Overgangstermijn innemen ongebruikte rechten voor staande netten IJsselmeervisserij

De rechten voor staande netten die gebruikt mogen worden voor de schubvisvisserij op het IJsselmeer zijn sinds 2014 gereduceerd met 85%. De sindsdien niet gebruikte rechten brengen bij uitgifte en controle onnodige administratieve lasten met zich mee, zijn daarmee foutgevoelig en kunnen leiden tot een niet realistische beeldvorming over toekomstig gebruik in de visserijpraktijk. Daarom overweegt de minister van Landbouw, Natuur en Voedselkwaliteit (LNV) maatregelen te treffen om deze rechten in te nemen. De vraag is of vissers hier schade van ondervinden, of er een balans is tussen enerzijds het ondernemersbelang en anderzijds het maatschappelijke belang, en welke overgangstermijn passend is om deze maatregelen in te laten gaan

De economische waarde van de IJsselmeervisserij : Notitie met betrekking tot de waarde van vergunningen en merken

Het ministerie van Landbouw, Natuur en Voedselkwaliteit (LNV) en de Stichting Transitie IJsselmeer (STIJ) onderzoeken hoe de beroepsvisserij op het IJsselmeer in de toekomst duurzaam kan worden ingericht. Voor een eventuele herinrichting zijn diverse scenario’s mogelijk zoals bijvoorbeeld herverdeling van vergunningen en merkjes, totale inname en vervolgens (gedeeltelijke) uitgifte. Inzicht in de waarde van vergunningen met de daarbij behorende rechten is noodzakelijk om de kosten van de herinrichting goed in te kunnen schatten. Het ministerie van LNV heeft Wageningen Economic Research gevraagd inzicht te geven in de economische waarde van de IJsselmeervisserij. Op het IJsselmeer zijn 34 visserijbedrijven actief met in totaal 59 visserijondernemers. De bedrijven hebben gezamenlijk 77 vergunningen in gebruik. De besomming van de IJsselmeervisserij bedraagt gemiddeld voor de periode 2013-2016 3,6 miljoen euro. Deze besomming bestond in 2016 naar schatting voor 46% uit aal, 27% uit snoekbaars, 1% uit baars, 3% uit brasem, 2% uit blankvoorn, 1% uit pootvis en 20% uit wolhandkrab. Gemiddeld zorgen de grote fuiken voor het grootste deel van de omzet (40%), gevolgd door staande netten (32%), schietfuiken (14%) en hoekwant (10%). In de nota ‘Economische waarde IJsselmeervisserij; notitie met achtergrondinformatie over de vaststelling van de waarde van vergunningen en merken bij verschillende scenario’s’ (Nota 2017 – 085) staat de achterliggende methodiek uitgelegd voor de berekening van de vrije marktwaarde van visrechten

Dieraantallen, mestproductie, mestmarkt en kosten mestafzet : evaluatie Meststoffenwet 2016: deelrapport ex post

De door EZ geformuleerde vragen luiden respectievelijk: Vraag 9a: Wat is de ontwikkeling van de mestproductie in tonnen N en P, alsook de ontwikkeling in dieraantallen in de afgelopen jaren, uitgesplitst naar diersoorten? Hoe verhoudt deze zich tot het mestexcretieplafond 2002 in de derogatiebeschikking? Vraag 9b: Zijn er effecten waar te nemen van de verandering in het voerspoor op de hoeveelheid N en P in mest? Vraag 24: Wat is de ontwikkeling van de mestmarkt (productie-gebruik/verwerking-export) in de afgelopen jaren geweest? Vraag 26: Wat zijn de directe en indirecte economische en maatschappelijke gevolgen van het mestbeleid

Oral rivaroxaban versus standard therapy for the treatment of symptomatic venous thromboembolism : a pooled analysis of the EINSTEIN-DVT and PE randomized studies

Background: Standard treatment for venous thromboembolism (VTE) consists of a heparin combined with vitamin K antagonists. Direct oral anticoagulants have been investigated for acute and extended treatment of symptomatic VTE; their use could avoid parenteral treatment and/or laboratory monitoring of anticoagulant effects. Methods: A prespecified pooled analysis of the EINSTEIN-DVT and EINSTEIN-PE studies compared the efficacy and safety of rivaroxaban (15 mg twice-daily for 21 days, followed by 20 mg once-daily) with standard-therapy (enoxaparin 1.0 mg/kg twice-daily and warfarin or acenocoumarol). Patients were treated for 3, 6, or 12 months and followed for suspected recurrent VTE and bleeding. The prespecified noninferiority margin was 1.75. Results: 8282 patients were enrolled. 4151 received rivaroxaban and 4131 received standard-therapy. The primary efficacy outcome occurred in 86 rivaroxaban-treated patients (2.1%) compared with 95 (2.3%) standard-therapy-treated patients (hazard ratio, 0.89; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.66-1.19; pnoninferiority<0.001). Major bleeding was observed in 40 (1.0%) and 72 (1.7%) patients in the rivaroxaban and standard-therapy groups, respectively (hazard ratio, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.37-0.79; p=0.002). In key subgroups, including fragile patients, cancer patients, patients presenting with large clots and those with a history of recurrent VTE, the efficacy and safety of rivaroxaban was similar compared with standard-therapy. Conclusion: The single-drug approach with rivaroxaban resulted in similar efficacy to standard-therapy and was associated with a significantly lower rate of major bleeding. Efficacy and safety results were consistent among key patient subgroups

Effecten van mogelijke maatregelen ter beheer van de bestanden van brasem, blankvoorn, snoekbaars en baars in het IJssel- en Markermeer

The Ministry of Agriculture, Nature, and Food Quality wants to achieve a 36% catch reduction of roach and bream for the gill net and seine fishery on the IJsselmeer and the Markermeer. This catch reduction should contribute to the preservation of the scaly-fish stocks of roach, bream, perch, and pike-perch. Ten measures were researched with the potential to contribute to the 36% catch reduction. The measures which can be implemented in the short term and which are easily enforceable are a 36% reduction of the current fishing effort and a closure of the fisheries during the period of 1 January to 15 March, or a shorter period within that time-span. Because the gill net fishery is a mixed fishery, no measure will lead to a proportional, effective impact for all four stocks. The abovementioned measures will lead to a loss of income which may be unevenly distributed among the fishermen

Handelsverkeer in de mestmarkt: opties voor interventies

The Ministry of Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality is looking for action strategies to reduce the risk of fraud in the manure market. This can be done by means of lower manure disposal costs and by introducing a competing interest for exports. The high costs of manure disposal can be tackled by reducing supply or increasing demand. Processing a larger amount of manure, with adequate corresponding enforcement, is the most realistic of the options. The presence of competing interests between the manure supplier and the buyer as regards the amount of minerals serves to inhibit fraud. This is lacking in the case of exports because no mineral accounting needs to be approved abroad. Here too, co-ordination with other countries could create competing interests and thus reduce the incentive to defraud

Content analysis: What are they talking about?

Quantitative content analysis is increasingly used to surpass surface level analyses in Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning (e.g., counting messages), but critical reflection on accepted practice has generally not been reported. A review of CSCL conference proceedings revealed a general vagueness in definitions of units of analysis. In general, arguments for choosing a unit were lacking and decisions made while developing the content analysis procedures were not made explicit. In this article, it will be illustrated that the currently accepted practices concerning the ‘unit of meaning’ are not generally applicable to quantitative content analysis of electronic communication. Such analysis is affected by ‘unit boundary overlap’ and contextual constraints having to do with the technology used. The analysis of e-mail communication required a different unit of analysis and segmentation procedure. This procedure proved to be reliable, and the subsequent coding of these units for quantitative analysis yielded satisfactory reliabilities. These findings have implications and recommendations for current content analysis practice in CSCL research

Placenta-on-a-Chip as an In Vitro Approach to Evaluate the Physiological and Structural Characteristics of the Human Placental Barrier upon Drug Exposure:A Systematic Review

Quantification of fetal drug exposure remains challenging since sampling from the placenta or fetus during pregnancy is too invasive. Currently existing in vivo (e.g., cord blood sampling) and ex vivo (e.g., placenta perfusion) models have inherent limitations. A placenta-on-a-chip model is a promising alternative. A systematic search was performed in PubMed on 2 February 2023, and Embase on 14 March 2023. Studies were included where placenta-on-a-chip was used to investigate placental physiology, placenta in different obstetric conditions, and/or fetal exposure to maternally administered drugs. Seventeen articles were included that used comparable approaches but different microfluidic devices and/or different cultured maternal and fetal cell lines. Of these studies, four quantified glucose transfer, four studies evaluated drug transport, three studies investigated nanoparticles, one study analyzed bacterial infection and five studies investigated preeclampsia. It was demonstrated that placenta-on-a-chip has the capacity to recapitulate the key characteristics of the human placental barrier. We aimed to identify knowledge gaps and provide the first steps towards an overview of current protocols for developing a placenta-on-a-chip, that facilitates comparison of results from different studies. Although models differ, they offer a promising approach for in vitro human placental and fetal drug studies under healthy and pathological conditions.</p

Synergistic Effects of Hypofibrinolysis and Genetic and Acquired Risk Factors on the Risk of a First Venous Thrombosis

Frits Rosendaal and colleagues show that the combination of hypofibrinolysis with oral contraceptive use, immobilization, or factor V Leiden results in a risk of venous thrombosis that exceeds the sum of the individual risks