An Embodied AI Approach to Individual Differences : Supporting Self-Efficacy in Diabetic Children with an Autonomous Robot

In this paper we discuss how a motivationally autonomous robot, designed using the principles of embodied AI, provides a suitable approach to address individual differences of children interacting with a robot, without having to explicitly modify the system. We do this in the context of two pilot studies using Robin, a robot to support self-confidence in diabetic children.Final Accepted Versio

Effect of initial levothyroxine dose on neurodevelopmental and growth outcomes in children with congenital hypothyroidism

We designed a multicentre open prospective randomized trial to evaluate the risk-benefit profile of two different initial treatment schemes with levothyroxine (L-T4), 10-12.5 μg/kg/day vs 12.6-15 μg/kg/day, on growth and neurodevelopmental outcomes in children with congenital hypothyroidism (CH) detected by neonatal screening to identify the best range dose to achieve optimal neurocognitive development

Towards long-term social child-robot interaction: using multi-activity switching to engage young users

Social robots have the potential to provide support in a number of practical domains, such as learning and behaviour change. This potential is particularly relevant for children, who have proven receptive to interactions with social robots. To reach learning and therapeutic goals, a number of issues need to be investigated, notably the design of an effective child-robot interaction (cHRI) to ensure the child remains engaged in the relationship and that educational goals are met. Typically, current cHRI research experiments focus on a single type of interaction activity (e.g. a game). However, these can suffer from a lack of adaptation to the child, or from an increasingly repetitive nature of the activity and interaction. In this paper, we motivate and propose a practicable solution to this issue: an adaptive robot able to switch between multiple activities within single interactions. We describe a system that embodies this idea, and present a case study in which diabetic children collaboratively learn with the robot about various aspects of managing their condition. We demonstrate the ability of our system to induce a varied interaction and show the potential of this approach both as an educational tool and as a research method for long-term cHRI

Interpretation of Holographic Contour Maps of Reverse Biased p-n Junctions

Reverse-biased p-n junctions have been observed by means of electron holography using a transmission electron microscope equipped with an electron biprism and a field emission gun. Aim of this work is to present and discuss an analytical model for the electric field associated to a periodic array of alternating p and n stripes lying in a half-plane which simulates the experimental set-up and allows the interpretation of the main features of the observed holograms and the quantitative evaluation of the effect of the fringing field on the holograms and on the reconstructed images

Closo-Carboranyl- and Metallacarboranyl [1,2,3]triazolyl-Decorated Lapatinib-Scaffold for Cancer Therapy Combining Tyrosine Kinase Inhibition and Boron Neutron Capture Therapy

© 2020 by the authors.One of the driving forces of carcinogenesis in humans is the aberrant activation of receptors; consequently, one of the most promising mechanisms for cancer treatment is receptor inhibition by chemotherapy. Although a variety of cancers are initially susceptible to chemotherapy, they eventually develop multi-drug resistance. Anti-tumor agents overcoming resistance and acting through two or more ways offer greater therapeutic benefits over single-mechanism entities. In this study, we report on a new family of bifunctional compounds that, offering the possibility of dual action (drug + radiotherapy combinations), may result in significant clinical benefits. This new family of compounds combines two fragments: the drug fragment is a lapatinib group, which inhibits the tyrosine kinase receptor activity, and an icosahedral boron cluster used as agents for neutron capture therapy (BNCT). The developed compounds were evaluated in vitro against different tyrosine kinase receptors (TKRs)-expressing tumoral cells, and in vitro–BNCT experiments were performed for two of the most promising hybrids, 19 and 22. We identified hybrid 19 with excellent selectivity to inhibit cell proliferation and ability to induce necrosis/apoptosis of glioblastoma U87 MG cell line. Furthermore, derivative 22, bearing a water-solubility-enhancing moiety, showed moderate inhibition of cell proliferation in both U87 MG and colorectal HT-29 cell lines. Additionally, the HT-29 cells accumulated adequate levels of boron after hybrids 19 and 22 incubations rendering, and after neutron irradiation, higher BNCT-effects than BPA. The attractive profile of developed hybrids makes them interesting agents for combined therapy.This research was funded by FCE-ANII (FCE_3_2018_1_148288), Institut Pasteur de Montevideo— FOCEM. M.C., M.F.G., E.T., and H.C. are Sistema Nacional de Investigadores- Agencia Nacional de Investigación e Innovación (ANII) researchers. M.C. thanks CSIC-Universidad de la República (UdelaR) (Grupo I + D, CSIC-421) for his scholarships. M.C. thanks funding from ANII for his doctoral-scholarship (POS_NAC_2015_1_110068). C.V. and F.T. thanks MINECO (CTQ2016-75150-R) for financial support.Peer reviewe

Cultura de izquierda, violencia y política en América Latina

Estudiar "las izquierdas" en América Latina requiere algunas precisiones conceptuales para definir qué se entiende por izquierda y derecha. Como ya se dijo, ellas son históricamente construidas a partir de una metáfora heredada de la Revolución Francesa que, con el tiempo, cobra fuerza identitaria en el terreno político. Son términos antitéticos excluyentes pero mutuamente necesarios, pues la una no puede existir sin la otra. Por supuesto el espectro político admite muchos matices intermedios, aunque los extremos antitéticos son los que lo definen

Tres cultivos – tres perspectivas

n.d.Marcolini, Silvina; Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Estadística; Universidad Nacional de Rosario; Argentin