La evolución del empleo y del paro en el tercer trimestre de 2015, según la Encuesta de Población Activa

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Resultados de las empresas no financieras en el primer trimestre de 2015

Artículo de revist

La evolución del empleo y del paro en el primer trimestre de 2015, según la Encuesta de Población Activa

Artículo de revist

Differences in physical fitness and anthropometric values in primary school students after a healthy habits intervention plan

[Abstract] At the primary school stage, especially in the last cycle, it can be observed more and more frequently that pupils are changing their routines and activities towards other more sedentary activities. This development may be a source of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The increase in time spent using screen devices is to the detriment of time devoted to physical activity. It is for this reason that the area of Physical Education takes on the responsibility of promoting the practice of physical activity and an improvement in the eating habits of students. This quasi-experimental research is an intervention with an experimental group and subsequent analysis of the results with those obtained by a control group. The aim of the study is to check if there are differences in the physical condition and anthropometric values of 11 and 12 year old students after an intervention plan at school on their healthy habits. For this purpose, the Alpha Fitness Test Battery and a daily food control were used. The results show that after implementing the healthy habits programme, the time dedicated to physical activity and the acquisition of a healthy diet increased, improving the results of physical condition assessment as well as anthropometric values.[Resumen] En la etapa de Educación Primaria, sobre todo en el último ciclo, se puede observar cada vez con más frecuencia que el alumnado va cambiando sus rutinas y actividades hacia otras actividades de carácter más sedentario. Este acontecimiento, puede ser origen de enfermedades no transmisibles (ENT). El incremento del tiempo destinado al uso de dispositivos con pantalla se produce en detrimento del tiempo dedicado a la práctica de actividad física. Es por ello por lo que desde el área de Educación Física se adquiere la responsabilidad de promover la práctica de actividad física y una mejora en los hábitos alimentarios del alumnado. Esta investigación cuasiexperimental es una intervención con un grupo experimental y su posterior análisis de resultados con los obtenidos por un grupo de control. El objetivo del estudio es comprobar si existen diferencias en la condición física y valores antropométricos en alumnado de 11 y 12 años tras un plan de intervención en la escuela sobre sus hábitos saludables. Para ello, se utiliza la Batería de pruebas Alpha Fitness y un control de comidas diarias. Los resultados muestran que tras implementar el programa de hábitos saludables se incrementó el tiempo dedicado a la actividad física y la adquisición de una dieta saludable mejorando los resultados de valoración de la condición física, así como de los valores antropométricos

The Use of Hydrodynamic Models in the Determination of the Chart Datum Shape in a Tropical Estuary

Estuaries are transitional environments with ideal conditions for port construction and navigation. They represent a challenge to hydrographic services due to the dynamics of the seabed and the tidal wave deformation. The bottom slope, the convergence of the channels, and the nonlinear efects produced by the bottom friction produce variation in both the tidal range and the location of the chart datum (CD). In this study, sea level data series obtained from the nodes of the mesh of a hydrodynamic model (virtual tide gauges) were used to calculate the harmonic constituents, form factor, asymmetry, and estuary type. The final chart datum surface, obtained from the hydrodynamic model, was used to determine the separation values between zones and also the number of tidal zones in an estuarine system. It was found that in a complex hydrodynamics scenario, the use of the ellipsoidal referenced surveying (ERS) method is more convenient than traditional tidal zoning survey. In the ERS method, once the CD model is complete, it must be attached to the ellipsoid directly. Finally, the variation of the CD in di erent scenarios (due to anthropogenic action) was assessed

Environmental risk assessment of dredging processes-application to Marin harbour (NW Spain)

ABSTRACT. A methodological procedure to estimate the environmental risk of dredging operations in aquatic systems has been developed. Environmental risk estimations are based on numerical models results, which provide an appropriated spatio-temporal framework analysis to guarantee an effective decision-making process. The methodological procedure has been applied on a real dredging operation in the port of Marin (NW Spain). Results from Marin harbour confirmed the suitability of the developed methodology and the conceptual approaches as a comprehensive and practical management tool.The authors would like to thank the Marin Port Authority for the provided data. Part of this study has been sponsored by the INNPACTO programme (2008–2011) of the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (IPT-310000-2100-17)

Oxidative-Stress-Associated Proteostasis Disturbances and Increased DNA Damage in the Hippocampal Granule Cells of the Ts65Dn Model of Down Syndrome

Oxidative stress (OS) is one of the neuropathological mechanisms responsible for the deficits in cognition and neuronal function in Down syndrome (DS). The Ts65Dn (TS) mouse replicates multiple DS phenotypes including hippocampal-dependent learning and memory deficits and similar brain oxidative status. To better understand the hippocampal oxidative profile in the adult TS mouse, we analyzed cellular OS-associated alterations in hippocampal granule cells (GCs), a neuronal population that plays an important role in memory formation and that is particularly affected in DS. For this purpose, we used biochemical, molecular, immunohistochemical, and electron microscopy techniques. Our results indicate that TS GCs show important OS-associated alterations in the systems essential for neuronal homeostasis: DNA damage response and proteostasis, particu larly of the proteasome and lysosomal system. Specifically, TS GCs showed: (i) increased DNA damage, (ii) reorganization of nuclear proteolytic factories accompanied by a decline in proteasome activity and cytoplasmic aggregation of ubiquitinated proteins, (iii) formation of lysosomal-related structures containing lipid droplets of cytotoxic peroxidation products, and (iv) mitochondrial ultrastructural defects. These alterations could be implicated in enhanced cellular senescence, accelerated aging and neurodegeneration, and the early development of Alzheimer?s disease neuropathology present in TS mice and the DS population.Funding: This work was supported by the following grants: “Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla” (IDIVAL; NVAL 19/23), Santander, Spain; “Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas” (CIBERNED; CB06/05/0037) Spain; and “Agencia Estatal de Investicación, MICIN” (grant number: PID2020-117601RB-I00). Acknowledgments: The authors would like to thank Raquel García-Ceballos and Eva García Iglesias for their technical assistance

A compressive review about Taxol® : history and future challenges

©2020. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This document is the Published, version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in Molecules. To access the final edited and published work see https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25245986Taxol®, which is also known as paclitaxel, is a chemotherapeutic agent widely used to treat different cancers. Since the discovery of its antitumoral activity, Taxol® has been used to treat over one million patients, making it one of the most widely employed antitumoral drugs. Taxol® was the first microtubule targeting agent described in the literature, with its main mechanism of action consisting of the disruption of microtubule dynamics, thus inducing mitotic arrest and cell death. However, secondary mechanisms for achieving apoptosis have also been demonstrated. Despite its wide use, Taxol® has certain disadvantages. The main challenges facing Taxol® are the need to find an environmentally sustainable production method based on the use of microorganisms, increase its bioavailability without exerting adverse effects on the health of patients and minimize the resistance presented by a high percentage of cells treated with paclitaxel. This review details, in a succinct manner, the main aspects of this important drug, from its discovery to the present day. We highlight the main challenges that must be faced in the coming years, in order to increase the effectiveness of Taxol® as an anticancer agent

Citrate-Stabilized Gold Nanoparticles as High-Performance Electrocatalysts: The Role of Size in the Electroreduction of Oxygen

Fuel cells stand out as among the most promising alternatives for non-sustainable fossil fuel based economy. Efficient electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) are required for the mass application of fuel cells. Citrate-stabilized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are proposed as potentialdependent electrocatalysts for the ORR. AuNPs were synthesized by a green, reproducible, and easy scale-up method. After exhaustive characterization, the electrocatalytic activity of the resulting AuNPs was investigated in alkaline media. Static and dynamic electrochemical studies showed a core-size dependent tendency both for their potentials and intensities. For the first time ever, the hysteresis effect in the ORR profile over Au nanoelectrocatalysts is reported herein. In addition, the electrocatalytic efficiency was comparable to those obtained for Au clusters, suggesting the benefits of the citrate stabilizing agent on the electrocatalyst performance of nanomaterials based on noble metals for ORR. These results pave the way for the design of non-coated AuNPs as strong candidates for ORR

Nuclear Reorganization in Hippocampal Granule Cell Neurons from a Mouse Model of Down Syndrome: Changes in Chromatin Configuration, Nucleoli and Cajal Bodies

Down syndrome (DS) or trisomy of chromosome 21 (Hsa21) is characterized by impaired hippocampal-dependent learning and memory. These alterations are due to defective neurogenesis and to neuromorphological and functional anomalies of numerous neuronal populations, including hippocampal granular cells (GCs). It has been proposed that the additional gene dose in trisomic cells induces modifications in nuclear compartments and on the chromatin landscape, which could contribute to some DS phenotypes. The Ts65Dn (TS) mouse model of DS carries a triplication of 92 genes orthologous to those found in Hsa21, and shares many phenotypes with DS individuals, including cognitive and neuromorphological alterations. Considering its essential role in hippocampal memory formation, we investigated whether the triplication of this set of Hsa21 orthologous genes in TS mice modifies the nuclear architecture of their GCs. Our results show that the TS mouse presents alterations in the nuclear architecture of its GCs, affecting nuclear compartments involved in transcription and pre-rRNA and pre-mRNA processing. In particular, the GCs of the TS mouse show alterations in the nucleolar fusion pattern and the molecular assembly of Cajal bodies (CBs). Furthermore, hippocampal GCs of TS mice present an epigenetic dysregulation of chromatin that results in an increased heterochromatinization and reduced global transcriptional activity. These nuclear alterations could play an important role in the neuromorphological and/or functional alterations of the hippocampal GCs implicated in the cognitive dysfunction characteristic of TS mice