Doping of nanocrystalline SnO2 for high sensitivity resistivity sensors to detect H2S (g) in air

In this work, several factors to increase the sensitivity of a high precision resistive type sensor able todetect from (10 to 15) ppm de H2S (g) in air, are considered. It is accepted that the doping of the material sensor (SnO2) increases the dispositive sensibility. Several dopants were proved, concluding that the CuO was the most convenient. Several papers are found in the bibliography presenting different techniques to dope the material sensor but, in this work, an own developed at DEINSO technique was employed, in which the dopant is homogeneously distributed in the SnO2 crystalline lattice. At first, it was proposed to dope the nanocrystalline SnO2 with different CuO concentrations (1 %wt. 5 %wt. and 6 %wt.) to choose the most convenient one, which resulted 5 % wt. CuO. Under these conditions, a more sensible sensor was built and other factors were studied to increase even more the sensitivity. The 5 %wt CuO-SnO2 was deposited on thin films (or layers) forming a multilayers system (which employed from three to six layers or superimposed thin films). The sensor material was characterized with different techniques, such as: DRX, SEM-EDS and GISAXS, which enabled to determinethe mean crystallite size, the multilayer system thickness, the crystallinity, the chemical composition and the layers porosity. With the built sensor, (10 to 15) ppm of H2S (g) in air concentration was measured at an operation temperature (To) of 140 ºC. This finding enabled to solve the request of an ambiance security sensor for the oil cracking plant of an important Argentine oil company.The following subject is not included in this paper but, it is interesting to inform that higher sensitivity of the same described sensor it was possible to detect concentrations from (4 - 5) ppm of H2S (g) in air at To=~ 30 ºC, which makes possible to build a medical use sensor to detect H2S (g) very low concentrations (minor than 5ppm) which are found in halitosis of hepatic maladies.Fil: Poiasina, Mariana Paola. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa. Ministerio de Defensa. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto Sabato; ArgentinaFil: Bianchetti, Mario Fidel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa. Ministerio de Defensa. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa; ArgentinaFil: Heredia, Eduardo Armando. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa. Ministerio de Defensa. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa; ArgentinaFil: Canepa, Horacio Ricardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa. Ministerio de Defensa. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa; ArgentinaFil: Walsöe de Reca, Noemi E.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa. Ministerio de Defensa. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa; Argentin

Sensor de SH 2 (gas) construido con películas delgadas nanocritalinas de SnO 2 en multicapas

El SnO2, puro y dopado, ha sido utilizado desde hace algunas décadas para fabricar sensores de gases de tipo resistivo. El tema se ha retomado en los últimos años porque el mismo material semiconductor, puro o dopado pero nanocristalino ha sido empleado para construir  sensores con ventajas notables. Por ej. la temperatura de operación (Top) de un dispositivo construido con el nanosemiconductor desciende de (350-450) ºC a (180-200) ºC respecto de la del dispositivo construido con el mismo material pero policristalino y convencional y la sensibilidad del segundo aumenta de 30-37% respecto de la del primero. Los autores han construido sensores de gases de alta precisión empleando SnO2 nanocristalino puro y dopado [1, 2] que ya han sido patentados o están en trámite [3]. En este trabajo, se ha sintetizado el SnO2 nanocristalino dopado con CuO para sensar H2S (g) en aire ya que el SnO2 dopado con baja cantidad de (5%p) de CuO resulta un excelente promotor del aumento de la sensibilidad y la selectividad en la detección del H2S (g) [4] a temperaturas cercanas a los 100ºC.Fil: Poiasina, Mariana Paola. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa. Ministerio de Defensa. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa; ArgentinaFil: Bianchetti, Mario Fidel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa. Ministerio de Defensa. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa; ArgentinaFil: Wittemberg, Victor Martin. Ministerio de Defensa. Instituto de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas para la Defensa; ArgentinaFil: Walsöe de Reca, N. E.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa. Ministerio de Defensa. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa; Argentina1as Jornadas de la Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico para la DefensaArgentinaUnidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defens

The WSES/SICG/ACOI/SICUT/AcEMC/SIFIPAC guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of acute left colonic diverticulitis in the elderly

Acute left colonic diverticulitis (ALCD) in the elderly presents with unique epidemiological features when compared with younger patients. The clinical presentation is more nuanced in the elderly population, having higher in-hospital and postoperative mortality. Furthermore, geriatric comorbidities are a risk factor for complicated diverticulitis. Finally, elderly patients have a lower risk of recurrent episodes and, in case of recurrence, a lower probability of requiring urgent surgery than younger patients. The aim of the present work is to study age-related factors that may support a unique approach to the diagnosis and treatment of this problem in the elderly when compared with the WSES guidelines for the management of acute left-sided colonic diverticulitis. During the 1 degrees Pisa Workshop of Acute Care & Trauma Surgery held in Pisa (Italy) in September 2019, with the collaboration of the World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES), the Italian Society of Geriatric Surgery (SICG), the Italian Hospital Surgeons Association (ACOI), the Italian Emergency Surgery and Trauma Association (SICUT), the Academy of Emergency Medicine and Care (AcEMC) and the Italian Society of Surgical Pathophysiology (SIFIPAC), three panel members presented a number of statements developed for each of the four themes regarding the diagnosis and management of ALCD in older patients, formulated according to the GRADE approach, at a Consensus Conference where a panel of experts participated. The statements were subsequently debated, revised, and finally approved by the Consensus Conference attendees. The current paper is a summary report of the definitive guidelines statements on each of the following topics: diagnosis, management, surgical technique and antibiotic therapy.Peer reviewe

Complicated intra-abdominal infections worldwide: the definitive data of the CIAOW Study.

The CIAOW study (Complicated intra-abdominal infections worldwide observational study) is a multicenter observational study underwent in 68 medical institutions worldwide during a six-month study period (October 2012-March 2013). The study included patients older than 18 years undergoing surgery or interventional drainage to address complicated intra-abdominal infections (IAIs).1898 patients with a mean age of 51.6 years (range 18-99) were enrolled in the study. 777 patients (41%) were women and 1,121 (59%) were men. Among these patients, 1,645 (86.7%) were affected by community-acquired IAIs while the remaining 253 (13.3%) suffered from healthcare-associated infections. Intraperitoneal specimens were collected from 1,190 (62.7%) of the enrolled patients.827 patients (43.6%) were affected by generalized peritonitis while 1071 (56.4%) suffered from localized peritonitis or abscesses.The overall mortality rate was 10.5% (199/1898).According to stepwise multivariate analysis (PR = 0.005 and PE = 0.001), several criteria were found to be independent variables predictive of mortality, including patient age (OR = 1.1; 95%CI = 1.0-1.1; p < 0.0001), the presence of small bowel perforation (OR = 2.8; 95%CI = 1.5-5.3; p < 0.0001), a delayed initial intervention (a delay exceeding 24 hours) (OR = 1.8; 95%CI = 1.5-3.7; p < 0.0001), ICU admission (OR = 5.9; 95%CI = 3.6-9.5; p < 0.0001) and patient immunosuppression (OR = 3.8; 95%CI = 2.1-6.7; p < 0.0001). © 2014 Sartelli et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd

2017 WSES and SICG guidelines on acute calcolous cholecystitis in elderly population 11 Medical and Health Sciences 1103 Clinical Sciences

Background: Gallstone disease is very common afflicting 20 million people in the USA. In Europe, the overall incidence of gallstone disease is 18.8% in women and 9.5% in men. The frequency of gallstones related disease increases by age. The elderly population is increasing worldwide. Aim: The present guidelines aims to report the results of the World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES) and Italian Surgical Society for Elderly (SICG) consensus conference on acute calcolous cholecystitis (ACC) focused on elderly population. Material and methods: The 2016 WSES guidelines on ACC were used as baseline; six questions have been used to investigate the particularities in elderly population; the answers have been developed in terms of differences compared to the general population and to statements of the 2016 WSES Guidelines. The Consensus Conference discusses, voted, and modified the statements. International experts contributed in the elaboration of final statements and evaluation of the level of scientific evidences. Results: The quality of the studies available decreases when we approach ACC in elderly. Same admission laparoscopic cholecystectomy should be suggested for elderly people with ACC; frailty scores as well as clinical and surgical risk scores could be adopted but no general consensus exist. The role of cholecystostomy is uncertain. Discussion and conclusions: The evaluation of pro and cons for surgery or for alternative treatments in elderly suffering of ACC is more complex than in young people; also, the oldest old age is not a contraindication for surgery; however, a larger use of frailty and surgical risk scores could contribute to reach the best clinical judgment by the surgeon. The present guidelines offer the opportunity to share with the scientific community a baseline for future researches and discussion

Complicated intra-abdominal infections worldwide : the definitive data of the CIAOW Study

Peer reviewe

Doping of nanocrystalline SnO2 for high sensitivity resistivity sensors to detect H2S (g) in air

In this work, several factors to increase the sensitivity of a high precision resistive type sensor able todetect from (10 to 15) ppm de H2S (g) in air, are considered. It is accepted that the doping of the material sensor (SnO2) increases the dispositive sensibility. Several dopants were proved, concluding that the CuO was the most convenient. Several papers are found in the bibliography presenting different techniques to dope the material sensor but, in this work, an own developed at DEINSO technique was employed, in which the dopant is homogeneously distributed in the SnO2 crystalline lattice. At first, it was proposed to dope the nanocrystalline SnO2 with different CuO concentrations (1 %wt. 5 %wt. and 6 %wt.) to choose the most convenient one, which resulted 5 % wt. CuO. Under these conditions, a more sensible sensor was built and other factors were studied to increase even more the sensitivity. The 5 %wt CuO-SnO2 was deposited on thin films (or layers) forming a multilayers system (which employed from three to six layers or superimposed thin films). The sensor material was characterized with different techniques, such as: DRX, SEM-EDS and GISAXS, which enabled to determinethe mean crystallite size, the multilayer system thickness, the crystallinity, the chemical composition and the layers porosity. With the built sensor, (10 to 15) ppm of H2S (g) in air concentration was measured at an operation temperature (To) of 140 ºC. This finding enabled to solve the request of an ambiance security sensor for the oil cracking plant of an important Argentine oil company.The following subject is not included in this paper but, it is interesting to inform that higher sensitivity of the same described sensor it was possible to detect concentrations from (4 - 5) ppm of H2S (g) in air at To=~ 30 ºC, which makes possible to build a medical use sensor to detect H2S (g) very low concentrations (minor than 5ppm) which are found in halitosis of hepatic maladies.Fil: Poiasina, Mariana Paola. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa. Ministerio de Defensa. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto Sabato; ArgentinaFil: Bianchetti, Mario Fidel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa. Ministerio de Defensa. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa; ArgentinaFil: Heredia, Eduardo Armando. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa. Ministerio de Defensa. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa; ArgentinaFil: Canepa, Horacio Ricardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa. Ministerio de Defensa. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa; ArgentinaFil: Walsöe de Reca, Noemi E.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa. Ministerio de Defensa. Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo Estratégico para la Defensa; Argentin

The Onset of Intra-Abdominal Adhesions during Closed-Abdomen Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy

Introduction: Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is delivered after cytoreductive surgery (CRS) in selected patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis. The closed-abdomen technique, preferred by many centers, prevents heat loss and drug spillage, but does not warrant homogeneous distribution of the perfusion fluid (PF). The hypothesized formation of intra-abdominal adhesions during the closed-abdomen perfusion period has never been described. Materials and Methods: From March 2014 to April 2016, 10 consecutive patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis, selected for CRS, underwent the Laparoscopy-Enhanced HIPEC technique to explore the abdominal cavity during the perfusion. The aim of the study was to investigate the incidence and the extent of intra-abdominal adhesions that are formed after CRS during the perfusion period of closed-abdomen HIPEC. Results: During the perfusion, adhesions developed in 70% of the patients. Adhesions developed mainly in the period between the closure of the abdomen and the subsequent filling of the abdomen with the PF. After their first division, during the following perfusion period, adhesions between the bowel and the abdominal wall reformed in 3 patients (30%). Conclusions: Intra-abdominal adhesions are frequently formed during closed-abdomen HIPEC and can hamper the adequate circulation of the PF. The Laparoscopy-Enhanced technique enables the early detection and the division of any intra-abdominal adhesions