New species of fungus gnats (Diptera: Mycetophilidae) from the Kivach Nature Reserve, Russian Karelia

Eleven new species of fungus gnats are described from Kivach Nature Reserve, Russian Karelia: Mycomya indistincta Polevoi sp.n., Boletina triangularis Polevoi sp.n., B. minuta Polevoi sp.n., B. populina Polevoi sp.n., B. onegensis Polevoi sp.n., Allodia vernalis Polevoi sp.n., Brevicornu neofasciculatum A. Zaitzev sp.n., B. setigerum A. Zaitzev sp.n., B. parafennicum A. Zaitzev sp.n., Dynatosoma dihaeta Polevoi sp.n., Phronia myrtilli Polevoi sp.n. Illustrations of male genitalia and ecological data are provided. Brevi cornu improvisum A. Zaitzev is recorded for the first time from the Palearctic region

New species of the genus Boletina Winnertz (Diptera: Mycetophilidae) from Fennoscandia

Nine new species of the fungus-gnat genus Boletina Winnertz (B. falcata sp. n., B. hedstroemi sp. n., B. struthioides sp. n., B. kivachiana sp. n., B. fennoscandica sp. n., B. lapponica sp. n., B. subtriangularis sp. n., B. atridentata sp. n. and B. cordata sp. n.) are described from Russian Karelia, Finland and Sweden. The descriptions are based on recently collected specimens as well as on the old material deposited in the collection of the Museum of Natural History, Helsinki, Finland. Most of the collecting localities are situated in oldgrowth reservations or habitats suggested to protection. Detailed descriptions and illustrations of genitalia are given. Ecological data and information on closely related species are provided

Two new species of the genus Phronia Winnertz (Diptera: Mycetophilidae) from Finland and Russian Karelia

Phronia avidoides sp.n. and Phronia fennica sp.n. are described based on several adult males collected by Malaise trapping, sweep-netting and rearing from decaying wood in Finland and Russian Karelia in the period 1989–2005. Detailed illustrations of male terminalia are also presented for three further closely related but poorly known species, Phronia avida Gagne, 1975, Phronia petulans Dziedzicki, 1889 and Phronia subsilvatica Hackman, 1970

Coelosynapha, a new genus of the subfamily Gnoristinae (Diptera: Mycetophilidae) with a circumpolar, Holarctic distribution

Background - The subfamily Gnoristinae is one of the most diverse and taxonomically difficult subfamilies of Mycetophilidae, with new species and genera being described almost every year from various parts of the world. Through inventories of fungus gnats in the Nordic Region and Russia, a genus and species new to science was discovered, yet with links back to an illustration made by the late French entomologist Loïc Matile in the 1980s. DNA barcoding aligned it with yet another species new to science, distributed across Canada and documented through The Barcode of Life Data System (BOLD) by Paul D. N. Hebert and colleagues at the BOLD team. New information - The new Holarctic genus, Coelosynapha gen. n. is described, consisting of two new species, the Palaearctic Coelosynapha loici sp. n. and the Nearctic Coelosynapha heberti sp. n. DNA-barcodes assign the two new species to distinctly separated (8.27% p-distance) Barcode Index Numbers (BINs) which are most closely aligned to unidentified species of Mycetophilidae from South Australia and Costa Rica on BOLD. The new genus shows morphological characteristics in between the two Holarctic genera Coelosia Winnertz, 1864 and Synapha Meigen, 1818 and further shows affinity to the southern continents genus Austrosynapha Tonnoir, 1929. The Palaearctic Coelosynapha loici sp. n., for which habitat requirements are best documented, is largely restricted to pristine, old-growth conifer (mostly spruce, Picea abies ssp. obovata) forests within the boreal vegetation zone, although it is also recorded from hummock tundra along the Anadyr River in Far East Russia

Fungus gnats (Diptera: Bolitophilidae, Diadocidiidae, Keroplatidae and Mycetophilidae) new to Finland

Thirty-seven species of fungus gnats new to Finland are reported. Eleven of these are reported in Fennoscandia for the first time: Diadocidia fissa Zaitzev, Macrocera estonica Landrock, M. nigricoxa Winnertz, M. pusilla Meigen, Boletina pallidula Edwards, Mycetophila morata Zaitzev, M. ostentanea Zaitzev, Trichonta nigritula Edwards, T. subterminalis Zaitzev & Menzel, Neoempheria winnertzi Edwards and Neuratelia sintenisi Lackschewitz. The records are based on original material collected in large-scale trapping projects in Southern and Eastern Finland mainly in old-growth forests during 1997–1998. Detailed information on Finnish findings, and data on the general distribution of the species are given. Several species are known with only one (typematerial) or a few previous records ranging from Norway to Sakhalin. For two poorly-known species, Neuratelia sintenisi Lackschewitz and Rymosia pinnata Ostroverkhova, new figures of male genitalia are presented

A Rarely Seen Taxonomic Revision with Immense Value for 41 Years and Counting: Reflections on the 1981 Monograph of Trichonta Winnertz, 1864 (Diptera: Mycetophilidae) by Raymond Gagné, with an Integrative Revision of the Trichonta Vulcani (Dziedzicki, 1889) Species Complex.

We celebrate Raymond J. Gagné for his contributions to taxonomy of the Mycetophilidae (Diptera), specifically for his forty-one-years-old monograph of Holarctic Trichonta Winnertz, 1864 that is still the primary source used for species identification in the genus. We briefly reflect on his monograph´s impact and demonstrate by use of recent DNA barcode data extracted from BOLD Systems (BOLD) that the model for the distribution of Holarctic Mycetophilidae that Gagné presented in the monograph still holds up to scrutiny. To demonstrate the refined species concept now being applied by use of an integrative taxonomic approach that includes DNA barcodes, we revise a small, but distinct, species complex that Gagné recognized as one morphologically defined species and used as an example of an old pan-Holarctic taxon, Trichonta vulcani (Dziedzicki, 1889). We find the Trichonta vulcani species complex (sensu Kallweit 1998) to consist of at least six species in the Holarctic Region of which three are being described as new to science: Trichonta japonica Kurina, new species (East Palearctic), Trichonta neovulcani Kjaerandsen, new species (East Nearctic), Trichonta raymondgagnei Kjaerandsen, new species (Holarctic), Trichonta trifida Lundstrom, 1909 (wide Palearctic), Trichonta tristis (Strobl, 1898) (wide Palearctic), and Trichonta vulcani (Dziedzicki, 1889) (wide Palearctic). All six species are distinctly separated by DNA barcodes that correspond well to minor, but constant, differences in their male terminalia. However, one of the widespread species, Trichonta trifida, displays some genetic and morphological differentiation between western and eastern Palaearctic populations. We presently consider these populations conspecific pending broader sampling. We further propose a replacement name Trichonta nepalensis Kjaerandsen, new name for Trichonta superba Gagné, 1981, a junior primary homonym of Trichonta superba Ostroverkhova, 1979, the latter being a junior secondary synonym of Trichonta tristis (Strobl, 1898)

First records of two remarkable Coleoptera species Cucujus cinnaberinus and Metoecus paradoxus (Coleoptera: Cucujidae, Rhipiphoridae) from the Republic of Karelia (Russia)

Viable populations of two remarkable Coleoptera species – Cucujus cinnaberinus (Cucujidae) and Metoecus paradoxus (Rhipiphoridae) are reported for the first time from the Republic of Karelia (Russia). Cucujus cinnaberinus is a threatened species in northern Europe while Metoecus paradoxus is a widespread Palaearctic species actively dispersing northwards. Both species were found in the nature protected areas by the local staff. This evidences the importance of such territories for preserving and monitoring the populations of rare and poorly known species

Intranasal Oxytocin Blocks Alcohol Withdrawal in Human Subjects

The neuropeptide, oxytocin, has been reported to block tolerance formation to alcohol and decrease withdrawal symptoms in alcohol-dependent rodents. Numerous recent studies in human subjects indicate that oxytocin administered by the intranasal route penetrates into and exerts effects within the brain

LOCUST-GPU predictions of fast-ion transport and power loads due to ELM-control coils in ITER

The LOCUST-GPU code has been applied to study the fast-ion transport and loss caused by resonant magnetic perturbations in the high-performance Q= 10 ITER baseline scenario. The unique computational efficiency of the code is exploited to calculate the impact of the application of the ITER ELM-control-coil system on neutral beam heating efficiency, as well as producing detailed predictions of the resulting plasma-facing component power loads, for a variety of operational parameters—the toroidal mode number n0, mode spectrum and absolute toroidal phase of the imposed perturbation. The feasibility of continually rotating the perturbations is assessed and shown to be effective at reducing the time-averaged power loads.Through careful adjustment of the relative phase of the applied perturbation in the three rows of coils, peak power loads are found to correlate with reductions in NBI heating efficiency for n= 3 fields. Adjusting the phase this way can increase total NBI system efficiency by approximately 2-3% and reduce peak power loads by up to 0.43 MWm-2. From the point of view of fast-ion confinement, n= 3 ELM control fields are preferred overall to n= 4 fields.In addition, the implementation of 3D magnetic fields in LOCUST is also verified by comparison with the SPIRAL code for a DIII-D discharge with ITER-similar shaping and n= 3 perturbation

First data on long-legged flies (Diptera, Dolichopodidae) of the Onezhskoye Pomorye National Park (Arkhangelsk Region, Russia)

The fauna of Dolichopodidae in the Arkhangelsk Region was studied sporadically and currently in-cludes 50 species. Onezhskoye Pomorye National Park (Arkhangelsk Region, Russia) was established in 2013 to protect the pristine forests and coastal ecosystems of the hardly accessible territories along the White Sea coast of the Onega Peninsula. The insect fauna of the National Park was almost un-known until recently, with only 17 Diptera species from the Culicidae and Chironomidae families listed in the online cadaster. During the short expedition to Onezhskoye Pomorye National Park in July–August 2020, more than 350 Dolichopodidae specimens were collected with yellow pan traps and sweep netting on routes that mainly passed through coastal habitats. Nineteen species of Dolichopodi-dae have been reported for the first time from this territory. Thirteen species are reported for the first time from the Arkhangelsk region, bringing the total number of known species to 63. The species list is given and supplied with brief comments on habitat and distribution. Photos of some typical habitats are provided. Most of the discovered species are widespread throughout the Palaearctic Region. Rarer species include Dolichopus diadema, which probably represents a southern Palaearctic element, and Hydrophorus norvegicus, which was previously known only from Fennoscandia