Volatile compounds other than CO2 emitted by different microorganisms promote distinct post-transcriptionally regulated responses in plants

Resumen de la conferenciaUsing a “box-in-box” co-cultivation system we have investigated plant responses to microbial volatile compounds (VCs), and evaluated the contributions of organic and inorganic VCs (VOCs and VICs, respectively) to these responses. Arabidopsis plants were exposed to VCs emitted by adjacent Alternaria alternata and Penicillium aurantiogriseum cultures, with and without charcoal filtration. No VOCs were detected in the headspace of growth chambers containing fungal cultures with charcoal filters. However, these growth chambers exhibited elevated CO2 and bioactive CO and NO headspace concentrations. Independently of charcoal filtration, VCs from both fungal phytopathogens promoted growth and distinct developmental changes. Plants cultured at CO2 levels observed in growth boxes containing fungal cultures were identical to those cultured at ambient CO2. Plants exposed to charcoal-filtered fungal VCs, non-filtered VCs, or super-elevated CO2 levels exhibited transcriptional changes resembling those induced by increased irradiance. Thus, in the “box-in-box” system, (a) fungal VICs other than CO2 and/or VOCs not detected by our analytical systems strongly influence the plants´ responses to fungal VCs, (b) different microorganisms release VCs with distinct action potentials, (c) transcriptional changes in VC-exposed plants are mainly due to enhanced photosynthesis signaling, and (d) regulation of some plant responses to fungal VCs is primarily posttranscriptional.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech Esta conferencia cuenta con la financiación de una ayuda a conferenciantes de los fondos de los que dispone el Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica (UMA) para tal fin

De la ciudad pictórica a la ciudad digital

La representación de la ciudad en las artes plásticas, y más concretamente en la pintura, ha ido evolucionando a lo largo de la historia, tanto por la incorporación de las nuevas técnicas pictóricas, ópticas, cinematográficas y digitales, como por la importancia creciente que el espacio urbano ha ido adquiriendo en la vida del hombre. Desde las ciudades que aparecían en la lejanía o a través de una ventana en los cuadros de los flamencos primitivos hasta la gran metrópolis en las que se desarrollan los videojuegos actuales, la imagen de la ciudad ha ido haciéndose más compleja y artificial.The representation of the city in the arts, and specifically in painting, has evolved throughout history, both because of the incorporation of new pictorial, optical, cinematographic and digital techniques as because of the growing importance of urban space in human life. From the cities appearing in the distance or through a window in the paintings of the early Flemish school to the great metropolis in which contemporary videogames take place, the image of the city has become more complex and artificial

Interact & aspire high: Contextual conditions of acculturation and educational aspirations

Although education is central for minorities’ integration, there are large achievement gaps between minority and majority students as a result of pervasive educational inequalities. Efforts to advance the educational outcomes of minority children have identified that parental beliefs about the education of their children are significantly influential on the children’s attainment. Given that these beliefs are dependent on the acculturation of the parents; improvements in intergroup contact, described as an antecedent of acculturation, could potentially produce beneficial educational outcomes for the children. This study aims to understand the educational aspirations Roma parents have for their children, drawing on intergroup contact and acculturation theories. The Roma is the largest minority in Europe and subject to many educational inequalities, so this approach could potentially help to improve their situation. Specifically, we examined how Roma parents’ frequency and quality of interaction with non-Roma individuals are related to their educational aspirations, and to what extent can this relationship be explained by their psychological process of acculturation. 242 Roma parents in Portugal participated in a survey study. Overall results revealed that an increase in intergroup contact frequency of the parents is related to higher educational aspirations for their children, and this positive effect is mediated by a decrease in their preference for culture maintenance. Moreover, the gender of the child and the socioeconomic status of parents were important predictors of parental educational aspirations. Implications for research and policy are discussed

Optimization of cycle paths with mathematical programming

ABSTRACT: The recent evolution and development of urban areas has dramatically transformed the layout of cities and has had a significant impact on mobility. Decision makers have become aware of the problem and have begun to take measures to manage the changing demand for mobility through the diversification and promotion of less aggressive and more efficient transport modes: walking, cycling and using public transport. New standards in sustainable mobility are being incorporated into this new scenario to encourage a reduction in car use. These standards form the basis for the design of planning tools and more efficient management systems, among them, encouraging the use of bicycles as an everyday mode of mobility in urban areas. There are a number of programs aimed at the promotion of cycling in cities. One in particular is for the planning and design of cycle paths through the establishment of networks that allow the use of bicycles in preferential paths with high safety guarantees. This paper presents a mathematical programming model for the optimal design of a network intended for cyclists. Specifically, the model determines which type of infrastructure (type of bike lane) is most appropriate on each link of a road network, based on criteria of cost to users and the investment cost of the infrastructure itself. As an application of the proposed model, several experiments are presented on a testing network based on the known Sioux Falls network. As a result of these experiments a number of useful conclusions are obtained for the design of cycle networks from a social and operational perspective within a pre-defined cost. The model has been developed to be highly versatile and to allow any type of change ( different network, different levels of demand , etc ...) and to assure the least consumption of computational resources.The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support provided by the Spanish Ministry of Economía y Competitividad in project TRA2012-39466-C02-02

Tirso de Molina, La Huerta de Juan Fernández.

Sin resume

Roman Jakobson.

Sin resume

Los espacios compartidos ("Shared space")

El concepto de Espacio Compartido, traducción literal de "Shared Space", nace formalmente con la puesta en marcha del proyecto europeo así titulado, que forma parte del programa IIIB, del Mar del Norte. "Shared Space" se inició en 2004 y su duración como proyecto financiado en parte por la Unión Europea finalizará en 2008, tras haber promovido siete proyectos piloto en Alemania, Bélgica, Dinamarca, Holanda e Inglaterra. Sin embargo, "Shared Space" no es sino una nueva denominación para una técnica con décadas de historia, desarrollada fundamentalmente en Holanda y que puso en práctica nuevos criterios para la regulación del tráfico y el diseño del espacio público, basados en la eliminación de toda señalización reguladora, en resaltar el contexto urbano del espacio vial y en la coexistencia e integración espacial de los diferentes usuarios. Analizar la experiencia existente de construcción y funcionamiento de espacios compartidos y evaluar la posibilidad de aplicar sus criterios a algunas de las calles o áreas de los centros de las ciudades españolas es el objeto del trabajo que se presenta a continuación

SPACE PHASOR TRANSIENT ANALYSIS OF ASYMMETRICAL A.C. MACHINES WITH SPACE HARMONICS

The paper develops the Space Phasor Theory for obtaining the harmonic phasor equations of a balanced winding of m asymmetrical phases. Some Equivalence Principles are stated and some equivalent harmonic space phasors of e.m.f. and voltage are defined. This enables us to analyse the effect of all harmonics on a winding using few equations. The authors give a physical interpretation of the harmonic phasor equations and represent them by means of space phasor diagrams. A phasor study of an asynchronous machine with harmonics of both the winding distribution and air-gap irregularities is also given

De la ciudad pictórica a la ciudad digital

La representación de la ciudad en las artes plásticas, y más concretamente en la pintura, ha ido evolucionando a lo largo de la historia, tanto por la incorporación de las nuevas técnicas pictóricas, ópticas, cinematográficas y digitales, como por la importancia creciente que el espacio urbano ha ido adquiriendo en la vida del hombre. Desde las ciudades que aparecían en la lejanía o a través de una ventana en los cuadros de los flamencos primitivos hasta la gran metrópolis en las que se desarrollan los videojuegos actuales, la imagen de la ciudad ha ido haciéndose más compleja y artificial

In the balance of social justice: “Legal análisis of the labor process in Spain”

El objetivo de este trabajo de fin de grado es proporcionar una visión general del proceso laboral tal como está estipulado en la Ley Reguladora de la Jurisdicción Social. A través de una exposición clara y accesible, se hará comprender de forma sencilla los aspectos con más relevancia de este proceso. Además de hacer hincapié en el estudio minucioso de algunas modalidades especiales, haciendo énfasis particular al proceso sobre tutela de derechos fundamentales y libertades públicas. Asimismo, se analiza la última reforma de la Ley Procesal que modifica la normativa del ámbito laboral.The aim of this final degree project is to provide an overview of the labour process as stipulated in the Law Regulating the Social Jurisdiction through a clear and accessible exposition, making the most relevant aspects of this process understandable in a simple way. In addition, emphasis is placed on the detailed study of some special modalities, with particular emphasis on the process for the protection of fundamental rights and public liberties. It also analyses the latest reform of the Procedural Law which modifies the regulations in the field of labour law.Grado en Relaciones Laborale