Фізична активність і спосіб життя викладачів вищих навачальних закладів у віці 50-65 років

The aim of the work is to study the life style of university teachers at the age of 50-65 years, depending on the level of physical activity and its connection with behavioral habits. Material and methods. For a survey of 150 respondents, a special questionnaire was developed. Anthropometric examination was performed, according to which the body mass index was calculated for each sex-age group according to the generally accepted formula. All data are processed by the method of parametric statistics. Results. The general tendency of all respondents among the majority of respondents indicates that teachers of the elderly spend much of their free time watching TV or reading and have very little physical activity. The majority of the respondents are engaged in housing affairs, but they want to deal with public affairs. There is a tendency for non-smoking, only a small number of those surveyed are smokers, and the others have never smoked, or quit smoking more than 10 years ago. A large number of smokers is observed among the partners of the respondents. The majority have many friends and relatives who can help in achieving the highest level of physical activity, but few partners of the sportsmen are engaged in sports regularly. Some habits that are useful for health are observed in the life styles of all participants in the survey. Conclusion. In general, the obtained data testify to the expediency of searching for effective ways of attracting university teachers of pre-retirement age into active recreational activities. In addition, the study has proved the availability of the necessary spare time reserves.Цель работы – изучить стиль жизни преподавателей университета в возрасте 50-65 лет в зависимости от уровня физической активности и её связь с поведенческими привычками. Материал и методы. Для опроса 150 респондентов была разработана специальная анкета. Проводили антропометрические обследование, по результатам которого для каждой половозрастной группы вычисляли индекс массы тела по общепринятой формуле. Все данные обработаны методом параметрической статистики. Результаты. Общая тенденция всех респондентов среди большинства опрошенных указывает на то, что преподаватели пожилого возраста проводят значительную часть свободного времени за телевизором или чтением и очень мало времени уделяют физической активности. Большинство опрошенных занимаются делами по квартирному хозяйству, но хотят заниматься общественными делами. Наблюдается тенденция к некурения, только незначительную количество опрошенных курит, а остальные никогда не курили, или прекратили курить более 10 лет назад. Большое количество курильщиков наблюдается среди партнеров опрошенных. Большинство имеют много друзей и родственников, которые могут помочь в достижении высшего уровня физической активности, однако мало партнеров опрошенных занимаются спортом регулярно. Некоторые привычки, полезные для здоровья, наблюдаются в жизненных стилях всех участников опроса. Вывод. В целом, полученные данные свидетельствуют о целесообразности поиска эффективных путей привлечения преподавателей вузов предпенсионного возраста в активную рекреационную деятельность. Кроме того, проведенное исследование доказало наличие необходимых для этого резервов свободного времени.Фізична активність і спосіб життя викладачів вищих навачальних закладів у віці 50-65 років. Мета роботи – вивчити стиль життя викладачів університету віком 50-65 років в залежності від рівня фізичної активності та її зв’язок з їх поведінковими звичками. Матеріал і методи. Для опитування 150 респондентів була розроблена спеціальна анкета. Проводили антропометричне обстеження, за результатами якого для кожної статево-вікової групи вираховували індекс маси тіла за загальноприйнятою формулою. Всі результати оброблені методом параметричної статистики. Результати. Загальна тенденція всіх респондентів серед більшості опитаних вказує на те, що викладачі похилого віку проводять значну частину вільного часу за телевізором або читанням і дуже мало часу приділяють фізичній активності. Більшість опитаних займаються справами по квартирному господарству, але хочуть займатися громадськими справами. Спостерігається тенденція до некуріння, тільки незнача кількість опитаних курить, а решта ніколи не курила, або припинили курити понад 10 років тому. Велика кількість курців спостерігається серед партнерів опитаних. Більшість мають багато друзів та родичів, які можуть допомогти у досягненні вищого рівня фізичної активності, однак мало партнерів опитаних займаються спортом регулярно. Деякі звички, корисні для здоров’я спостерігаються у життєвих стилях всіх учасників опитування. Висновок. В цілому, отримані дані свідчать про доцільність пошуку ефективних шляхів залучення викладачів вузів передпенсійного віку в активну рекреаційну діяльність. Крім того, проведене дослідження доказало наявність необхідних для цього резервів вільного часу

Ion-Acoustic Solitons in Bi-Ion Dusty Plasma

The propagation of ion-acoustic solitons in a warm dusty plasma containing two ion species is investigated theoretically. Using an approach based on the Korteveg-de-Vries equation, it is shown that the critical value of the negative ion density that separates the domains of existence of compressi- on and rarefaction solitons depends continuously on the dust density. A modified Korteveg-de Vries equation for the critical density is derived in the higher order of the expansion in the small parameter. It is found that the nonlinear coefficient of this equation is positive for any values of the dust density and the masses of positive and negative ions. For the case where the negative ion density is close to its critical value, a soliton solution is found that takes into account both the quadratic and cubic nonlinearities. The propagation of a solitary wave of arbitrary amplitude is investigated by the quasi-potential method. It is shown that the range of the dust densities around the critical value within which solitary waves with positive and negative potentials can exist simultaneously is relatively wide.Comment: 17 pages, 5 figure

Endothelial cells decode VEGF-mediated Ca2+ signaling patterns to produce distinct functional responses

A single extracellular stimulus can promote diverse behaviors among isogenic cells by differentially regulated signaling networks. We examined Ca2+ signaling in response to VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor), a growth factor that can stimulate different behaviors in endothelial cells. We found that altering the amount of VEGF signaling in endothelial cells by stimulating them with different VEGF concentrations triggered distinct and mutually exclusive dynamic Ca2+ signaling responses that correlated with different cellular behaviors. These behaviors were cell proliferation involving the transcription factor NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T cells) and cell migration involving MLCK (myosin light chain kinase). Further analysis suggested that this signal decoding was robust to the noisy nature of the signal input. Using probabilistic modeling, we captured both the stochastic and deterministic aspects of Ca2+ signal decoding and accurately predicted cell responses in VEGF gradients, which we used to simulate different amounts of VEGF signaling. Ca2+ signaling patterns associated with proliferation and migration were detected during angiogenesis in developing zebrafish

Proceedings of the Scientific-Practical Conference "Research and Development - 2016"

This open access book relates to the III Annual Conference hosted by the Russian Federal Ministry of Education and Science in December 2016. This event has summarized, analyzed and discussed the interim results, academic outputs and scientific achievements of the Russian Federal Targeted Programme for Research and Development in priority areas of development of the Russian Scientific and Technological Complex for 2014-2020. It contains 75 selected papers from 6 areas considered priority by the Federal programme: computer science, ecology & environment sciences; energy and energy efficiency; life sciences; nanoscience & nanotechnology; and transport & communications. The chapters report the results of the 3-years research projects supported by the Programme and finalized in 2016

Effect of Heat Treatment of a Melt on the Structure and Properties of the Corresponding Crystalline Ingots or Castings

Abstract: The modern concepts of the structure of liquid metals and alloys are considered. Several types of microinhomogeneity and microheterogeneity are shown to exist in liquid metal solutions. Their structural state changes as a result of variations in composition, history, temperature, and pressure or the influence of various external actions. Upon subsequent cooling at an appropriate rate, these changes can persist up to liquidus and affect the structure and properties of the solidified alloy. The main attention is paid to the influence of the heating temperature of a liquid metal. For aluminum-based alloys, the possibility of developing the optimum heat-treatment conditions for melting using the results of studying the structure and properties of melts has been shown. This optimized heat treatment of melts is shown to be an effective method to improve the quality of alloys. © 2020, Pleiades Publishing, Ltd

XPS Study of Ion Irradiated and Unirradiated UO2 Thin Films.

XPS determination of the oxygen coefficient kO = 2 + x and ionic (U(4+), U(5+), and U(6+)) composition of oxides UO2+x formed on the surfaces of differently oriented (hkl) planes of thin UO2 films on LSAT (Al10La3O51Sr14Ta7) and YSZ (yttria-stabilized zirconia) substrates was performed. The U 4f and O 1s core-electron peak intensities as well as the U 5f relative intensity before and after the (129)Xe(23+) and (238)U(31+) irradiations were employed. It was found that the presence of uranium dioxide film in air results in formation of oxide UO2+x on the surface with mean oxygen coefficients kO in the range 2.07-2.11 on LSAT and 2.17-2.23 on YSZ substrates. These oxygen coefficients depend on the substrate and weakly on the crystallographic orientation. On the basis of the spectral parameters it was established that uranium dioxide films AP2,3 on the LSAT substrates have the smallest kO values, and from the XRD and EBSD results it follows that these samples have a regular monocrystalline structure. The XRD and EBSD results indicate that samples AP5-7 on the YSZ substrates have monocrystalline structure; however, they have the highest kO values. The observed difference in the kO values was probably caused by the different nature of the substrates: the YSZ substrates provide 6.4% compressive strain, whereas (001) LSAT substrates result only in 0.03% tensile strain in the UO2 films. (129)Xe(23+) irradiation (92 MeV, 4.8 × 10(15) ions/cm(2)) of uranium dioxide films on the LSAT substrates was shown to destroy both long-range ordering and uranium close environment, which results in an increase of uranium oxidation state and regrouping of oxygen ions in uranium close environment. (238)U(31+) (110 MeV, 5 × 10(10), 5 × 10(11), 5 × 10(12) ions/cm(2)) irradiations of uranium dioxide films on the YSZ substrates were shown to form the lattice damage only with partial destruction of the long-range ordering.The irradiation experiment was performed at the Grand Accelé rateur National d ́ ’Ions Lourds (GANIL) Caen, France, and supported by the French Network EMIR. The support in planning and execution of the experiment by the CIMAPCIRIL and the GANIL staff, especially I. Monnet, C. Grygiel, T. Madi, and F. Durantel, is much appreciated. The work was supported by RFBR grant no. 16-03-00914-a and partially supported by M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University Program of Development. A.J.P. acknowledges funding from the UK EPSRC (grant EP/I036400/1) and Radioactive Waste Management Ltd. (formerly the Radioactive Waste Management Directorate of the UK Nuclear Decommissioning Authority, contract NPO004411A-EPS02), a maintenance grant from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (projects 13-03-90916) and CSAR bursary. Thanks are given to A.M. Adamska, G.I. Lampronti, V.A. Lebedev, P.G. Martin, L. Payne, and A.A. Shiryaev for their help in characterization of the samples