Blood typing of Hereford genetic markers

El paso inicial de esta investigación ha sido tipificar al Bovino Hereford de Argentina para definirlo mediante la metodología de la Inmunogenética. Se buscaron "expresiones" propias y coincidencias con los "marcadores genéticos sanguíneos" descubiertos en esta raza por otros países. Su gran adaptabilidad a "hábitats" diferentes induce a mantener intacto su germoplasma y enriquecerlo con el agregado de nuevos genes. No obstante su homogeneidad racial, el Hereford Argentino presenta destacado polimorfismo de Marcadores Genéticos en los Sistemas de Grupos Sanguíneos. La metodología utilizada es de reacción hemolítica por fijación de complemento. Los muestreos realizados en los Establecimientos Los Talas, Tandileufu y Las Heras, en el Sistema B revelan mayor frecuencia los fenogrupos A', OxQA' (D') e Y1A'Y'. Se analizan las diferencias de frecuencias grupales en las líneas "mocho" y "astado" en correspondencia a los Sistemas P, C y otros Sistemas.The first step of this research has been to typify Argentine Hereford Cattle, to define it through Immunogenetic methodology. We looked for our expressions and coincidence with blood Genetic Markers discovered in this race by other countries. Its great adaptability to different habitats induce to keep untouched its germoplasm and to make it rich adding new genes. Anyway its racial homogeneity, Argentina Hereford presents high polymorphism in Genetic Markers in Blood Group Systems. It was used Hemolytic Technique using rabbit complement method. The samples done in Los Talas, Tandileufu and Las Heras, in B System reveal more frequency in A', OxQA'(D') and Y1A'Y' phenogroups. We analyzed the differences in group frequencies in "polled" and "horned" in correspondence to B, and other Systems.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

Blood typing of Hereford genetic markers

El paso inicial de esta investigación ha sido tipificar al Bovino Hereford de Argentina para definirlo mediante la metodología de la Inmunogenética. Se buscaron "expresiones" propias y coincidencias con los "marcadores genéticos sanguíneos" descubiertos en esta raza por otros países. Su gran adaptabilidad a "hábitats" diferentes induce a mantener intacto su germoplasma y enriquecerlo con el agregado de nuevos genes. No obstante su homogeneidad racial, el Hereford Argentino presenta destacado polimorfismo de Marcadores Genéticos en los Sistemas de Grupos Sanguíneos. La metodología utilizada es de reacción hemolítica por fijación de complemento. Los muestreos realizados en los Establecimientos Los Talas, Tandileufu y Las Heras, en el Sistema B revelan mayor frecuencia los fenogrupos A', OxQA' (D') e Y1A'Y'. Se analizan las diferencias de frecuencias grupales en las líneas "mocho" y "astado" en correspondencia a los Sistemas P, C y otros Sistemas.The first step of this research has been to typify Argentine Hereford Cattle, to define it through Immunogenetic methodology. We looked for our expressions and coincidence with blood Genetic Markers discovered in this race by other countries. Its great adaptability to different habitats induce to keep untouched its germoplasm and to make it rich adding new genes. Anyway its racial homogeneity, Argentina Hereford presents high polymorphism in Genetic Markers in Blood Group Systems. It was used Hemolytic Technique using rabbit complement method. The samples done in Los Talas, Tandileufu and Las Heras, in B System reveal more frequency in A', OxQA'(D') and Y1A'Y' phenogroups. We analyzed the differences in group frequencies in "polled" and "horned" in correspondence to B, and other Systems.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

Immuno genetic investigations in the Argentine creole cattle genetic markers

En consideración al "primitivismo" del Bovino Criollo, se realiza un somero estudio filogénico tratando de ubicar este tipo de ganado para investigaciones inmunogenéticas futuras, vinculadas a poblaciones de habitats regionales, en la República Argentina y otros países. Los Marcadores Inmunogenéticos en Longhorn Americano descubiertos por MILLER, y en Bovino Criollo, revelaron total identidad en ambas razas, con 76 % de Paralelismo en el Sistema B. Se efectuaron estudios por el Método "Toro-familia", para comprobar la segregación de Fenogrupos sanguíneos y serogenéticos en la descendencia.Considering the primitivism of the Creole Cattle, it is made a phylogenetic study trying to settle this cattle for future Immunogenetic researches, relative with cattle of regional habitats, in the República Argentina and other countries. Immunogenetic Markers in American Longhorns and Creole Cattle showed complete identity between both races, with 76 % of parallelism in B System. It was studied by "Toro-familia" method to prove the blood phenogroups segregation and serogenetic groups at the descendant.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

Immuno genetic investigations in the Argentine creole cattle genetic markers

En consideración al "primitivismo" del Bovino Criollo, se realiza un somero estudio filogénico tratando de ubicar este tipo de ganado para investigaciones inmunogenéticas futuras, vinculadas a poblaciones de habitats regionales, en la República Argentina y otros países. Los Marcadores Inmunogenéticos en Longhorn Americano descubiertos por MILLER, y en Bovino Criollo, revelaron total identidad en ambas razas, con 76 % de Paralelismo en el Sistema B. Se efectuaron estudios por el Método "Toro-familia", para comprobar la segregación de Fenogrupos sanguíneos y serogenéticos en la descendencia.Considering the primitivism of the Creole Cattle, it is made a phylogenetic study trying to settle this cattle for future Immunogenetic researches, relative with cattle of regional habitats, in the República Argentina and other countries. Immunogenetic Markers in American Longhorns and Creole Cattle showed complete identity between both races, with 76 % of parallelism in B System. It was studied by "Toro-familia" method to prove the blood phenogroups segregation and serogenetic groups at the descendant.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

Immuno genetic investigations in the Argentine creole cattle genetic markers

En consideración al "primitivismo" del Bovino Criollo, se realiza un somero estudio filogénico tratando de ubicar este tipo de ganado para investigaciones inmunogenéticas futuras, vinculadas a poblaciones de habitats regionales, en la República Argentina y otros países. Los Marcadores Inmunogenéticos en Longhorn Americano descubiertos por MILLER, y en Bovino Criollo, revelaron total identidad en ambas razas, con 76 % de Paralelismo en el Sistema B. Se efectuaron estudios por el Método "Toro-familia", para comprobar la segregación de Fenogrupos sanguíneos y serogenéticos en la descendencia.Considering the primitivism of the Creole Cattle, it is made a phylogenetic study trying to settle this cattle for future Immunogenetic researches, relative with cattle of regional habitats, in the República Argentina and other countries. Immunogenetic Markers in American Longhorns and Creole Cattle showed complete identity between both races, with 76 % of parallelism in B System. It was studied by "Toro-familia" method to prove the blood phenogroups segregation and serogenetic groups at the descendant.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

Creole cattle natural antibodies: are they genetic markers?

Los “anticuerpos naturales” del suero, en Bovinos Criollos, orientan otra pauta de los “Marcadores genéticos sanguíneos” para IDENTIFICACION Y PRESERVACION de su GERMOPLASMA. Se trabajó con dos rodeos de 82 Bovinos Criollos, aplicando la metodología siguiente: a) Extracción de muestras de sangre a cada animal por vía yugular, b) Tipificación sanguínea por el “Método hemolítico” con fijación de Complemento Fresco de Conejo, c) Especificidad de los Inmunosueros Naturales “anti-factores sanguíneos”, por “absorciones” con eritrocitos bovinos de Grupos Sanguíneos conocidos. Se detectaron anti-J anti-V, etc. Se comprueba que la producción natural de anticuerpos antifactores sanguí- neos en Bovinos, cualquiera sea su especificidad, invariablemente está asociada a la negatividad del Sistema J, considerándose, además, que no es improbable que el gene o genes vinculados a esta particularidad, pongan en juego algún mecanismo defensivo en individuos de alta resistencia en Areas Marginales. Se discute si los anticuerpos naturales representarían un nuevo tipo de Marcadores Inmunogenéticos.Serum natural antibodies in creole Cattle bear other patterns of the “blood genetic markers” for their GERMPLASM IDENTIFICATION and their corresponding PRESERVATION. We worked with several herd or Creole Cattle (Criollos) from different areas of Argentina, but this report corresponds to two herds of 82 Creole Cattle or “Criollos” from Experimental Farm of Balcarce - INTA - (Argentina) using the following methodology. a) the blood samples of each animal (sera and red cells) were collected from yugular vein, b) red cell samples from every animal were typed with 60 reagents (From Iowa State University, USA), plus some replicate and experimental Argentine reagents, plus rabbit complement (Selected rabbit sera stored fresh frozen), c) specificity of natural “anti-blood factors” isoimmunosera were determined by absorptions using bovine red cells of well-know blood groups. It was detected anti-J, anti-V, one serum that reacts as anti-M, and others not identified antibodies. The increasing number of discoveries of specific and differential blood group and histocompatibility antigens, with its corresponding natural antibodies and those produced by immunization, has enriched the knowledged of the animal genetic individuality. When it was disposable family inheritance data on this phenomenon were studied. It is discussed if natural isoantibodies of bovine normal sera would represent a new type of Immunogenetic Markers; or whether natural isoantibodies are alsoundcr the influence of associated environmental factors.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

Some proves about studies in relation to immuno genetic markers and selective process in creole cattle

Se estudian los tipos sanguíneos eritrocitarios en Bovino Criollo Argentino, encontrándose posibles nuevos fenogrupos del Sistema B en esta raza. La metodología utilizada ha sido "Técnica hemolítica con fijación de complemento". En el análisis de las frecuencias génicas de los Sistemas Sanguíneos de un rodeo seleccionado comparativamente con otro rodeo introducido a la SEEA de Leales, INTA, Tucumán, se observaron diferencias significativas (P1 y Z2 ), no observándose diferencias significativas (hasta el presente) en los Sistemas C, F - V, 5, A, L, J, M y R' - 5' Destacamos la segregación de probables nuevos fenogrupos en el Sistema B tales como BGKO~O', py1 A', E3' G', B2C~ O', BGKC~ Y1E~ O', que significaría el agregado de aleles no detectados anteriormente, con el consiguiente incremento del destacado polimorfismo de Marcadores Genéticos característicos del Bovino Criollo Argentino.We studied Erythrocyte Blood Types in Argentine Creole Cattle, finding new phenogroups of B system. We have used Hemolytic Technics using Rabbit Complement Method-Genic frequency analysis of Blood Systems of a selected Herd comparatively with another Herd introduced to SEEA of Leales, INTA, Tucumán, we observed significant differences (P1 and Z2 alleles) we did not observe significant deferences (until now) in C, F V, 5, A, L, J, M and R' 5' Systems. We point out segregation in probable new phenogroups in B System, such as: BGKC~ O', PY1 A',E3'G', B2 OxO'~ BGKO~YiE3' O', which would mean adding alleles non detected before, increasing the great polimorphism of characteristic Genetic Markers of Argentine Creole Cattle.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

Some proves about studies in relation to immuno genetic markers and selective process in creole cattle

Se estudian los tipos sanguíneos eritrocitarios en Bovino Criollo Argentino, encontrándose posibles nuevos fenogrupos del Sistema B en esta raza. La metodología utilizada ha sido "Técnica hemolítica con fijación de complemento". En el análisis de las frecuencias génicas de los Sistemas Sanguíneos de un rodeo seleccionado comparativamente con otro rodeo introducido a la SEEA de Leales, INTA, Tucumán, se observaron diferencias significativas (P1 y Z2 ), no observándose diferencias significativas (hasta el presente) en los Sistemas C, F - V, 5, A, L, J, M y R' - 5' Destacamos la segregación de probables nuevos fenogrupos en el Sistema B tales como BGKO~O', py1 A', E3' G', B2C~ O', BGKC~ Y1E~ O', que significaría el agregado de aleles no detectados anteriormente, con el consiguiente incremento del destacado polimorfismo de Marcadores Genéticos característicos del Bovino Criollo Argentino.We studied Erythrocyte Blood Types in Argentine Creole Cattle, finding new phenogroups of B system. We have used Hemolytic Technics using Rabbit Complement Method-Genic frequency analysis of Blood Systems of a selected Herd comparatively with another Herd introduced to SEEA of Leales, INTA, Tucumán, we observed significant differences (P1 and Z2 alleles) we did not observe significant deferences (until now) in C, F V, 5, A, L, J, M and R' 5' Systems. We point out segregation in probable new phenogroups in B System, such as: BGKC~ O', PY1 A',E3'G', B2 OxO'~ BGKO~YiE3' O', which would mean adding alleles non detected before, increasing the great polimorphism of characteristic Genetic Markers of Argentine Creole Cattle.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

The lived experience of psychosis: a bottom-up review co-written by experts by experience and academics

: Psychosis is the most ineffable experience of mental disorder. We provide here the first co-written bottom-up review of the lived experience of psychosis, whereby experts by experience primarily selected the subjective themes, that were subsequently enriched by phenomenologically-informed perspectives. First-person accounts within and outside the medical field were screened and discussed in collaborative workshops involving numerous individuals with lived experience of psychosis as well as family members and carers, representing a global network of organizations. The material was complemented by semantic analyses and shared across all collaborators in a cloud-based system. The early phases of psychosis (i.e., premorbid and prodromal stages) were found to be characterized by core existential themes including loss of common sense, perplexity and lack of immersion in the world with compromised vital contact with reality, heightened salience and a feeling that something important is about to happen, perturbation of the sense of self, and need to hide the tumultuous inner experiences. The first episode stage was found to be denoted by some transitory relief associated with the onset of delusions, intense self-referentiality and permeated self-world boundaries, tumultuous internal noise, and dissolution of the sense of self with social withdrawal. Core lived experiences of the later stages (i.e., relapsing and chronic) involved grieving personal losses, feeling split, and struggling to accept the constant inner chaos, the new self, the diagnosis and an uncertain future. The experience of receiving psychiatric treatments, such as inpatient and outpatient care, social interventions, psychological treatments and medications, included both positive and negative aspects, and was determined by the hope of achieving recovery, understood as an enduring journey of reconstructing the sense of personhood and re-establishing the lost bonds with others towards meaningful goals. These findings can inform clinical practice, research and education. Psychosis is one of the most painful and upsetting existential experiences, so dizzyingly alien to our usual patterns of life and so unspeakably enigmatic and human

COVID-19 symptoms at hospital admission vary with age and sex: results from the ISARIC prospective multinational observational study

Background: The ISARIC prospective multinational observational study is the largest cohort of hospitalized patients with COVID-19. We present relationships of age, sex, and nationality to presenting symptoms. Methods: International, prospective observational study of 60 109 hospitalized symptomatic patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 recruited from 43 countries between 30 January and 3 August 2020. Logistic regression was performed to evaluate relationships of age and sex to published COVID-19 case definitions and the most commonly reported symptoms. Results: ‘Typical’ symptoms of fever (69%), cough (68%) and shortness of breath (66%) were the most commonly reported. 92% of patients experienced at least one of these. Prevalence of typical symptoms was greatest in 30- to 60-year-olds (respectively 80, 79, 69%; at least one 95%). They were reported less frequently in children (≤ 18 years: 69, 48, 23; 85%), older adults (≥ 70 years: 61, 62, 65; 90%), and women (66, 66, 64; 90%; vs. men 71, 70, 67; 93%, each P < 0.001). The most common atypical presentations under 60 years of age were nausea and vomiting and abdominal pain, and over 60 years was confusion. Regression models showed significant differences in symptoms with sex, age and country. Interpretation: This international collaboration has allowed us to report reliable symptom data from the largest cohort of patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19. Adults over 60 and children admitted to hospital with COVID-19 are less likely to present with typical symptoms. Nausea and vomiting are common atypical presentations under 30 years. Confusion is a frequent atypical presentation of COVID-19 in adults over 60 years. Women are less likely to experience typical symptoms than men