HOMO AND HETEROPOLYNUCLEAR NEW OXALATOORGANOTIN (IV) ADDUCTS. AN INFRARED AND MÖSSBAUER STUDY

Six new oxalato homo (Sn only) and hetero (Sn, Cd, Sb) polynuclear adducts have been obtained on allowing (Me4N)2(C2O4)∙2H2O to react with SnPh2Cl2 or (Me4N)2(C2O4)SnPh2∙H2O to react with SnPh2Cl2, SnMe2Cl2, CdCl2, CdBr2∙4H2O or SbCl3 in specific ratio. The obtained adducts have been studied by elemental analyses and infrared spectroscopy and structures suggested on the basis of the spectroscopic data

Prognostic model to predict postoperative acute kidney injury in patients undergoing major gastrointestinal surgery based on a national prospective observational cohort study.

Background: Acute illness, existing co-morbidities and surgical stress response can all contribute to postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients undergoing major gastrointestinal surgery. The aim of this study was prospectively to develop a pragmatic prognostic model to stratify patients according to risk of developing AKI after major gastrointestinal surgery. Methods: This prospective multicentre cohort study included consecutive adults undergoing elective or emergency gastrointestinal resection, liver resection or stoma reversal in 2-week blocks over a continuous 3-month period. The primary outcome was the rate of AKI within 7 days of surgery. Bootstrap stability was used to select clinically plausible risk factors into the model. Internal model validation was carried out by bootstrap validation. Results: A total of 4544 patients were included across 173 centres in the UK and Ireland. The overall rate of AKI was 14·2 per cent (646 of 4544) and the 30-day mortality rate was 1·8 per cent (84 of 4544). Stage 1 AKI was significantly associated with 30-day mortality (unadjusted odds ratio 7·61, 95 per cent c.i. 4·49 to 12·90; P < 0·001), with increasing odds of death with each AKI stage. Six variables were selected for inclusion in the prognostic model: age, sex, ASA grade, preoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate, planned open surgery and preoperative use of either an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or an angiotensin receptor blocker. Internal validation demonstrated good model discrimination (c-statistic 0·65). Discussion: Following major gastrointestinal surgery, AKI occurred in one in seven patients. This preoperative prognostic model identified patients at high risk of postoperative AKI. Validation in an independent data set is required to ensure generalizability

Effects of fluoxetine on functional outcomes after acute stroke (FOCUS): a pragmatic, double-blind, randomised, controlled trial

Background Results of small trials indicate that fluoxetine might improve functional outcomes after stroke. The FOCUS trial aimed to provide a precise estimate of these effects. Methods FOCUS was a pragmatic, multicentre, parallel group, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial done at 103 hospitals in the UK. Patients were eligible if they were aged 18 years or older, had a clinical stroke diagnosis, were enrolled and randomly assigned between 2 days and 15 days after onset, and had focal neurological deficits. Patients were randomly allocated fluoxetine 20 mg or matching placebo orally once daily for 6 months via a web-based system by use of a minimisation algorithm. The primary outcome was functional status, measured with the modified Rankin Scale (mRS), at 6 months. Patients, carers, health-care staff, and the trial team were masked to treatment allocation. Functional status was assessed at 6 months and 12 months after randomisation. Patients were analysed according to their treatment allocation. This trial is registered with the ISRCTN registry, number ISRCTN83290762. Findings Between Sept 10, 2012, and March 31, 2017, 3127 patients were recruited. 1564 patients were allocated fluoxetine and 1563 allocated placebo. mRS data at 6 months were available for 1553 (99·3%) patients in each treatment group. The distribution across mRS categories at 6 months was similar in the fluoxetine and placebo groups (common odds ratio adjusted for minimisation variables 0·951 [95% CI 0·839–1·079]; p=0·439). Patients allocated fluoxetine were less likely than those allocated placebo to develop new depression by 6 months (210 [13·43%] patients vs 269 [17·21%]; difference 3·78% [95% CI 1·26–6·30]; p=0·0033), but they had more bone fractures (45 [2·88%] vs 23 [1·47%]; difference 1·41% [95% CI 0·38–2·43]; p=0·0070). There were no significant differences in any other event at 6 or 12 months. Interpretation Fluoxetine 20 mg given daily for 6 months after acute stroke does not seem to improve functional outcomes. Although the treatment reduced the occurrence of depression, it increased the frequency of bone fractures. These results do not support the routine use of fluoxetine either for the prevention of post-stroke depression or to promote recovery of function. Funding UK Stroke Association and NIHR Health Technology Assessment Programme

INTERACTIONS BETWEEN (Me[sub]4[/sub]N)[sub]2[/sub](C[sub]2[/sub]O[sub]4[/sub])[sub]2[/sub]SnPh2•H[sub]2[/sub]O AND SnC[sub]l2[/sub]•2H[sub]2[/sub]O: (Me[sub]4[/sub]N)[sub]2[/sub](C[sub]2[/sub]O[sub]4[/sub])[sub]2[/sub]SnPh[sub]2[/sub]•2SnCl[sub]4[/sub] OR (Me[sub]4[/sub]N)[sub]2[/sub](C[sub]2[/sub]O[sub]4[/sub])[sub]2[/sub]SnCl[sub]2[/sub]•2SnPhCl[sub]3[/sub] ? THE MÖSSBAUER EFFECT SOLUTION

The study of the interactions between (Me[sub]4[/sub]N)[sub]2[/sub](C[sub]2[/sub]O[sub]4[/sub])SnPh[sub]2[/sub]•H[sub]2[/sub]O and SnCl[sub]2[/sub]•2H[sub]2[/sub]O in EtOH has yielded a trinuclear adduct which Mössbauer study has allowed to choose (Me[sub]4[/sub]N)[sub]2[/sub](C[sub]2[/sub]O[sub]4[/sub])[sub]2[/sub]SnCl[sub]2[/sub]•2SnPhCl[sub]3[/sub] rather than (Me[sub]4[/sub]N)[sub]2[/sub](C[sub]2[/sub]O[sub]4[/sub])[sub]2[/sub]SnPh[sub]2[/sub]•2SnCl[sub]4[/sub] for formula, the oxalate anion behaving as a bichelating ligand, the environment around the tin (IV) centre being octahedral

NEW MX2 OXALATO POLYNUCLEAR ADDUCTS (M = Cd, Hg, Zn; X = Cl, Br): SYNTHESIS AND INFRARED STUDY

Nine mono-, di- and trinuclear MX2 oxalato adducts have been synthesized, their infrared study carried out. The suggested structures are ionic, the oxalate anion behaving as a chelating ligand. Cage structures, when non symmetrical cations are involved,have been suggested

Et4NC2O4SnPh3 center dot 2SnPh(3)Cl and Cy2NH2C2O4SnPh3 center dot 2SnPh(3)Cl: Synthesis and Spectroscopic Characterization

Two trinuclear oxalato tin (IV) adducts have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, infrared and Mossbauer techniques. The suggested structures are discrete, oligomeric or polymeric, the anion behaving as a monochelating and bidentate ligand in one case while being a tetracoordinating ligand in the second one The environment of the tin centre is trigonal bipyramidal, the SnPh3 residue being cis or trans coordinated

Interactions between (Me4N)(2)C2O4 center dot SnPh2C2O4 center dot H2O and some Lewis acids: Synthesis, IR and Mossbauer studies of new trinuclear dioxalato complexes

Five new trinuclear dioxalato diphenyltin (IV) adducts with SnR2Cl2, (R = Ph, Bu, Me), CdCl2 and SbCl3 have been synthesized Discrete structures have been suggested on the basis of infrared and Mossbauer data, the oxalate behaving as a bichelating ligand

Synthesis and spectroscopic characterization of some new oxalate Snph2x (X = Cl, Ncs, Ncse) containing derivatives and adduct

Six new oxalato chlorodiorganostannic derivatives and adduct have been synthesized, their infrared and Mössbauer studies carried out..