Le financement participatif est-il le futur de la solidarité ?

Dernier regard d’un de ces « nouveaux acteurs » de la solidarité, celui d’un site de crowdfunding. Cette forme de financement participatif qui s’est fait connaître en soutenant des projets artistiques est également de plus en plus utilisée pour appuyer des projets humanitaires. Elle pourrait bien, à terme, selon l’auteur de cet article, reconfigurer le « marché du don »

Kystes atypiques et tumeurs kystiques du rein : considérations anatomopathologiques, radiologiques et chirurgicales. Conclusions du forum AFU 2007. [Atypical cysts and cystic tumours of the kidney: Histological, radiological and surgical considerations. Conclusions of the AFU 2007 forum.]

International audienceMalignant tumours may have a cystic appearance. They are dominated by multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma, usually low-grade, which rarely metastasize. The Bosniak classification distinguishes non suspicious lesions (type I and II) from suspicious lesions (type III and IV) requiring resection and lesions requiring follow-up (type IIF). The main feature suggestive of malignancy is the enhancement of the septa and the walls of the cyst. Renal cysts classified as IIF require surveillance by contrast-enhanced imaging (CT, MRI or ultrasound). The treatment of cystic tumours is based on surgery. Partial nephrectomy is recommended in this type of tumour regardless of the size. Laparoscopy is a validated technique in experienced hands. Aspiration is not very effective for the treatment of benign cysts, but may be useful for diagnosis. Surgical resection of the roof of the cyst is the most effective technique

Lifespan prolonging mechanisms and insulin upregulation without fat accumulation in long-lived reproductives of a higher termite

ABSTRACT Kings and queens of eusocial termites can live for decades, while queens sustain a nearly maximal fertility. To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying their long lifespan, we carried out transcriptomics, lipidomics and metabolomics in Macrotermes natalensis on sterile short-lived workers, long-lived kings and five stages spanning twenty years of adult queen maturation. Reproductives share gene expression differences from workers in agreement with a reduction of several aging-related processes, involving upregulation of DNA damage repair and mitochondrial functions. Anti-oxidant gene expression is downregulated, while peroxidability of membranes in queens decreases. Against expectations, we observed an upregulated gene expression in fat bodies of reproductives of several components of the IIS pathway, including an insulin-like peptide, Ilp9. This pattern does not lead to deleterious fat storage in physogastric queens, while simple sugars dominate in their hemolymph and large amounts of resources are allocated towards oogenesis. Our findings support the notion that all processes causing aging need to be addressed simultaneously in order to prevent it

Lifespan prolonging mechanisms and insulin upregulation without fat accumulation in long-lived reproductives of a higher termite

Kings and queens of eusocial termites can live for decades, while queens sustain a nearly maximal fertility. To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying their long lifespan, we carried out transcriptomics, lipidomics and metabolomics in Macrotermes natalensis on sterile short-lived workers, long-lived kings and five stages spanning twenty years of adult queen maturation. Reproductives share gene expression differences from workers in agreement with a reduction of several aging-related processes, involving upregulation of DNA damage repair and mitochondrial functions. Anti-oxidant gene expression is downregulated, while peroxidability of membranes in queens decreases. Against expectations, we observed an upregulated gene expression in fat bodies of reproductives of several components of the IIS pathway, including an insulin-like peptide, Ilp9. This pattern does not lead to deleterious fat storage in physogastric queens, while simple sugars dominate in their hemolymph and large amounts of resources are allocated towards oogenesis. Our findings support the notion that all processes causing aging need to be addressed simultaneously in order to prevent it.The International Human Frontier Science Program RGP0060/2018; a fellowship from Université de Paris Est-Créteil (UPEC) and France Génomique (ANR-10-INBS-09-08).https://www.nature.com/commsbiohj2022BiochemistryForestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI)GeneticsMicrobiology and Plant Patholog