20 research outputs found
Superconductivity, phase fluctuations and the c-axis conductivity of bilayer high temperature superconductors
We present a theory of the interplane conductivity of bilayer high
temperature superconductors, focusing on the effect of quantal and thermal
fluctuations on the oscillator strengths of the superfluid stiffness and the
bilayer plasmon. We find that the opening of the superconducting gap and
establishment of superconducting phase coherence each lead to redistribution of
spectral weight over wide energy scales. The factor-of-two relation between the
superfluid stiffness and the change below in the oscillator strength of
the absorptive part of the conductivity previously derived for single-layer
systems, is found to be substantially modified in bilayer systems.Comment: 11 pages, 14 figure
Политическая аккомодация культурных различий в индустриально развитых обществах
The notion of "political accommodation" applied to the theory and practice of managing cultural diversity could enrich the Russian academic dictionary. Liberal democratic states invented specific mechanisms for political accommodation of cultural differences. Thanks to these mechanisms, the part of the population of a democratic state that is not ready to dissolve into the ethnocultural majority is more or less protected. The law not only prohibits forced assimilation, but also contains a number of norms that allow ethnocultural minorities to maintain their distinctiveness by passing it on from generation to generation. However, this is the case in liberal democracies with a long history. In states that emerged as a result of the collapse of two multinational policies - Yugoslavia and the USSR - the situation sometimes looks quite specific. They take more active measures for cultural homogenization than in previous years. As for Russia, in recent years there have been symptomatic changes in the sphere of ethno-cultural policy, which, although with a number of reservations, can be described in terms of "nationalization"
Optical properties of the iron-chalcogenide superconductor FeTe0.55Se0.45
The complex optical properties of the iron-chalcogenide superconductor
FeTe0.55Se0.45 with Tc=14K have been examined over a wide frequency range for
light polarized in the Fe-Te(Se) planes above and below Tc. At room temperature
the optical response may be described by a weakly-interacting Fermi liquid;
however, just above Tc this picture breaks down and the scattering rate takes
on a linear frequency dependence. Below Tc there is evidence for two gap
features in the optical conductivity at Delta_1 ~ 2.5 meV and Delta_2 ~ 5.1
meV. Less than 20% of the free carriers collapse into the condensate for T <<
Tc, and this material is observed to fall on the universal scaling line for a
BCS dirty-limit superconductor in the weak-coupling limit.Comment: 6 pages, 6 figures; accepted J. Phys. Chem. Solids, proceedings of
SNS2010 in Shanghai (updated references
Regulation of body weight and energy homeostasis by neuronal cell adhesion molecule 1
Susceptibility to obesity is linked to genes regulating neurotransmission, pancreatic beta-cell function and energy homeostasis. Genome-wide association studies have identified associations between body mass index and two loci near cell adhesion molecule 1 (CADM1) and cell adhesion molecule 2 (CADM2), which encode membrane proteins that mediate synaptic assembly. We found that these respective risk variants associate with increased CADM1 and CADM2 expression in the hypothalamus of human subjects. Expression of both genes was elevated in obese mice, and induction of Cadm1 in excitatory neurons facilitated weight gain while exacerbating energy expenditure. Loss of Cadm1 protected mice from obesity, and tract-tracing analysis revealed Cadm1-positive innervation of POMC neurons via afferent projections originating from beyond the arcuate nucleus. Reducing Cadm1 expression in the hypothalamus and hippocampus promoted a negative energy balance and weight loss. These data identify essential roles for Cadm1-mediated neuronal input in weight regulation and provide insight into the central pathways contributing to human obesity.</p
NCAM regulates temporal specification of neural progenitor cells via profilin2 during corticogenesis
The development of cerebral cortex requires spatially and temporally orchestrated proliferation, migration, and differentiation of neural progenitor cells (NPCs). The molecular mechanisms underlying cortical development are, however, not fully understood. The neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) has been suggested to play a role in corticogenesis. Here we show that NCAM is dynamically expressed in the developing cortex. NCAM expression in NPCs is highest in the neurogenic period and declines during the gliogenic period. In mice bearing an NPC-specific NCAM deletion, proliferation of NPCs is reduced, and production of cortical neurons is delayed, while formation of cortical glia is advanced. Mechanistically, NCAM enhances actin polymerization in NPCs by interacting with actin-associated protein profilin2. NCAM-dependent regulation of NPCs is blocked by mutations in the profilin2 binding site. Thus, NCAM plays an essential role in NPC proliferation and fate decision during cortical development by regulating profilin2-dependent actin polymerization
Political Accommodation of Cultural Differences in Industrialized Societies
The notion of “political accommodation” applied to the theory and practice of managing cultural diversity could enrich the Russian academic dictionary. Liberal democratic states invented specific mechanisms for political accommodation of cultural differences. Thanks to these mechanisms, the part of the population of a democratic state that is not ready to dissolve into the ethnocultural majority is more or less protected
Regulation of body weight and energy homeostasis by neuronal cell adhesion molecule 1
Susceptibility to obesity is linked to genes regulating neurotransmission, pancreatic beta-cell function and energy homeostasis. Genome-wide association studies have identified associations between body mass index and two loci near cell adhesion molecule 1 (CADM1) and cell adhesion molecule 2 (CADM2), which encode membrane proteins that mediate synaptic assembly. We found that these respective risk variants associate with increased CADM1 and CADM2 expression in the hypothalamus of human subjects. Expression of both genes was elevated in obese mice, and induction of Cadm1 in excitatory neurons facilitated weight gain while exacerbating energy expenditure. Loss of Cadm1 protected mice from obesity, and tract-tracing analysis revealed Cadm1-positive innervation of POMC neurons via afferent projections originating from beyond the arcuate nucleus. Reducing Cadm1 expression in the hypothalamus and hippocampus promoted a negative energy balance and weight loss. These data identify essential roles for Cadm1-mediated neuronal input in weight regulation and provide insight into the central pathways contributing to human obesit