Patología dual. Conocimiento actual y retos futuros.

Los pacientes con PD en tratamiento y abstinentes durante más de tres meses presentan menor amplitud circadiana, peor rendimiento neuropsicológico (atención, memoria, funcionamiento ejecutivo y toma de decisiones) y calidad de vida relacionada con la salud, así como estrategias de afrontamiento al tratamiento más desadaptativas respecto a los pacientes sólo con TUS o TMS. Ello es especialmente patente con TMS de esquizofrenia. Además su patrón de personalidad es mixto respecto al perfil que caracteriza al TUS y al TMS comórbido, pudiéndose destacar la elevada Impulsividad, Búsqueda de Sensaciones y Evitación del Riesgo, así como la baja Persistencia y Dependencia a la Recompensa. Entre las variables moduladoras destaca la edad, los intentos de suicidio, el tratamiento psicofarmacológico y el consumo de cafeína. Todo ello sugiere que la PD es una entidad diagnóstica con características idiosincráticas y no la mera adición de las características asociadas al TUS y al TMS. Considerar aspectos rítmicos, cognitivos y de personalidad en los pacientes con PD puede beneficiar su respuesta al tratamiento y minimizar las recaídas, la cronificación y los problemas psicosociales que presentan.La patología dual (PD), considerada como la coexistencia de un trastorno por uso de sustancias (TUS) y un trastorno mental severo (TMS), supone en la actualidad un reto tanto en el ámbito de conocimiento básico como en el clínico. La prevalencia de PD es muy elevada, a pesar de que no se considere como entidad en los manuales diagnósticos psiquiátricos. Así, datos recientes en España la sitúan entre el 65-85% en la red de atención a las drogodependencias y en el 45% en la de salud mental. La PD se asocia a peor adherencia y respuesta al tratamiento, mayor tasa de recaídas y aumento de los problemas familiares, sociales y legales. En la actualidad queda mucho camino por recorrer en la caracterización de estos pacientes así como en el estudio de aspectos comunes y diferenciales respecto a la existencia de un único diagnóstico, bien sea TUS o TMS. En esta conferencia se expondrá un resumen del trabajo realizado durante los últimos 6 años en nuestro grupo de investigación, formado por investigadores del área de Psicobiología de la Universidad de Barcelona y la Universidad de Málaga.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Empowerment in the Public Sector: Testing the Influence of Goal Orientation

Empowerment has emerged as an important new issue in the public sector organization setting in the wake of mainstream new public management (NPM). Nevertheless, few studies in this frame have combined structural (managerial) and psychological (individual) approaches in an integrative study of empowerment. There is also a need to examine the moderating variables involved in this relationship, as well as to extend research on work motivation in public management. This study explores the effect of structural empowerment on psychological empowerment, and it also draws on goal orientation (GO) theory to examine the moderating role of employees’ GO in this link. The model is tested on a sample of 521 Spanish local authority employees. The results do not confirm the direct link between structural and psychological empowerment, but show that learning GO has considerable moderating power in this relationship, and its interaction with structural empowerment affects employees’ psychological empowerment levels

Algunas discusiones en torno a la relación ambiente-sociedad en clave sociológica : la cuestión del desarrollo

En el presente trabajo se presentan algunas reflexiones en torno a la incorporación de la cuestión ambiental en las ciencias sociales. Si bien el ambiente había tenido alguna mención en teorías sociales previas, su tematización tiene lugar a partir de los años 70 a raíz de las evidentes consecuencias negativas de la actividad humana. Se intenta entonces recorrer las discusiones con perspectiva sociológica que buscan repensar las interrelaciones entre sociedad y naturaleza. En primer lugar, se abordarán los debates suscitados a partir de finales de la década del 70, y que continuaron en los 80 y 90, entre algunos autores de países centrales, que dieron lugar a propuestas teóricas como el nuevo paradigma ambiental, la teoría de la modernización ecológica y la cinta de producción. Por otro lado, se intentará poner en diálogo dichas teorías con las propuestas elaboradas más recientemente por autores latinoamericanos (o con perspectiva latinoamericana) respecto del desarrollo, sus alternativas y el lugar del ambiente en estas discusiones.Fil: Pi Puig, Ana Pilar. Universidad Nacional de La Plat

Reflecting on Local Reality: Tensions and Challenges of Sustainable Development in Contexts of Urban Poverty

The aim of this paper is to present some reflections on the tensions and challenges that emerge from both the literature review on sustainable development and the study of sustainable development as a paradigm in local contexts. In particular, a shantytown located in the outskirts of La Plata city (Argentina) is presented as a case study with the idea that there are some implications between the practices and social representations of people living in urban poverty and the sustainable development paradigm that rules environmental and waste policies in Argentina. The structure of the paper is a combination of two approaches: the macro or top-down approach and the micro or bottom-up approach. The challenge is viewing global as part of local. In addition, two tensions will be introduced: one theoretical at the macro level and one empirical at the micro level. Furthermore, regarding the local context, some preliminary findings of the case study will be introduced.Fil: Pi Puig, Ana Pilar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones en Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación. Instituto de Investigaciones en Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales; Argentin

The circadian typology is related to differences in emotional intelligence

This study examines the relationships between circadian typology and emotional intelligence taking into account the possible interactions between sex and physical exercise, and controlling for age. A sample of 1011 participants (649 women; 26.92 ± 6.53 yr) completed the reduced Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire and the Trait Meta-Mood Scale-24. Women showed higher emotional attention scores, while men showed higher emotional repair scores (p< .035). Subjects who do physical exercise weekly showed higher emotional repair scores (p=.001). Morning-type had lower emotional attention than evening and neither-type; neither-type exhibited lower emotional repair than morning-type, and lower emotional clarity than both evening and morning-type (p<.046). Circadian typology modulated sex differences in emotional attention, only morning-type group men showed lower emotional attention scores than women. Morning typology may be a protective factor in terms of general health, while we should be aware that the neither-type may present a vulnerability to develop psychological problemsCTS-19

El arquitecto : formación, competencias y práctica profesional

Peer Reviewe

Public entities driven robotic innovation in urban areas

Cities present new challenges and needs to satisfy and improve lifestyle for their citizens under the concept “Smart City”. In order to achieve this goal in a global manner, new technologies are required as the robotic one. But Public entities unknown the possibilities offered by this technology to get solutions to their needs. In this paper the development of the Innovative Public Procurement instruments is explained, specifically the process PDTI (Public end Users Driven Technological Innovation) as a driving force of robotic research and development and offering a list of robotic urban challenges proposed by European cities that have participated in such a process. In the next phases of the procedure, this fact will provide novel robotic solutions addressed to public demand that are an example to be followed by other Smart Cities.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Examining nonlinear relationships between quality management and financial performance

Purpose A thorough analysis of nonlinear relationships between quality management (QM) and organizational outcomes has largely been ignored in the current empirical QM literature, which can have profound theoretical and managerial implications. The existence of nonlinear relationships implies taking a contingent view in that QM practices are more effective depending on their level of implementation in an organization. The purpose of this paper is to focus on this possibility and undertake an in-depth study of the sparse nonlinear relationship suggested by the literature. Design/methodology/approach The authors introduce an empirical study carried out on a sample of 168 service firms belonging to sectors experienced in QM and, through polynomial regression analysis, identify the nature of the relationship between QM and financial performance (return on assets). Findings The results, by showing an S-shaped curve, support a nonlinear association between these two variables. The presence of this functional form provides a satisfactory solution to the growing debate among researchers who, from a linear perspective, defend the positive effects of QM on organizational outcomes, those who find no significant effect, and still others who claim that QM has a negative effect. Originality/value The results show that in organizations with a low level of QM implementation, managers should increase investment in QM, even though this increase will not be correspondingly beneficial in the same proportion. In contrast, in organizations with a high level of QM implementation, managers are advised to reflect on undertaking projects that represent an additional investment in QM, with the aim of finding their optimal level

Patología Dual y rasgos de personalidad:situación actual y líneas futuras de trabajo

Dual diagnosis (DD) is the co-occurrence, in the same person, of a mental disorder (MD) and a substance use disorder (SUD). Nowadays, the study of the personality with DD is realized mainly from a categorical view, focusing on the detection of personality disorders and not on the traits associated to DD and the possible differential profile compared to those patients with only MD or SUD. Studies analyzing personality traits of patients with DD and their possible differential profile are very limited. However, existing data indicates that DD patients show higher levels of Sensation Seeking, Impulsivity, Harm Avoidance and Neuroticism; and lower levels of Persistence, Self-Direction, Self-Transcendence and Cooperation. Therefore, DD is associated to personality characteristics that suggest more disruptive behaviors, fewer resources for recovering and keeping abstinent and worse prognosis compared to those with only one disorder. Progress in the characterization of personality traits in DD, taking into consideration the methodological aspects to be improved could allow better adaptation of the integrated treatment of these patients in the future