Uso de resíduo do extrato aquoso de amendoim na elaboração de bolo sem glúten / Use of residue of peanut exchange in the preparation of gluten free cake

Objetivou-se com a pesquisa testar o uso do resíduo, proveniente da obtenção do extrato aquoso de amendoim, na preparação de bolo em substituição total da farinha de trigo. O resíduo do extrato aquoso de amendoim foi obtido após processamento nos laboratórios da UFCG, sendo realizada a caracterização química e em seguida a elaboração das formulações de bolo sem glúten utilizando resíduo de amendoim e fécula de mandioca nas proporções de 37,5:62,5 (F1); 50:50 (F2) e 62,5:37,5 (F3) e gordura vegetal em substituição à margarina. Os bolos foram caracterizados quanto a sua composição química, análise do perfil de textura e aceitação sensorial das formulações testadas. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância (ANOVA) e, de acordo com a significância do teste F aplicou-se o teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade, utilizando-se o programa computacional ASSISTAT 7.7. Os resultados das análises mostraram que o resíduo possui qualidade química superior ao da farinha de trigo, com maior conteúdo de proteínas e lipídios e que os bolos apresentaram diferença significativa no perfil de textura instrumental, apresentado F2 com as melhores médias. No perfil sensorial as três formulações obtiveram médias superiores a 6, sendo F1 o bolo que obteve as melhores médias ficando todas acima de 7

Câncer de mama: relato de caso e critérios de diagnóstico

Objectives: The objective of the study was to show which of the diagnostic criteria of breast cancer. Case study: M.S.S., 83 years old, female, from the city of Juazeiro do Norte / CE, single, retired by age, nulliparous, diabetic and Alzheimer's. After feeling a severe pain in the breast and a lot of headache, it was taken to the doctor mastologist for a consultation. Upon examination, the doctor diagnosed a lump in the right breast, then requested a mammogram and a breast ultrasound urgently. When looking at the exams, the doctor found that it had a nodule on the right breast, type BI-RADS six, and from the result, asked for some laboratory tests, such as: complete blood count, cytology and a total abdominal ultrasound. Conclusion: According to the analysis of the afore mentioned studies it is seen that there is a need for much more specific criteria, such as faster and more accurate laboratory markers for breast cancer. A task force of Brazilian public policies for the fight against cancer that affects thousands of women in Brazil, a health system more unified and with quality would represent a decrease in the incidence of breast cancer in advanced stages.Objetivos: El objetivo del trabajo fue mostrar cuáles de los criterios de diagnóstico del cáncer de mama. Descripción del caso: M.I.S.S., 83 años, sexo femenino, de la ciudad de Juazeiro do Norte / CE, soltera, jubilada por edad, nulípara, diabética y portadora de Alzheimer. Después de sentir un fuerte dolor en la mama y mucha cefalea, fue llevada al médico mastólogo para una consulta. Al ser examinada, el médico diagnosticó un nódulo en la mama derecha, luego pidió una mamografía y un ultrasonido mamario con urgencia. Al mirar los exámenes, el médico constató que la misma tenía un nódulo en la mama derecha, tipo BI-RADS seis, ya partir del resultado, pidió más algunos exámenes de laboratorio, como: hemograma completo, citología y un ultrasonido abdominal total. Conclusión: De acuerdo con los análisis de los trabajos citados, es necesario que haya criterios más específicos, como exámenes de laboratorio más rápidos y precisos para el cáncer de mama. Una fuerza tarea de las políticas públicas brasileñas para combatir el cáncer que acomete a miles de mujeres en Brasil, un sistema de salud más unificado y con calidad representaría una disminución de la incidencia de cáncer de mama en etapas avanzadas.Objetivos: O objetivo do trabalho foi mostrar quais os de critérios de diagnósticos do câncer de mama. Descrição do caso: M.S.S., 83 anos, sexo feminino, da cidade de Juazeiro do Norte/CE, solteira, aposentada por idade, nulípara, diabética e portadora de Alzheimer. Após sentir uma forte dor na mama e muita cefaléia, foi levada ao médico mastologista para uma consulta. Ao ser examinada, o médico diagnosticou um nódulo na mama direita, em seguida, pediu uma mamografia e um ultrassom mamário com urgência. Ao olhar os exames, o médico constatou que a mesma tinha um nódulo na mama direita, tipo BI-RADS seis, e a partir do resultado, pediu mais alguns exames laboratoriais, como: hemograma completo, citologia e Ultrassonografia de Abdome Total - UAT. Conclusão: De acordo com as análises dos trabalhos supracitados é visto que há necessidade de critérios bem mais específicos, como exames marcadores laboratoriais mais rápidos e precisos para o câncer de mama. Uma força tarefa das políticas públicas brasileiras para o combate ao câncer que acomete milhares de mulheres no Brasil, um sistema de saúde mais unificado e com qualidade representaria uma diminuição da incidência de câncer de mama em estágios avançados

Rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART): Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is associated with high in-hospital mortality. Alveolar recruitment followed by ventilation at optimal titrated PEEP may reduce ventilator-induced lung injury and improve oxygenation in patients with ARDS, but the effects on mortality and other clinical outcomes remain unknown. This article reports the rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART). Methods/Design: ART is a pragmatic, multicenter, randomized (concealed), controlled trial, which aims to determine if maximum stepwise alveolar recruitment associated with PEEP titration is able to increase 28-day survival in patients with ARDS compared to conventional treatment (ARDSNet strategy). We will enroll adult patients with ARDS of less than 72 h duration. The intervention group will receive an alveolar recruitment maneuver, with stepwise increases of PEEP achieving 45 cmH(2)O and peak pressure of 60 cmH2O, followed by ventilation with optimal PEEP titrated according to the static compliance of the respiratory system. In the control group, mechanical ventilation will follow a conventional protocol (ARDSNet). In both groups, we will use controlled volume mode with low tidal volumes (4 to 6 mL/kg of predicted body weight) and targeting plateau pressure <= 30 cmH2O. The primary outcome is 28-day survival, and the secondary outcomes are: length of ICU stay; length of hospital stay; pneumothorax requiring chest tube during first 7 days; barotrauma during first 7 days; mechanical ventilation-free days from days 1 to 28; ICU, in-hospital, and 6-month survival. ART is an event-guided trial planned to last until 520 events (deaths within 28 days) are observed. These events allow detection of a hazard ratio of 0.75, with 90% power and two-tailed type I error of 5%. All analysis will follow the intention-to-treat principle. Discussion: If the ART strategy with maximum recruitment and PEEP titration improves 28-day survival, this will represent a notable advance to the care of ARDS patients. Conversely, if the ART strategy is similar or inferior to the current evidence-based strategy (ARDSNet), this should also change current practice as many institutions routinely employ recruitment maneuvers and set PEEP levels according to some titration method.Hospital do Coracao (HCor) as part of the Program 'Hospitais de Excelencia a Servico do SUS (PROADI-SUS)'Brazilian Ministry of Healt

HIV/AIDS-related visceral leishmaniasis: a clinical and epidemiological description of visceral leishmaniasis in northern Brazil

Introduction: This study aimed to describe the main features of visceral leishmaniasis (VL), both related to and independent of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, in patients who were registered in Tocantins, Brazil. Methods: Data from 1,779 new patients with VL, 33 of whom were also infected with HIV, were reviewed. Results: The incidence of VL/HIV coinfection increased from 0.32/100,000 inhabitants in 2007 to 1.08/100,000 inhabitants in 2010. VL occurred predominantly in children aged 10 years or younger, while VL/HIV was more common in patients aged between 18 and 50 years. There were more male patients in the VL/HIV group than in the VL group. Relapse rates were also considerably higher in the VL/HIV (9.1%) group than in the VL group (1.5%). Despite a similar clinical presentation, VL/HIV patients exhibited a higher proportion (24.2%) of concomitant infectious diseases and jaundice. Pentavalent antimonials were used for the initial treatment of VL and VL/HIV infections. However, amphotericin B deoxycholate and liposomal amphotericin B were also widely used in the treatment of VL/HIV coinfection. The mortality rate was higher in the VL/HIV coinfection group (19.4%) than in the VL group (5.4%). Furthermore, the mortality rate due to other causes was significantly higher in the VL/HIV group (12.9%) than in the VL group (0.7%). Conclusions: The study showed that the incidence, clinical characteristics and outcomes among the VL and VL/HIV patients in this state are similar to those from other endemic regions, indicating that both infections are emerging with increasing frequency in Brazil

Características físicas de sementes de milho crioulo da Paraíba

The development of local and regional seed banks as well as the subsequent evaluation of their quality are one of the alternatives that can prevent or minimize the loss of the biodiversity of creole seeds. The objective of this study was to evaluate the physical characteristics of Creole corn seeds stored in the Regional Seed Bank of the Caiana Community in Soledade, Paraiba. In the Laboratory of Storage and Processing of Agricultural Products of the Federal University of Campina Grande, seeds were submitted to physical analysis: water content, thousand seeds weight, seed mass, apparent density, real density, porosity, seed volume, color L *, a *, b *, Chroma C * and darkening index. The Jaboatão maize variety had a higher water content, a thousand seeds weight, grain mass, bulk density and grain volume and the Adelaide variety greater porosity and luminosity.O desenvolvimento de bancos de sementes locais e regionais como também a posterior avaliação da qualidade delas configuram-se uma das alternativas que pode impedir ou minimizar a perda da biodiversidade de sementes crioulas. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar as características físicas de sementes de milho crioulo armazenadas no Banco de Sementes Regional da Comunidade Caiana em Soledade, Paraíba. No Laboratório de Armazenamento e Processamento de Produtos Agrícolas da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, as sementes foram submetidas às análises físicas: teor de água, peso de mil sementes, massa das sementes, densidade aparente, densidade real, porosidade, volume das sementes, cor L*, a*, b*, Chroma C* e índice de escurecimento. A variedade de milho Jaboatão apresentou maior teor de água, peso de mil sementes, massa do grão, densidade aparente e volume do grão e a variedade Adelaide maior porosidade e luminosidade

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora

Rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART): Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Background: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is associated with high in-hospital mortality. Alveolar recruitment followed by ventilation at optimal titrated PEEP may reduce ventilator-induced lung injury and improve oxygenation in patients with ARDS, but the effects on mortality and other clinical outcomes remain unknown. This article reports the rationale, study design, and analysis plan of the Alveolar Recruitment for ARDS Trial (ART). Methods/Design: ART is a pragmatic, multicenter, randomized (concealed), controlled trial, which aims to determine if maximum stepwise alveolar recruitment associated with PEEP titration is able to increase 28-day survival in patients with ARDS compared to conventional treatment (ARDSNet strategy). We will enroll adult patients with ARDS of less than 72 h duration. The intervention group will receive an alveolar recruitment maneuver, with stepwise increases of PEEP achieving 45 cmH(2)O and peak pressure of 60 cmH2O, followed by ventilation with optimal PEEP titrated according to the static compliance of the respiratory system. In the control group, mechanical ventilation will follow a conventional protocol (ARDSNet). In both groups, we will use controlled volume mode with low tidal volumes (4 to 6 mL/kg of predicted body weight) and targeting plateau pressure <= 30 cmH2O. The primary outcome is 28-day survival, and the secondary outcomes are: length of ICU stay; length of hospital stay; pneumothorax requiring chest tube during first 7 days; barotrauma during first 7 days; mechanical ventilation-free days from days 1 to 28; ICU, in-hospital, and 6-month survival. ART is an event-guided trial planned to last until 520 events (deaths within 28 days) are observed. These events allow detection of a hazard ratio of 0.75, with 90% power and two-tailed type I error of 5%. All analysis will follow the intention-to-treat principle. Discussion: If the ART strategy with maximum recruitment and PEEP titration improves 28-day survival, this will represent a notable advance to the care of ARDS patients. Conversely, if the ART strategy is similar or inferior to the current evidence-based strategy (ARDSNet), this should also change current practice as many institutions routinely employ recruitment maneuvers and set PEEP levels according to some titration method.13Hospital do Coracao (HCor) as part of the Program 'Hospitais de Excelencia a Servico do SUS (PROADI-SUS)'Brazilian Ministry of Healt

Growing knowledge: an overview of Seed Plant diversity in Brazil

Abstract An updated inventory of Brazilian seed plants is presented and offers important insights into the country's biodiversity. This work started in 2010, with the publication of the Plants and Fungi Catalogue, and has been updated since by more than 430 specialists working online. Brazil is home to 32,086 native Angiosperms and 23 native Gymnosperms, showing an increase of 3% in its species richness in relation to 2010. The Amazon Rainforest is the richest Brazilian biome for Gymnosperms, while the Atlantic Rainforest is the richest one for Angiosperms. There was a considerable increment in the number of species and endemism rates for biomes, except for the Amazon that showed a decrease of 2.5% of recorded endemics. However, well over half of Brazillian seed plant species (57.4%) is endemic to this territory. The proportion of life-forms varies among different biomes: trees are more expressive in the Amazon and Atlantic Rainforest biomes while herbs predominate in the Pampa, and lianas are more expressive in the Amazon, Atlantic Rainforest, and Pantanal. This compilation serves not only to quantify Brazilian biodiversity, but also to highlight areas where there information is lacking and to provide a framework for the challenge faced in conserving Brazil's unique and diverse flora