Chest Wall Injury -Weightlifting

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Chest Wall Pain in a Recreational Weightlifter

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Aerobic and facultative anaerobic heterotrophic bacteria associated to Mediterranean oysters and seawater

A comparative study on the composition and seasonal fluctuations of the main heterotrophic bacterial groups and species isolated from Mediterranean oysters and their growing-seawater was carried out. For the study we used 574 strains isolated from Marine Agar (MA) and submitted to numerical analysis of phenotypic traits in previous studies, plus 323 isolates recovered on Thiosulphate Citrate Bile Sucrose (TCBS) agar from the same samples and identified in this study. Oyster samples were dominated by halophilic fermentative bacteria during most of the year with predominance of two Vibrio species, V. splendidus (at temperatures lower than 20°C), and V. harveyi (at higher temperatures). On the contrary, Vibrio spp. was not the predominant microbiota of seawater, where most isolates had remained unidentified but corresponded to α-Proteobacteria, as shown by rDNA hybridization with phylogenetic probes in this study. Among the strict aerobes that could be identified, none of them showed a clear dominance, and many different groups were represented in very low percentages, in contrast with the major species from oyster samples. Shannon-Weaver diversity index revealed significant differences between both types of samples. No apparent seasonality was found in the distribution of seawater species, in sharp contrast with oyster-associated [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]

Chryseobacterium potabilaquae sp. nov., Chryseobacterium aquaeductus sp. nov. and Chryseobacterium fistulae sp. nov., from drinking water systems

A polyphasic taxonomic study was conducted on three strains isolated from drinking water systems that had previously been deposited as Chryseobacterium species at the Spanish Type Culture Collection in order to complete their classification. Strains CECT 9293T, CECT 9390T and CECT 9393T were isolated from sites in Barcelona, Spain, in the framework of a project aimed at generating the first MALDI-TOF database specific for bacteria present in water for human consumption. Their partial 16S rRNA sequences showed that their closest relatives among the type strains of Chryseobacterium exhibited 98 % similarity or less, supporting their taxonomic novelty. At the same time, comparison between them revealed that strains CECT 9293T and CECT 9393T could perhaps be related at the species level as they shared 99.5 % similarity. However, whole genome sequencing was performed and the subsequent calculation of relatedness indices, average nucleotide identity and estimated DNA-DNA hybridization, ruled out that possibility and confirmed instead that each of the strains should be considered a separate species in the genus Chryseobacterium. Having clarified their status, we also performed phylogenomic analyses and searched for possible environmental or non-type material sequences that could be related to any of them at the species level. In parallel, the strains were characterized phenotypically and compared to their closest relatives to determine diagnostic traits to support their formal proposal. The proposed species are Chryseobacterium potabilaquae sp. nov. with the type strain CECT 9293T (=LMG 32084T), Chryseobacterium aquaeductus sp. nov. with the type strain CECT 9390T (=LMG 32085T) and Chryseobacterium fistulae sp. nov. with the type strain CECT 9393T (=LMG 32086T)

La cicatrización de las heridas

La cicatrización es un proceso biológico encaminado a la reparación correcta de las heridas, por medio de reacciones e interacciones celulares, cuya proliferación y diferenciación esta mediada por citoquinas, liberadas al medio extracelular. Las fases de la cicatrización se dividen en inflamación, proliferación y maduración. La inflamación es la liberación de componentes de la sangre. Durante la fase proliferativa se dan dos procesos paralelos e interdependientes. Uno es la formación de un nuevo tejido conectivo rico en fibroblastos y macrófagos, y con una matriz extracelular de colágeno, fibronectina y ácido hialurónico, y el otro es la angiogénesis. Los queratinocitos de la periferia, proliferan hasta que entren en contacto unos con otros. Posteriormente, de uno a seis meses, se iniciará la remodelación de ese tejido conectivo degradando el colágeno viejo por otro de tipo I y sintetizando elastina y proteoglicanos. Durante este proceso de reparación, los macrófagos y las plaquetas, se convierten en células protagonistas en la segregación de factores de crecimiento como, el PDGF, que estimulará la proliferación fibroblástica y la neovascularización de la herida por parte de las células endoteliales.Medicin

Mesonia oceanica sp. Nov., isolated from oceans during the tara oceans expedition, with a preference for mesopelagic waters

Strain ISS653T, isolated from Atlantic seawater, is a yellow pigmented, non-motile, Gram-reaction-negative rod-shaped bac-terium, strictly aerobic and chemoorganotrophic, slightly halophilic (1-15% NaCl) and mesophilic (4-37 °C), oxidase-and catalase-positive and proteolytic. Its major cellular fatty acids are iso-C15:0, iso-C15:0 2-OH, and iso-C17:0 3-OH; the major identified phospholipid is phosphatidylethanolamine and the major respiratory quinone is MK6. Genome size is 4.28 Mbp and DNA G+C content is 34.9 mol%. 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity places the strain among members of the family Flavobacteriaceae, with the type strains of Mesonia phycicola (93.2%), Salegentibacter mishustinae (93.1%) and Mesonia mobilis (92.9%) as closest relatives. Average amino acid identity (AAI) and average nucleotide identity (ANI) indices show highest values with M. mobilis (81% AAI; 78.9% ANI), M. phycicola (76% AAI; 76.3% ANI), Mesonia maritima (72% AAI, 74.9% ANI), Mesonia hippocampi (64% AAI, 70.8% ANI) and Mesonia algae (68% AAI; 72.2% ANI). Phylogenomic analysis using the Up-to-date-Bacterial Core Gene set (UBCG) merges strain ISS653T in a clade with species of the genus Mesonia. We conclude that strain ISS653T represents a novel species of the genus Mesonia for which we propose the name Mesonia oceanica sp. nov., and strain ISS653T (=CECT 9532T=LMG 31236T) as the type strain. A second strain of the species, ISS1889 (=CECT 30008) was isolated from Pacific Ocean seawater. Data obtained throughout the Tara oceans expedition indicate that the species is more abundant in the mesopelagic dark ocean than in the photic layer and it is more frequent in the South Pacific, Indian and North Atlantic oceans

Drinking Water Library: nuevo recurso para identificar cepas bacterianas en aguas de consumo

De acuerdo con el RD 140/2003, el agua apta para el consumo humano no debe mostrar presencia de los indicadores bacterianos Escherichia coli, Clostridium perfringens y Enterococcus sp. Pero, aunque no se detecten estos indicadores, el agua del grifo no es estéril y puede tener cierta cantidad de microrganismos que muchas veces puede generar colonias en las placas de cultivo. Lejos de representar un peligro para la salud humana, si se dispone de un método rápido, sencillo, robusto y fiable para la identificación de estas colonias, se puede avanzar mucho en el conocimiento de la microbiología del agua potable. El proyecto Drinking Water Library ha permitido desarrollar la primera base de datos para MALDI-TOF MS específica para bacterias presentes en aguas de consumo

Tracking down carbon inputs underground from an arid zone Australian calcrete.

Freshwater ecosystems play a key role in shaping the global carbon cycle and maintaining the ecological balance that sustains biodiversity worldwide. Surficial water bodies are often interconnected with groundwater, forming a physical continuum, and their interaction has been reported as a crucial driver for organic matter (OM) inputs in groundwater systems. However, despite the growing concerns related to increasing anthropogenic pressure and effects of global change to groundwater environments, our understanding of the dynamics regulating subterranean carbon flows is still sparse. We traced carbon composition and transformations in an arid zone calcrete aquifer using a novel multidisciplinary approach that combined isotopic analyses of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and inorganic carbon (DIC) (δ13CDOC, δ13CDIC, 14CDOC and 14CDIC) with fluorescence spectroscopy (Chromophoric Dissolved OM (CDOM) characterisation) and metabarcoding analyses (taxonomic and functional genomics on bacterial 16S rRNA). To compare dynamics linked to potential aquifer recharge processes, water samples were collected from two boreholes under contrasting rainfall: low rainfall ((LR), dry season) and high rainfall ((HR), wet season). Our isotopic results indicate limited changes and dominance of modern terrestrial carbon in the upper part (northeast) of the bore field, but correlation between HR and increased old and 13C-enriched DOC in the lower area (southwest). CDOM results show a shift from terrestrially to microbially derived compounds after rainfall in the same lower field bore, which was also sampled for microbial genetics. Functional genomic results showed increased genes coding for degradative pathways-dominated by those related to aromatic compound metabolisms-during HR. Our results indicate that rainfall leads to different responses in different parts of the bore field, with an increase in old carbon sources and microbial processing in the lower part of the field. We hypothesise that this may be due to increasing salinity, either due to mobilisation of Cl- from the soil, or infiltration from the downstream salt lake during HR. This study is the first to use a multi-technique assessment using stable and radioactive isotopes together with functional genomics to probe the principal organic biogeochemical pathways regulating an arid zone calcrete system. Further investigations involving extensive sampling from diverse groundwater ecosystems will allow better understanding of the microbiological pathways sustaining the ecological functioning of subterranean biota

Climate-driven range extension of Amphistegina (protista, foraminiferida) : models of current and predicted future ranges

© The Author(s), 2013. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in PLoS ONE 8 (2013): e54443, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0054443.Species-range expansions are a predicted and realized consequence of global climate change. Climate warming and the poleward widening of the tropical belt have induced range shifts in a variety of marine and terrestrial species. Range expansions may have broad implications on native biota and ecosystem functioning as shifting species may perturb recipient communities. Larger symbiont-bearing foraminifera constitute ubiquitous and prominent components of shallow water ecosystems, and range shifts of these important protists are likely to trigger changes in ecosystem functioning. We have used historical and newly acquired occurrence records to compute current range shifts of Amphistegina spp., a larger symbiont-bearing foraminifera, along the eastern coastline of Africa and compare them to analogous range shifts currently observed in the Mediterranean Sea. The study provides new evidence that amphisteginid foraminifera are rapidly progressing southwestward, closely approaching Port Edward (South Africa) at 31°S. To project future species distributions, we applied a species distribution model (SDM) based on ecological niche constraints of current distribution ranges. Our model indicates that further warming is likely to cause a continued range extension, and predicts dispersal along nearly the entire southeastern coast of Africa. The average rates of amphisteginid range shift were computed between 8 and 2.7 km year−1, and are projected to lead to a total southward range expansion of 267 km, or 2.4° latitude, in the year 2100. Our results corroborate findings from the fossil record that some larger symbiont-bearing foraminifera cope well with rising water temperatures and are beneficiaries of global climate change.This work was supported by grants from the German Science Foundation (DFG; www.dfg.de) to ML and SL (LA 884/10-1, LA 884/5-1)