y al aire libre ha posibilitado que esta zona sea un referente destacado a escala peninsular y del Mediterráneo occidental. Sin embargo, otras cuencas fluviales muy cercanas como la del río Vinalopó no han contado hasta el momento con suficientes bases secuenciales para su caracterización. Las primeras propuestas, establecidas a partir de los restos materiales hallados en diversos yacimientos al aire libre y en cueva, habían llevado a considerar que el proceso de neolitización se iniciaría a finales del VI milenio cal BC, casi medio siglo después de la presencia de comunidades agrícolas a lo largo del río Serpis. El proceso de implantación neolítica en el Vinalopó debía explicarse, por tanto, como resultado de la expansión poblacional desde el Serpis. Sin embargo, nuevas excavaciones y estudios vienen a ampliar el abanico de posibles explicaciones. Así, a propósito de las evidencias arqueológicas documentadas en la excavación de la Cova dels Calderons (La Romana, Alicante), se exponen nuevos datos sobre la ocupación neolítica, en especial sedimentológicos, paleobotánicos, arqueozoológicos y nuevas dataciones absolutas, que permiten reflexionar sobre el proceso de neolitización de las tierras meridionales valencianas y, más en concreto, de la cuenca del río Vinalopó. Ello permite configurar una nueva hipótesis que viene a considerar que la presencia de grupos neolíticos en dicho territorio es más antigua que lo planteado hasta la fecha. Esta hipótesis, a su vez, lleva a inferir dos nuevos escenarios posibles: o bien, que el momento de llegada de los primeros grupos neolíticos a las tierras del norte de Alicante fue más antiguo de lo propuesto, o bien que la procedencia planteada para las primeras poblaciones neolíticas del sur de Alicante no sea la hasta ahora considerada - origen en cuencas más septentrionales como la del Serpis -, siendo la vía sur la más probable.ABSTRACT: The study of the Neolithic in the Levant of the Iberian Peninsula has a long research trajectory, being well known in some river valleys such as Serpis or Clariano. The excavation of a large number of cave and open-air deposits has made this area an outstanding reference on a peninsular scale and in the western Mediterranean. However, other nearby river basins such as the Vinalopó basin have not yet had sufficient sequential bases for their characterization. The first proposals, established from the material remains found in various open-air sites and in caves, had led to consider that the process of neolithization would begin at the end of the sixth millennium cal BC, almost half a century after the presence of agricultural communities along the Serpis river. The process of Neolithic implantation in the Vinalopó had to be explained, therefore, as a result of the population expansion from the Serpis. However, new excavations and studies come to expand the range of possible explanations. Regarding the archaeological evidence documented during the excavations at Cova dels Calderons (La Romana, Alicante), we present new data, especially sedimentological, paleobotanical, archeozoological and new absolute dates. These allow us to reflect on the neolithization process of the territories in the Southern Valencian region, specifically in the Vinalopó river basin. These data make possible to formulate a new hypothesis which considers that the presence of Neolithic groups in that territory would occur much earlier than it was considered to date. This hypothesis leads us to two new possible scenarios: either the arrival of the first Neolithic groups to the northern areas of Alicante occurred in earlier times, or the origin of the first Neolithic populations in the southern areas of Alicante is not what it has been thought to date -northern basins such as the Serpis river one-. Considering this, the southern route to access these areas seems the most possible option.LABURPENA: Iberiar penintsulako Levante aldean Neolitikoaren azterketak ibilbide luzea du ikerketari dagokionez, eta oso ezagunak dira haran batzuk, hala nola Serpis edo Clariano. Leizean eta aire zabalean aztarnategi kopuru handia induskatu direnez, eremu hori erreferente nabarmena da penintsula mailan eta mendebaldeko Mediterraneoan. Hala ere, oso gertu dauden beste ibai-arro batzuetan, Vinalopó ibaian, esaterako, ez dira orain arte karakterizatu ahal izateko nahikoa oinarri sekuentzial bildu. Aire zabalean eta leizean dauden aztarnategi ugaritan topatutako hondakin material ugaritatik abiatuta egindako lehen proposamenen arabera, uste izan da neolitizazio-prozesua cal BC VI milurte amaieran hasiko zela, Serpis ibaian zehar nekazaritzako komunitateen presentzia baino ia mende erdi geroago. Vinalopóko ezarpen neolitikoaren prozesua, beraz, Serpisetik populazioa zabaldu izanaren ondorioa dela uste da. Baina egindako indusketa eta azterketa berriek azalpen posibleak ugaritu dituzte. Hala, Cova dels Calderons-eko (La Romana, Alacant) indusketan dokumentatutako ebidentzia arkeologikoak direla eta, okupazio neolitikoaren inguruan datu eta datazio absolutu berriak agertu dira, bereziki sedimentologikoak, paleobotanikoak eta arkeozoologikoak. Horrek guztiak Valentziako hegoaldeko lurretako, eta zehatzago, Vinalopó ibai-arroko neolitizazio-prozesuari buruz hausnartzea ahalbidetzen du. Hala, hipotesi berri bat eragin du: lurralde horretan talde neolitikoen presentzia izan zitekeen orain arte planteatutako data baino lehenagotik. Hipotesi horrek, era berean, bi egoera posible berri dakartza: alde batetik, lehen talde neolitikoak Alacant iparraldera proposatutako data baino lehen iritsi izana, edo beste alde batetik, Alacant hegoaldeko lehen populazio neolitikoetarako planteatutako jatorria ez izatea orain arte kontuan hartutakoa (iparralderago dauden lekuetatik etorri izana, adibidez Serpisetik), eta hegoaldeko bidea izatea probableena

ATLAS search for a heavy gauge boson decaying to a charged lepton and a neutrino in pp collisions at root s=7 TeV

The ATLAS detector at the LHC is used to search for high-mass states, such as heavy charged gauge bosons (W'), decaying to a charged lepton (electron or muon) and a neutrino. Results are presented based on the analysis of pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.7 fb(-1). No excess beyond Standard Model expectations is observed. A W' with Sequential Standard Model couplings is excluded at the 95 % credibility level for masses up to 2.55 TeV. Excited chiral bosons (W*) with equivalent coupling strength are excluded for masses up to 2.42 TeV

Dynamics of isolated-photon plus jet production in pp collisions at root s=7 TeV with the ATLAS detector

The dynamics of isolated-photon plus jet production in pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV has been studied with the ATLAS detector at the LHC using an integrated luminosity of 37 pb(-1). Measurements of isolated-photon plus jet bin-averaged cross sections are presented as functions of photon transverse energy, jet transverse momentum and jet rapidity. In addition, the bin-averaged cross sections as functions of the difference between the azimuthal angles of the photon and the jet, the photon jet invariant mass and the scattering angle in the photon jet centre-of-mass frame have been measured. Next-to-leading-order QCD calculations are compared to the measurements and provide a good description of the data, except for the case of the azimuthal opening angle

Measurement of the production cross section of prompt J/ψ mesons in association with a W ± boson in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector

Aad, G. et al.The process pp → W ± J/ψ provides a powerful probe of the production mechanism of charmonium in hadronic collisions, and is also sensitive to multiple parton interactions in the colliding protons. Using the 2011 ATLAS dataset of 4.5 fb−1 of s√ = 7 TeV pp collisions at the LHC, the first observation is made of the production of W ± + prompt J/ψ events in hadronic collisions, using W ± → μν μ and J/ψ → μ + μ −. A yield of 27.4+7.5−6.5 W ± + prompt J/ψ events is observed, with a statistical significance of 5.1σ. The production rate as a ratio to the inclusive W ± boson production rate is measured, and the double parton scattering contribution to the cross section is estimated.We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWF and FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, DNSRC and Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; EPLANET, ERC and NSRF, European Union; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNSF, Georgia; BMBF, DFG, HGF, MPG and AvH Foundation, Germany; GSRT and NSRF, Greece; ISF, MINERVA, GIF, DIP and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM and NWO, Netherlands; BRF and RCN, Norway; MNiSW and NCN, Poland; GRICES and FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MES of Russia and ROSATOM, Russian Federation; JINR; MSTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MIZˇS, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MINECO, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SER, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; NSC, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, the Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America.Peer reviewe

Measurement of the cross-section for W boson production in association with b-jets in pp collisions at root s=7 TeV with the ATLAS detector

This paper reports a measurement of the W+b-jets (W+b+X and W+b (b) over bar +X) production cross-section in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV at the LHC. These results are based on data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.6 fb(-1), collected with the ATLAS detector. Cross-sections are presented as a function of jet multiplicity and of the transverse momentum of the leading b-jet for both the muon and electron decay modes of the W boson. The W+b-jets cross-section, corrected for all known detector effects, is quoted in a limited kinematic range. Combining the muon and electron channels, the fiducial cross-section for W+b-jets is measured to be 7.1 +/- 0.5 (stat) +/- 1.4 (syst) pb, consistent with the next-to-leading order QCD prediction, corrected for non-perturbative and double-parton interactions (DPI) contributions, of 4.70 +/- 0.09 (stat) (+0.60)(-0.49) (scale) +/- 0.06 (PDF) +/- 0.16 (non-pert) (+0.52)(-0.38) (DPI) pb

Search for WZ resonances in the fully leptonic channel using pp collisions at s=8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

A search for resonant WZ production in the ℓνℓ'ℓ' (ℓ,ℓ'=e,μ) decay channel using 20.3 fb-1 of s=8TeV pp collision data collected by the ATLAS experiment at LHC is presented. No significant deviation from the Standard Model prediction is observed and upper limits on the production cross sections of WZ resonances from an extended gauge model W' and from a simplified model of heavy vector triplets are derived. A corresponding observed (expected) lower mass limit of 1.52 (1.49) TeV is derived for the W' at the 95% confidence level.Peer Reviewe

Measurement of the flavour composition of dijet events in pp collisions at √s =7 TeV with the ATLAS detector

This paper describes a measurement of the flavour composition of dijet events produced in pp collisions at root s = 7 TeV using the ATLAS detector. The measurement uses the full 2010 data sample, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 39 pb(-1). Six possible combinations of light, charm and bottom jets are identified in the dijet events, where the jet flavour is defined by the presence of bottom, charm or solely light flavour hadrons in the jet. Kinematic variables, based on the properties of displaced decay vertices and optimised for jet flavour identification, are used in a multidimensional template fit to measure the fractions of these dijet flavour states as functions of the leading jet transverse momentum in the range 40 GeV to 500 GeV and jet rapidity vertical bar y vertical bar < 2.1. The fit results agree with the predictions of leading-and next-to-leading-order calculations, with the exception of the dijet fraction composed of bottom and light flavour jets, which is underestimated by all models at large transverse jet momenta. The ability to identify jets containing two b-hadrons, originating from e. g. gluon splitting, is demonstrated. The difference between bottom jet production rates in leading and subleading jets is consistent with the next-to-leading-order predictions

Search for dark matter candidates and large extra dimensions in events with a jet and missing transverse momentum with the ATLAS detector

A search for new phenomena in events with a high-energy jet and large missing transverse momentum is performed using data from proton-proton collisions at root s = 7 TeV with the ATLAS experiment at the Large flatiron Collider. Four kinematic regions are explored using a dataset corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.7 fb(-1). No excess of events beyond expectations from Standard Model processes is observed, and limits are set on large extra dimensions and the pair production of dark matter particles