Dominance of variant A in Human Herpesvirus 6 viraemia after renal transplantation

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6), mostly variant B reactivation in renal transplant patients has been published by other authors, but the pathogenetic role of HHV-6 variant A has not been clarified. Our aims were to examine the prevalence of HHV-6, to determine the variants, and to investigate the interaction between HHV-6 viraemia, human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection and clinical symptoms.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Variant-specific HHV-6 nested PCR and quantitative real-time PCR were used to examine blood samples from renal transplant patients and healthy blood donors for the presence and load of HHV-6 DNA and to determine the variants. Active HHV-6 infection was proved by RT-PCR, and active HCMV infection was diagnosed by pp65 antigenaemia test.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>HHV-6 viraemia was significantly more frequent in renal transplant patients compared to healthy blood donors (9/200 vs. 0/200; p = 0.004), while prevalence of HHV-6 latency was not significantly different (13/200 vs. 19/200; p > 0.05). Dominance of variant A was revealed in viraemias (8/9), and the frequency of HHV-6A was significantly higher in active infections compared with latency in renal transplant patients (8/9 vs. 2/13; p = 0.0015). Latency was established predominantly by HHV-6B both in renal transplant patients and in healthy blood donors (11/13 and 18/19). There was no statistical significant difference in occurrence of HCMV and HHV-6 viraemia in renal transplant patients (7/200 vs. 9/200). Statistical analysis did not reveal interaction between HHV-6 viraemia and clinical symptoms in our study.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Contrary to previous publications HHV-6A viraemia was found to be predominant in renal transplant patients. Frequency of variant A was significantly higher in cases of active infection then in latency.</p

Insights into household transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from a population-based serological survey

Understanding the risk of infection from household- and community-exposures and the transmissibility of asymptomatic infections is critical to SARS-CoV-2 control. Limited previous evidence is based primarily on virologic testing, which disproportionately misses mild and asymptomatic infections. Serologic measures are more likely to capture all previously infected individuals. We apply household transmission models to data from a cross-sectional, household-based population serosurvey of 4,534 people ≥5 years from 2,267 households enrolled April-June 2020 in Geneva, Switzerland. We found that the risk of infection from exposure to a single infected household member aged ≥5 years (17.3%,13.7-21.7) was more than three-times that of extra-household exposures over the first pandemic wave (5.1%,4.5-5.8). Young children had a lower risk of infection from household members. Working-age adults had the highest extra-household infection risk. Seropositive asymptomatic household members had 69.4% lower odds (95%CrI,31.8-88.8%) of infecting another household member compared to those reporting symptoms, accounting for 14.5% (95%CrI, 7.2-22.7%) of all household infections

Concurrent validity of the ZeroWire® footswitch system for the measurement of temporal gait parameters

International audienceBackground: In contrast to wearable tools (like in-shoe) sensors, lab-based gait assessment (using pressure-sensitive mats or cameras) only acquire data over short distances in non-ecological environments.Research question: To examine the concurrent validity of a wearable ZeroWire® footswitch system (Aurion Srl, Milan, Italy) vs. the GAITRite® walkway (CIR systems Inc., NJ, USA) for recording temporal gait parameters.Methods: We included 40 healthy participants in a prospective, single-center study. Temporal gait parameters were recorded simultaneously with the ZeroWire® and GAITRite® systems while each participant walked at three different speeds (slow (60steps/min), comfortable and maximum). To measure the validity, we calculated the interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and the coefficient of variation (CV) for each parameter (gait cadence, stride time, step time, stance time, and single-support and double-support times). We also performed a graphical analysis using the Bland and Altman method.Results: The footswitch system showed moderate-to-excellent concurrent validity vs. the GAITRite mat. The degree of agreement between the two assessments was greatest at the maximum gait velocity showed, with very good validity (ICC > 0.91) seen for most parameters, whereas agreement ranged from moderate to very good for the other speeds. Independently of the gait speed, the highest levels of agreement were recorded for gait velocity, cadence, stride time, step time, and stance time. According to the CVs, both systems showed the same accuracy and double-support time was the more variable parameter.Significance: The ZeroWire® footswitch system appears to be valid for assessing temporal gait parameters (and particularly gait cadence and stride, step and stance times in healthy participants). It is likely to be well suited to the assessment of gait parameters under ecological conditions and in dual-task gait paradigms

Sensitive quantification of diphemanil methyl sulphate in human plasma by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

A simple detection system with a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with positive ionisation-tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) for determining diphemanil methylsulphate (DMS) levels in human plasma using 4-diphemanylmethylene,1-methylpiperidine as an internal standard (I.S.), is proposed. The acquisition was performed with the multiple reactional monitoring (MRM) mode, by monitoring the transitions: m/z 278 > 262 for DMS and m/z 263 > 247 for the I.S. The method involved a simple single-step deproteinisation with acetonitrile. The analyte was chromatographed on a Zorbax® C18 reversed-phase chromatographic column by isocratic elution with 10-3 M ammonium acetate and 10-3 M hexafluorobutyric acid, adjusted to pH 7.0 with ammoniac/acetonitrile (40/60, v/v). The results were linear over the studied range (0.5-50.0 ng mL-1) and the total analysis time for each run was 10 min. The mean extraction apparent recoveries expressed at the 95% intervals of confidence were 94-104% for DMS and 92-106% for the I.S. The intra- and inter-assay precisions were 4.6-8.4% and 2.9-10.6%, respectively. The limit of quantification was 0.15 ng mL-1. The devised assay was successfully applied to the residual concentrations monitoring in infant. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.link_to_subscribed_fulltex

Drying behavior of a single droplet of milk protein suspension

Thèse CIFRE confidentielle => pour plus d'info contacter Romain Jeantet et Pierre Schuck : UMR 1253 Science et Technologie du Lait et de l'Oeuf. STLO, (Institut supérieur des sciences agronomiques, agroalimentaires, horticoles et du paysage), Centre de recherche de Rennesabsen

Tubulin Tyrosine Ligase Like 12, a TTLL Family Member with SET- and TTL-Like Domains and Roles in Histone and Tubulin Modifications and Mitosis

Contains fulltext : 110068.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)hTTLL12 is a member of the tubulin tyrosine ligase (TTL) family that is highly conserved in phylogeny. It has both SET-like and TTL-like domains, suggesting that it could have histone methylation and tubulin tyrosine ligase activities. Altered expression of hTTLL12 in human cells leads to specific changes in H4K20 trimethylation, and tubulin detyrosination, hTTLL12 does not catalyse histone methylation or tubulin tyrosination in vitro, as might be expected from the lack of critical amino acids in its SET-like and TTLL-like domains. hTTLL12 misexpression increases mitotic duration and chromosome numbers. These results suggest that hTTLL12 has non-catalytic functions related to tubulin and histone modification, which could be linked to its effects on mitosis and chromosome number stability