Energy optimization in fishing through m-KRISHIm Fisheries Service in Raigad district, Maharashtra

Energy optimization in fishing through m-KRISHIm Fisheries Service in Raigad district, Maharashtr

Smart Attendance System

N day - to - day lives there are different types of identification system are present For the detection of Animals, students , products and also for transportation. The system like Barcode system, Smart - card and Bio - metric technology are present. As compare to them RFID is faster than barcode and smart card system and cheaper than bio - metric system, Hence we preferred to the RFI D for our Project. Our project is Smart Attendance System using RFID. RFID stands for Radio Frequency Identification and Detection. In this we are using RFID reader and passive RFID chips. Reader is located on fixed location sends signal to passive RFID ch ip detected in range of reader. Chip re - transmits the acknowledgement signal with its unique Identifier code, hence chip is identified. Also, a single reader can identify many no of chips in very short period of time. So, we are using these properties of R FID reader and tag to monitor the students

Pregnancy in rudimentary horn of unicornuate uterus: a rare case

Congenital malformations of the female genital tract result from embryological maldevelopment of Mullerian or paramesonephric ducts. Mullerian duct anomalies (MDAs) are due to agenesis, defective fusion or resorption during embryological development. Unicornuate uterus results due to defective lateral fusion of Mullerian duct. This report discussed a case of pregnancy in rudimentary horn of unicornuate uterus which resulted in rupture of the horn. A patient 35 year old G2A1 with spontaneous conception with 4 months pregnancy came to emergency room with complaints of pain in abdomen and giddiness. On examination her general condition was moderate with pulse rate of 128 bpm, blood pressure of 90/60 mmHg, pallor was present. On per abdomen examination guarding, rigidity and diffuse tenderness was present. On per vaginum examination, uterus size could not be appreciated. Her haemoglobin level was 6 gm%. Ultrasonography of abdomen showed presence of unicornuate uterus with ruptured right horn with fetus in the abdominal cavity and presence of hemoperitoneum. Immediate resuscitative measures were performed, blood transfusion was started and simultaneously patient was shifted to operation theatre for exploratory laparotomy. Intraoperatively hemoperitoneum with unicornuate uterus with non communicating ruptured accessory horn on right side was present and foetus in peritoneal cavity was seen. Ruptured horn was excised and uterus was repaired. The accessory horn and foetus were sent for histopathology examination which was suggestive of placenta increta with gestational hypertrophy and hyperplasia of myometrium with normal tube and ovary. Patient tolerated the procedure well

Living on the edge: Biofilms developing in oscillating environmental conditions

For the first time, the densities and diversity of microorganisms developed on ocean gliders were investigated using flow cytometry and Illumina MiSeq sequencing of 16S and 18S rRNA genes. Ocean gliders are autonomous buoyancy-driven underwater vehicles, equipped with sensors continuously recording physical, chemical, and biological parameters. Microbial biofilms were investigated on unprotected parts of the glider and surfaces coated with base, biocidal and chitosan paints. Biofilms on the glider were exposed to periodical oscillations of salinity, oxygen, temperature, pressure, depth and light, due to periodic ascending and descending of the vehicle. Among the unprotected surfaces, the highest microbial abundance was observed on the bottom of the glider’s body, while the lowest density was recorded on the glider’s nose. Antifouling paints had the lowest densities of microorganisms. Multidimensional analysis showed that the microbial communities formed on unprotected parts of the glider were significantly different from those on biocidal paint and in seawater

Innate immunodeficiency following genetic ablation of Mcl1 in natural killer cells

The cytokine IL-15 is required for natural killer (NK) cell homeostasis; however, the intrinsic mechanism governing this requirement remains unexplored. Here we identify the absolute requirement for myeloid cell leukaemia sequence-1 (Mcl1) in the sustained survival of NK cells in vivo. Mcl1 is highly expressed in NK cells and regulated by IL-15 in a dose-dependent manner via STAT5 phosphorylation and subsequent binding to the 3'-UTR of Mcl1. Specific deletion of Mcl1 in NK cells results in the absolute loss of NK cells from all tissues owing to a failure to antagonize pro-apoptotic proteins in the outer mitochondrial membrane. This NK lymphopenia results in mice succumbing to multiorgan melanoma metastases, being permissive to allogeneic transplantation and being resistant to toxic shock following polymicrobial sepsis challenge. These results clearly demonstrate a non-redundant pathway linking IL-15 to Mcl1 in the maintenance of NK cells and innate immune responses in vivo

Safety, infectivity and immunogenicity of a genetically attenuated blood-stage malaria vaccine

Background There is a clear need for novel approaches to malaria vaccine development. We aimed to develop a genetically attenuated blood-stage vaccine and test its safety, infectivity, and immunogenicity in healthy volunteers. Our approach was to target the gene encoding the knob-associated histidine-rich protein (KAHRP), which is responsible for the assembly of knob structures at the infected erythrocyte surface. Knobs are required for correct display of the polymorphic adhesion ligand P. falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1), a key virulence determinant encoded by a repertoire of var genes. Methods The gene encoding KAHRP was deleted from P. falciparum 3D7 and a master cell bank was produced in accordance with Good Manufacturing Practice. Eight malaria naïve males were intravenously inoculated (day 0) with 1800 (2 subjects), 1.8 × 105 (2 subjects), or 3 × 106 viable parasites (4 subjects). Parasitemia was measured using qPCR; immunogenicity was determined using standard assays. Parasites were rescued into culture for in vitro analyses (genome sequencing, cytoadhesion assays, scanning electron microscopy, var gene expression). Results None of the subjects who were administered with 1800 or 1.8 × 105 parasites developed parasitemia; 3/4 subjects administered 3× 106 parasites developed significant parasitemia, first detected on days 13, 18, and 22. One of these three subjects developed symptoms of malaria simultaneously with influenza B (day 17; 14,022 parasites/mL); one subject developed mild symptoms on day 28 (19,956 parasites/mL); and one subject remained asymptomatic up to day 35 (5046 parasites/mL). Parasitemia rapidly cleared with artemether/lumefantrine. Parasitemia induced a parasite-specific antibody and cell-mediated immune response. Parasites cultured ex vivo exhibited genotypic and phenotypic properties similar to inoculated parasites, although the var gene expression profile changed during growth in vivo. Conclusions This study represents the first clinical investigation of a genetically attenuated blood-stage human malaria vaccine. A P. falciparum 3D7 kahrp– strain was tested in vivo and found to be immunogenic but can lead to patent parasitemia at high doses

The developmental pathways of splenic dendritic cells

© 2011 Dr. Priyanka SatheDendritic cells (DC) are professional antigen presenting cells, specialised in the activation of naïve T-cells. DC can be further subdivided into circulating plasmacytoid DC (pDC), and conventional DC (cDC), which are functionally distinct subsets. cDC can be further subdivided into peripheral cDC, and lymphoid tissue resident cDC. In this thesis, we focus on the developmental pathways of murine splenic DC – that is, resident cDC and pDC. DC potential has been found in multiple early precursors, and an immediate resident cDC precursor has been described in the spleen. Two precursors have been described in the bone marrow that may form the developmental bridge between the upstream precursors, and the committed pre-cDC. We and others have described common DC progenitors (CDP), which are c-kitintflt3+M-CSFR+, and negative for lineage antigens (lin-). CDP are restricted to differentiation into cDC and pDC. Another precursor, the macrophage-DC progenitor (MDP) has been described as an intermediate stage on the pathways to macrophage and DC development. The definition of a macrophage-DC progenitor includes potential for both macrophages and steady state cDC within single progenitors. In these studies, the ability of a single progenitor to give rise to both macrophages and steady state DC, and thus the existence of a macrophage DC progenitor, has not been established. Here, we have here investigated the developmental potential of the putative MDP populations. Contrary to previous data, we find that the populations defined in the literature as ‘MDP’ are not restricted to the macrophage and DC lineages, but rather retain potential for other haematopoietic lineages. To detect single progenitors with both macrophage and steady state DC potential, we have developed a clonal assay using M-CSF and flt3-ligand, the cytokines that drive macrophage and steady state DC development respectively. We find no evidence of a progenitor with both macrophage and DC potential within the progenitors previously described as ‘MDP’. To determine whether an MDP exists outside of the populations described as such in the literature, we have examined alternative fractions of the bone marrow for candidate ‘MDP’. We find a population within the lin-M-CSFR+CD16/32lowc-kitint/highsca-1-flt3+ BM fraction gives rise to macrophages and steady state cDC on a clonal level. However, this population is not restricted to these lineages. Thus, we find no evidence for a macrophage DC progenitor as a common intermediate on the pathways to macrophage and DC development. In addition, we have investigated the pathways to plasmacytoid DC development. We find that flt3 ligand (FL)-driven differentiation of pDC occurs via multiple developmental pathways. We have described an intermediate precursor on the pathway from development of common lymphoid progenitors to pDC. Furthermore, we have established the validity of using a history of expression of recombinase-activating gene 1 and the presence of D – J rearrangements at the immunoglobulin heavy chain locus as a marker of developmental history. We here demonstrate that the presence of these markers in pDC indicates a developmental history distinct from those pDC that lack these markers. The description of pDC in vivo both with and without a history of RAG1 expression, or with and without D – J rearrangements thus indicates the operation of multiple developmental routes to pDC in vivo. We have also investigated the role of external factors in the pathways of DC development. We find that FL plays an important role in directing multipotent cells into the DC lineage. We further show that the cytokines interleukin-10 and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor promote DC development. In this thesis, we have clarified the pathways to the development of the resident dendritic cell subsets, and described some of the factors involved in regulating these pathways. The elucidation of the pathways to steady state resident DC development will form the basis for understanding the regulation of these pathways, and the adaptation of these pathways under conditions of infection

International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication Smart Attendance System

Abstract: N day-to-day lives there are different types of identification system are present For the detection of Animals, students, products and also for transportation. The system like Barcode system, Smart-card and Bio-metric technology are present. As compare to them RFID is faster than barcode and smart card system and cheaper than bio-metric system, Hence we preferred to the RFID for our Project. Our project is Smart Attendance System using RFID. RFID stands for Radio Frequency Identification and Detection. In this we are using RFID reader and passive RFID chips. Reader is located on fixed location sends signal to passive RFID chip detected in range of reader. Chip re-transmits the acknowledgement signal with its unique Identifier code, hence chip is identified. Also, a single reader can identify many no of chips in very short period of time. So, we are using these properties of RFID reader and tag to monitor the student

Impact of crossplay between ocular aberrations and depth of focus in topo-guided laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis outcomes

Purpose: To develop a nomogram in cases with mismatch between subjective and Topolyzer cylinder, and based on the magnitude of the mismatch, customize a treatment plan to attain good visual outcomes post-laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) surgery. Methods: The patients were evaluated preoperatively using corneal tomography with Pentacam. Five optimal corneal topography scans were obtained from the Topolyzer Vario were used for planning the LASIK treatment. For the nomogram purpose, the patients were divided into three categories based on the difference between the subjective cylinder and Topolyzer (corneal) cylinder. The first group (group 1) consisted of eyes of patients, where the difference was less than or equal to 0.4 D. The second group (group 2) consisted of eyes, where the difference was more than 0.4 D and the subjective cylinder was lesser than the Topolyzer cylinder. The third group (group 3) included eyes where the difference was more than 0.4 D but the subjective cylinder was greater than the Topolyzer cylinder. LASIK was performed with the WaveLight FS 200 femtosecond laser and WaveLight EX500 excimer laser. Assessment of astigmatism correction for the three groups was done using Aplins vector analysis. For comparison of proportions, Chi-square test was used. A P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The UDVA was statistically significantly different when compared between groups 1 and 2 (P = 0.02). However, the corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) was similar among all the three groups (P = 0.1). Group 3 showed an increase of residual cylinder by −0.25 D, which was significant at intermediate and near reading distances (P < 0.05). Group 3 showed significantly higher target-induced astigmatism (TIA) compared to groups 1 and 2 (P = 0.01). The mean surgically induced astigmatism (SIA) was the least in group 2, which was statistically significant (P < 0.01). Conclusion: The outcomes for distance vision using our nomogram postoperatively were excellent, but further refinement for improving the near vision outcomes is required