Влияние комплексных рострегулирующих препаратов на урожайность пшеницы озимой (Triticum aestivum L.), выращиваемой после разных предшественников

This is the first time in conditions of Semisavanna of Ukraine when mutual effect of winter wheat precursors and three complex growth-regulating preparations on the growth, development and yield of winter wheat grain has been studied. It has been determined that Antistress, Mars-EL and four amino acid complex preparations can be used for winter wheat growing technology with the aim to increase its yield both during the naked fallow sowing, and after a grain precur- © Позняк В. В., 2019 sor. Greater effect is provided by preparations at winter wheat re-sowing - the yield increase made 0.32-0.81 t/ha. The less significant but stable increase in yield of 0.27-0.59 t/ha is provided by complex growth-regulating preparations during sowing wheat over wheat. Use of the studied complex preparations with a wide range of action throughout the growing season had a positive effect on indicators characterizing growth, development and formation of winter wheat yield. The most effective was the joint use of Antistress and Mars-EL preparations (0.5-0.71 t/ha increase) and all the three drugs together (Antistress + Mars-EL + amino acid complex) when additional 0.59-0.81 t/ha of grain was obtained. Thus, our research has shown that use of new promising growth-regulating agents for winter wheat growing technology makes it possible to implement its genetic potential and increase yield more efficiently, which undoubtedly is of a great importance for agricultural farms specializing in production of this crop.Впервые в условиях Степи Украины изучено взаимовлияние предшественников пшеницы озимой и трех комплексных рострегулирующих препаратов на рост, развитие и формирование урожайности зерна пшеницы озимой. Установлено, что препараты Антистресс, Марс-ЕL и комплекс четырех аминокислот могут использоваться в технологии выращивания пшеницы озимой с целью повышения ее урожайности как при размещении ее посевов по чистому пару, так и по зерновому предшественнику. Больший эффект обеспечивают препараты при повторном посеве пшеницы озимой – рост урожайности составил 0,32–0,81 т/га. Менее значимый, но достоверный прирост урожайности 0,27–0,59 т/га обеспечивают комплексные рострегулирующие препараты при посеве пшеницы по пшенице. Применение исследуемых комплексных препаратов с широким спектром действия на протяжении всей вегетации положительно влияло на показатели, характеризующие рост, развитие и формирование урожайности пшеницы озимой. Наиболее эффективным оказалось совместное применение препаратов Антистресс и Марс-ЕL (прибавка составила 0,5–0,71 т/га) и всех трех препаратов совместно (Антистресс+Марс-ЕL + комплекс аминокислот), где было получено дополнительно 0,59–0,81 т/га зерна. Таким образом, исследования показали, что применение новых перспективных рострегулирующих препаратов в технологии выращивания пшеницы озимой позволяет более эффективно реализовывать ее генетический потенциал и повысить урожайность, что, несомненно, имеет значение для аграрных хозяйств, специализирующихся на производстве зерна этой культуры

The politics of alcohol policy in Nigeria: a critical analysis of how and why brewers use strategic ambiguity to supplant policy initiatives

The global call by the World Health Assembly (WHA) to control the rising alcohol-related problems caused by harmful consumption through policy became necessary in 2005 due to the recognition of the fact that many countries did not have alcohol policies. This gave rise to the adoption of a ten-point policy strategy by the World Health Organization (WHO) Member States in 2010. Against this backdrop, many countries adopted alcohol policies to reduce harmful alcohol consumption. Nigeria was one of the WHO Member Countries that adopted the resolution. Nigeria is among the 30 countries with the highest per capita consumption and alcohol-related problems, yet has not formulated alcohol policy to date. This paper draws on Eisenberg’s Strategic Ambiguity Model to explore the role of brewers in supplanting alcohol policy initiatives in Nigeria. It argues that the leading alcohol producers in Nigeria have been the main reason alcohol policies have not been formulated. The article focuses on why their campaigns for responsible drinking, promotions, sponsorships and ‘strategic social responsibilities’ may have increased since the WHA made the call and the WHO adopted the resolution in 2010. It concludes by arguing that there is an urgent need to formulate policies drawing from the WHO resolution to curtail the activities of these brewers and reduce harmful consumption

Ace2 is an adjacent element of atherosclerosis and covid-19 pathogenesis

COVID-19 is a highly contagious new infection caused by the single-stranded RNA SarsCoV-2 virus. For the first time, this infection was recorded in December 2019 in the Chinese province of Wuhan. The virus presumably crossed the interspecies barrier and passed to humans from a bat. Initially, the disease was considered exclusively in the context of damage to the respiratory system, but it quickly became clear that the disease also entails serious consequences from various systems, including the cardiovascular system. Among these consequences are myocarditis, myocardial damage, subsequent heart failure, myocardial infarction, and Takotsubo syndrome. On the other hand, clinical data indicate that the presence of chronic diseases in a patient aggravates the course and outcome of coronavirus infection. In this context, the relationship between COVID-19 and atherosclerosis, a condition preceding cardiovascular disease and other disorders of the heart and blood vessels, is particularly interesting. The renin-angiotensin system is essential for the pathogenesis of both coronavirus disease and atherosclerosis. In particular, it has been shown that ACE2, an angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, plays a key role in Sars-CoV-2 infection due to its receptor activity. It is noteworthy that this enzyme is important for the normal functioning of the cardiovascular system. Disruptions in its production and functioning can lead to various disorders, including atherosclerosis.Funding: This work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (grant number 18-15-00254).Scopu