Cuidados de enfermería al paciente urostomizado

El trabajo consiste en describir los cuidados integrales e individualizados a un paciente portador de una urostomía, detectando los problemas de salud tanto reales como potenciales, teniendo en cuenta el estado del paciente y las necesidades del mismo. Dicha descripción la realizaré siguiendo un lenguaje estandarizado según NANDA, NIC, NOC, con el objetivo de conseguir una adecuada explicación de los cuidados a dicho paciente durante su hospitalización así como al alta hospitalaria. Lo complementaré con imágenes reales de la urostomía y de los dispositivos utilizados para sus cuidados los cuales clarificarán aún más la descripción del caso

La prevalencia de depresión en cuidadores de mayores no dementes y su problemática

El progresivo envejecimiento de la población hace que muchos familiares deban hacerse cargo de algunos de sus miembros con incapacidad. El ser cuidador principal es un riesgo de sobrecarga de padecer depresión, aunque no queda aclarado el ingrediente "demencia" como elemento influyente en la depresión del cuidador. El tipo de enfermedad o limitación del mayor puede no ser tan importante a la hora de explicar los problemas emocionales de los cuidadores. Es importante anotar que la depresión al igual que la ansiedad son entidades subdiagnosticadas tanto en cuidadores como no cuidadores, haciendo que no existan a tiempo a los servicios sanitarios

Maltrato doméstico: P.A.E.

El actual artículo pretende reunir aquellos diagnósticos de enfermería (NANDA) que aparecen de forma más frecuente en los casos de violencia doméstica y relacionarlos con sus respectivas intervenciones, objetivos y resultados, desarrollando un caso “tipo” basado en un caso clínico real de violencia doméstica

Scale‑free behavioral cascades and effective leadership in schooling fish

Behavioral contagion and the presence of behavioral cascades are natural features in groups of animals showing collective motion, such as schooling fish or grazing herbivores. Here we study empirical behavioral cascades observed in fish schools defined as avalanches of consecutive large changes in the heading direction of the trajectory of fish. In terms of a minimum turning angle introduced to define a large change, avalanches are characterized by distributions of size and duration showing scale-free signatures, reminiscent of self-organized critical behavior. We observe that avalanches are generally triggered by a small number of fish, which act as effective leaders that induce large rearrangements of the group's trajectory. This observation motivates the proposal of a simple model, based in the classical Vicsek model of collective motion, in which a given individual acts as a leader subject to random heading reorientations. The model reproduces qualitatively the empirical avalanche behavior observed in real schools, and hints towards a connection between effective leadership, long range interactions and avalanche behavior in collective movement

Caracterización gravimétrica y magnética de controles estructurales en depósitos de Sn-W. Ejemplo del yacimiento de San Finx (A Coruña)

Critical raw materials are essential for the development of our society. However, most shallow ores have already been exploited and only deep targets remain unexplored. This work aims to apply indi-rect geophysical techniques to the San Finx Sn-W deposit (A Coruña) in order to get further constrains of its deep structure and geometry. Accordingly, a magnetic and a gravity survey have been carried out in the area (SE of Noia, A Coruña), at the southern part of the Mal-pica-Tui Complex. The resulting absolute magnetic anomaly and the relative gravity anomaly have been studied analytically and through 2-2.75D forward modeling. Results indicate that, the sampling inter-val (~1 km) is too high to characterize the anomalies related to the Sn-W mineralization. Contrarily, they show the potential field imprint of the regional Variscan tectonics. To better assess the relationship between the regional Variscan tectonics and the mineralization, a higher resolution survey should be acquired to detect this depositLas materias primas críticas son fundamentales para el desarro-llo de nuestra sociedad. Sin embargo, la mayoría de los yacimientos poco profundos ya han sido explotados, quedando únicamente sin explorar los objetivos profundos. En este trabajo se presentan los re-sultados de la aplicación de técnicas geofísicas indirectas al estudio del yacimiento de Sn-W de San Finx (A Coruña). Su objetivo es cons-treñir la geometría y estructura del yacimiento en profundidad. En este sentido, se ha realizado una campaña de adquisición de datos magnéticos y gravimétricos en dicha zona (SE de Noia, A Coruña) en la parte sur del Complejo Malpica-Tui. La anomalía magnética absoluta y la anomalía gravimétrica relativa resultante se han estu-diado analíticamente y mediante modelización directa 2-2,75D. Los resultados indican que el intervalo de muestreo usado (~1 km) es muy alto para individualizar la respuesta magnética y gravimétrica del yacimiento. Sin embargo, los mapas obtenidos muestran que la signatura de campos potenciales está ligada a la tectónica Varisca a gran escala. Encontrar la relación entre esta última y la mineraliza-ción y hacer un muestreo geofísico de alta resolución en la zona son la clave para entender este depósit

Influence of different dietary fats on triacylglycerol deposition in rat adipose tissue

It has been demonstrated that triacylglycerol (TAG) mobilization from adipose tissue is selective and depends on fatty acid (FA) chain length, unsaturation and positional isomerism. The present study was performed to determine the influence of dietary fat on the composition of TAG stored in rat perirenal and subcutaneous adipose tissues. These results may provide information on the susceptibility of stored TAG to hydrolysis and further mobilization, and may help to establish an interrelationship between dietary composition and the FA efflux from adipose tissue. TAG molecular species and FA composition were determined by HPLC and GLC respectively. No significant differences were found in either FA or TAG composition between perirenal and subcutaneous adipose depots. The major FA in the dietary fats were present in the adipose tissues of the animals; in most cases, in similar proportions. However, differences were found between dietary and adipose tissue content of minor FA, which suggests that dietary FA composition is altered between ingestion and deposition in adipose tissue. The TAG molecular species of rat adipose tissue were enriched with the FA characteristic of each dietary fat. Dietary sunflower oil was responsible for enrichment with the most polar TAG. This finding may suggest easier mobilization of stored TAG. In conclusion, the process of fatty acid and TAG deposition in rat adipose tissue is selective, and depends on the composition of the diet.Supported by grants (OLI96-2126 and ALI99-0863) from the Comisión Interministerial de Ciencia y Tecnología (CICYT) and the Government of the País Vasco (PI 96/22) and by a felIowship from this Government

Different taxonomic and functional indices complement the understanding of herb-layer community assembly patterns in a southern-limit temperate forest

The efficient conservation of vulnerable ecosystems in the face of global change requires a complete understanding of how plant communities respond to various environmental factors. We aim to demonstrate that a combined use of different approaches, traits, and indices representing each of the taxonomic and functional characteristics of plant communities will give complementary information on the factors driving vegetation assembly patterns. We analyzed variation across an environmental gradient in taxonomic and functional composition, richness, and diversity of the herb-layer of a temperate beech-oak forest that was located in northern Spain. We measured species cover and four functional traits: leaf dry matter content (LDMC), specific leaf area (SLA), leaf size, and plant height. We found that light is the most limiting resource influencing herb-layer vegetation. Taxonomic changes in richness are followed by equivalent functional changes in the diversity of leaf size but by opposite responses in the richness of SLA. Each functional index is related to different environmental factors even within a single trait (particularly for LDMC and leaf size). To conclude, each characteristic of a plant community is influenced by different and even contrasting factors or processes. Combining different approaches, traits, and indices simultaneously will help us understand how plant communities work

Chemical composition and bioactivity potential of the new endosequence BC Sealer formulación hiflow

Aim To evaluate in a laboratory setting the effects of Endosequence BC Sealer HiFlow (Brasseler USA, Savannah, GA, USA), a novel calcium silicate-based sealer developed for use in warm canal filling techniques, on human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs). Methodology Eluates of EndoSequence BC Sealer HiFlow (BCHiF) (Brasseler USA), EndoSequence BC Sealer (BCS) (Brasseler USA) and AH Plus (AHP) (Dentsply DeTrey GmbH, Konstanz, Germany), were placed in contact with hPDLSCs. The characterisation of the chemical elements of the root canal sealers was assessed using Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM-EDX). Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to determine the ion release of the sealers. MTT assay and wound healing techniques were used to determine cell viability and migration, respectively. Cell morphology and cell attachment were assessed using a direct contact technique of hPDLSCs onto the surface of the sealers and analysed by SEM. The bioactivity potential was carried out with the Alizarin Red and qPCR testing methods. The statistical differences were evaluated using one-way ANOVA and Tukey´s test (p0.05). Both BCS and BCHiF had similar rates of cell migration to the control group at 24 and 48 hours. Cell morphology and adhesion capacity were also similar for BCS and BCHiF groups, while the AHP group was associated with reduced adhesion capacity. The Alizarin Red assay revealed a significant difference between the BCS and the control group (p<0.001), as well as for the BCHiF group (p<0.001). Finally, BCS and BCHiF promoted overexpression of osteo/cementogenic genes. Conclusions In general, EndoSequence BC Sealer HiFlow possesses suitable biological properties to be safely used as a root canal filling material and promote increased expression of oste/cementogenic genes by hPDLSCs

Comparative cytocompatibility and mineralization potential of Bio-C Sealer and TotalFill BC Sealer.

Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the cytocompatibility and mineralization potential of two premixed hydraulic endodontic sealers compared with an epoxy resin-based root canal sealer. The cellular responses and mineralization capacity were studied in human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) that were exposed to premixed hydraulic sealers, Bio-C Sealer (Angelus, Londrína, PR, Brazil), TotalFill BC Sealer (FKG Dentaire SA, La-Chaux-de-fonds, Switzerland) and an epoxy resin-based material, AH Plus (Dentsply De Trey, Konstanz, Germany). Non-exposed cultures served as the control. The endodontic sealers were assessed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDX). Statistical analyses were done using Analisis of Variance (ANOVA), with Bonferroni adjusted pairwise comparison (p = 0.05). AH Plus reduced cell viability and cell migration, whereas increased cell viability and cell migration were observed in the Bio-C Sealer and the TotalFill BC Sealer (p < 0.05). The lowest cell attachment and spreading were observed for all concentrations of AH Plus, whereas the highest were observed for TotalFill BC Sealer. At the end of 21 days, only the Bio-C Sealer and the TotalFill BC Sealer supported matrix mineralization (p < 0.05). Additionally, SEM-EDX revealed high content of calcium, oxygen, and silicon in the Bio-C Sealer and the TotalFill BC Sealer. Based on the results from this study, Bio-C Sealer and TotalFill BC Sealer demonstrated better cytocompatibility in terms of cell viability, migration, cell morphology, cell attachment, and mineralization capacity than AH Plus

Biological effeects of new hydraulic materials on human periodontal ligament stem cells

Abstract: Background: The aim of this study was: to evaluate the biological properties of new hydraulic materials: Bio-C Repair and Bio-C Sealer. Methods: Periodontal ligament stem cells were exposed to several dilutions of Bio-C Repair and Bio-C Sealer. The ion release profile and pH were determined. Metabolic activity, cell migration and cell survival were assessed using the 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), wound-healing assays and Annexin assays, respectively. Cells were cultured in direct contact with the surface of each material. These were then analyzed via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX). Statistical differences were assessed using a two-way ANOVA (α < 0.05). Results: Similar pH was observed in these cements. Bio-C Sealer released significantly more Ca and Si ions (p < 0.05) in comparison with Bio-C Repair. Undiluted Bio-C Sealer induced a significant reduction on cellular viability, cell survival and cell migration when compared to the control (p < 0.05). Moreover, SEM showed abundant cells adhered on Bio-C Repair and a moderate number of cells attached on Bio-C Sealer. Finally, EDX analysis identified higher percentages of Ca and O in the case of Bio-C repair than with Bio-C sealer, while other elements such as Zr and Si were more abundant in Bio-C sealer. Conclusions: Bio-C Repair displayed higher cell viability, cell adhesion and migration rates than Bio-C Sealer