Desinformación de género: análisis de los bulos de Maldito Feminismo

Information disorder (satire or parody, false connections, misleading content, false context, imposter content, manipulated content or fabricated content) must be considered a social problem that is causing collective damages and threating digital society. Women, in particular, are becoming victims of hostilities on the virtual interaction spaces. This problem is currently known as “digital sexism” and “gender disinformation”. In this space, verification journalism, a trendy format, aims to reduce the effects of hoaxes introducing the fact-checking process in its professional routines. However, this is still a minority task. In order to contribute to the study of the disinformation phenomenon in relation to online messages about women, this research has developed a systematic tool to classify hoaxes that have been refuted by the platform Maldita.es, specifically, fake news that has been published on it sections Maldito Feminismo (N=71). The results of this study (internal validity) show that hoaxes detected by Maldito Feminismo are misleading content that expect to damage feminism (this is the main topic of fake news) and have a political purpose. These information disorders are displayed in text format and are mainly created and distributed on social networks. Moreover, although users collaborate and participate detecting and reporting hoaxes, the platform Maldito Feminismo identifies, locates and denounces most of the fake news.El desorden informativo (sátira o parodia, conexión falsa, contenido engañoso, contexto falso, contenido impostor, contenido manipulado o contenido fabricado) debe ser considerado como un problema social en la medida en que se empiezan a demostrar sus daños colectivos, que amenazan a la sociedad digital. De forma particular, las mujeres están siendo víctimas de hostilidades en los espacios de interacción virtuales, lo que se empieza a conocer como “sexismo digital” y “desinformación de género”. En este escenario, el periodismo de verificación, un formato tendencia, trata de paliar los efectos de los bulos introduciendo, entre sus rutinas profesionales, el desmentido de esos contenidos; sin embargo, aún es un trabajo minoritario. Para contribuir al estudio del fenómeno de la desinformación, en relación con los mensajes que circulan en Internet sobre las mujeres, esta investigación propone una herramienta de clasificación sistemática de los bulos desmentidos por el medio Maldita.es, en concreto, aquellos publicados en su sección Maldito Feminismo (N=71). Los resultados de este estudio (que tienen una validez interna) revelan que los bulos detectados por Maldito Feminismo son noticias falsas de contenido engañoso, que buscan dañar el feminismo (ya que este es el tema principal de la mayoría de bulos analizados) y tienen un propósito político. Estos desórdenes informativos se crean y distribuyen, principalmente, a través de las redes sociales en formato texto. Aunque los usuarios colaboran y participan en la detección y denuncia de los bulos, normalmente, suele ser la plataforma Maldita Feminismo quien identifica, localiza y delata la mayoría de noticias falsas.A desordem informativa (sátira ou paródia, conexão falsa, conteúdo enganoso, contexto falso, conteúdo impostor, conteúdo manipulado ou conteúdo fabricado) deve ser considerada um problema social enquanto os danos coletivos que provoca e que ameaçam à sociedade digital começam a ser descobertos. Particularmente, as mulheres são vítimas de hostilidades nos espaços de interação virtuais. Esse fenômeno é conhecido como “sexismo digital” e “desinformação de gênero”. Neste cenário, o jornalismo de verificação (oufact checking journalism em inglês), um formato que é tendência, tenta paliar os efeitos das calúnias ou difamações a introduzir nas rotinas profissionais a prática de desmascarar essas calúnias. Contudo ainda é um trabalho pouco expandido. Para contribuir ao estudo do fenômeno da desinformação em relação com as mensagens que circulam na Internet sobre as mulheres, esta investigação propõe uma ferramenta de classificação sistemática das calúnias desmascaradas pela Maldita.es na seção Maldito Feminismo (N=71). Os resultados deste estudo revelam que as calúnias detectadas pela seção Maldito Feminismo são notícias falsas de conteúdo enganoso. Esses conteúdos têm a intenção de prejudicar ao feminismo (este é o assunto principal da maior parte das calúnias analisadas) com um propósito político. Essas desordens informativas são criadas e distribuídas principalmente pelas redes sociais na forma de texto. Embora os usuários colaboram e participam na detecção e denúncia dessas calúnias, é a plataforma Maldito Feminismo à que frequentemente identifica, localiza e desmascara a maior parte das notícias falsas. &nbsp

IMPACTO DEL AGUA DEL ESTUARIO EN LA DURABILIDAD DEL PUENTE LOS CARAS

Abstract: As the man's power increase over nature and new needs appears as a result of life in society, the environment that surrounds it increasingly deteriorates. The social behavior of man, wich led him to communicate through language, more later formed the human culture, let him stand out from the other living beings. But while they adapt to the environment to survive, man adapts and modifies the same means as needed. The  beautiful  viaduct  in the  estuary  of  the  Chone´s  River, concluded on November 1, 2010 to a contractual amount of USD 102´054´088.42 is now presenting the first signs of deterioration four years after. At work is done a study of the water and the reference elements are given to analyze its balance, encrusting characteristics and degree of impact on the structure of the bridge.  Index Terms: reforced concrete, corrosion, deterioration of structures, useful life

Nextmed: Automatic Imaging Segmentation, 3D Reconstruction, and 3D Model Visualization Platform Using Augmented and Virtual Reality

The visualization of medical images with advanced techniques, such as augmented reality and virtual reality, represent a breakthrough for medical professionals. In contrast to more traditional visualization tools lacking 3D capabilities, these systems use the three available dimensions. To visualize medical images in 3D, the anatomical areas of interest must be segmented. Currently, manual segmentation, which is the most commonly used technique, and semi-automatic approaches can be time consuming because a doctor is required, making segmentation for each individual case unfeasible. Using new technologies, such as computer vision and artificial intelligence for segmentation algorithms and augmented and virtual reality for visualization techniques implementation, we designed a complete platform to solve this problem and allow medical professionals to work more frequently with anatomical 3D models obtained from medical imaging. As a result, the Nextmed project, due to the different implemented software applications, permits the importation of digital imaging and communication on medicine (dicom) images on a secure cloud platform and the automatic segmentation of certain anatomical structures with new algorithms that improve upon the current research results. A 3D mesh of the segmented structure is then automatically generated that can be printed in 3D or visualized using both augmented and virtual reality, with the designed software systems. The Nextmed project is unique, as it covers the whole process from uploading dicom images to automatic segmentation, 3D reconstruction, 3D visualization, and manipulation using augmented and virtual reality. There are many researches about application of augmented and virtual reality for medical image 3D visualization; however, they are not automated platforms. Although some other anatomical structures can be studied, we focused on one case: a lung study. Analyzing the application of the platform to more than 1000 dicom images and studying the results with medical specialists, we concluded that the installation of this system in hospitals would provide a considerable improvement as a tool for medical image visualization

Impact of Using Different Levels of Threshold-Based Artefact Correction on the Quantification of Heart Rate Variability in Three Independent Human Cohorts

The following are available online at https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/9/2/325/s1, Figure S1: Example of a visual inspection of a R-R signal to find possible artefacts or premature contractions across Kubios filters; Figures S2 and S3: Differences on the Heart Rate Variability (HRV) time- and frequency-domains parameters respectively without considering the Very Strong filter; Figure S4: Differences between cohorts on the SDNN using different Kubios filters; Figure S5: Differences between cohorts on the pNN50 using different Kubios filters; and Figure S6: Differences between cohorts on the HF using different Kubios filters.Juan M.A. Alcantara, Abel Plaza-Florido, Jairo H. Migueles, Guillermo Sanchez-Delgado and Francisco J. Amaro-Gahete are supported by the Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport (FPU15/04059, FPU16/02760, FPU15/02645, FPU13/04365 and FPU14/04172 respectively). Guillermo Sanchez-Delgado is supported by the University of Granada Plan Propio de Investigación 2018 (Programa Contratos-Puente and Programa Perfeccionamiento de Docotres). Francisco J. Amaro-Gahete is supported by the University of Granada Plan Propio de Investigación 2019 (Programa Contratos-Puente). Guillermo Sanchez-Delgado and Borja Martinez-Tellez are supported by individual postdoctoral grants from the Fundación Alfonso Martin Escudero.Heart rate variability (HRV) is a non-invasive indicator of autonomic nervous system function. HRV recordings show artefacts due to technical and/or biological issues. The Kubios software is one of the most used software to process HRV recordings, offering different levels of threshold-based artefact correction (i.e., Kubios filters). The aim of the study was to analyze the impact of different Kubios filters on the quantification of HRV derived parameters from short-term recordings in three independent human cohorts. A total of 312 participants were included: 107 children with overweight/obesity (10.0 ± 1.1 years, 58% men), 132 young adults (22.2 ± 2.2 years, 33% men) and 73 middle-aged adults (53.6 ± 5.2 years, 48% men). HRV was assessed using a heart rate monitor during 10–15 min, and the Kubios software was used for HRV data processing using all the Kubios filters available (i.e., 6). Repeated-measures analysis of variance indicated significant differences in HRV derived parameters in the time-domain (all p < 0.001) across the Kubios filters in all cohorts, moreover similar results were observed in the frequency-domain. When comparing two extreme Kubios filters, these statistical differences could be clinically relevant, e.g. more than 10 ms in the standard deviation of all normal R-R intervals (SDNN). In conclusion, the results of the present study suggest that the application of different Kubios filters had a significant impact on HRV derived parameters obtained from short-term recordings in both time and frequency-domains.The study was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (DEP2013-47540 and DEP2016-79512-R), the Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria del Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI13/01393), European Union Development Funds, the Fundación Iberoamericana de Nutrición (FINUT), the Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa RETIC (Red SAMID RD16/0022), the University of Granada Plan Propio de Investigación 2016 (Excellence actions: Unit of Excellence on Exercise and Health [UCEES]), and the Junta de Andalucía, Consejería de Conocimiento, Investigación y Universidades (FEDER: ref. SOMM17/6107/UGR)

Wearable Technology for Assessment and Surgical Assistance in Minimally Invasive Surgery

Wearable technology is an emerging field that has the potential to revolutionize healthcare. Advances in sensors, augmented reality devices, the internet of things, and artificial intelligence offer clinically relevant and promising functionalities in the field of surgery. Apart from its well-known benefits for the patient, minimally invasive surgery (MIS) is a technically demanding surgical discipline for the surgeon. In this regard, wearable technology has been used in various fields of application in MIS such as the assessment of the surgeon’s ergonomic conditions, interaction with the patient or the quality of surgical performance, as well as in providing tools for surgical planning and assistance during surgery. The aim of this chapter is to provide an overview based on the scientific literature and our experience regarding the use of wearable technology in MIS, both in experimental and clinical settings

Sistema de guiado para movimiento autónomo de vehículos en entornos estructurados

Número de publicación: ES2401509 A1 (22.04.2013) También publicado como: ES2401509 B1 (05.03.2014) Número de Solicitud: Consulta de Expedientes OEPM (C.E.O.) P201101119 (05.10.2011)El objetivo de la invención es un sistema de guiado de vehículos autónomos mediante cámaras y/o fotodetectores para seguir una trayectoria, que se determina por un conjunto de emisores láser dispuestos en un entorno estructurado, por ejemplo, en los distintos pasillos de un invernadero, y que determina la trayectoria a seguir. Para el establecimiento de la trayectoria a seguir, se dispone de diversos emisores láser colocados en los pasillos del invernadero, que estarán activos en función de los pasillos que deba recorrer el vehículo para describir la trayectoria prevista.Universidad de Almerí

Effects of an Exercise Program on Cardiometabolic and Mental Health in Children With Overweight or Obesity: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial

This project was supported with grants DEP2013-47540, DEP2016-79512-R, DEP2017-91544-EXP, and RYC-2011-09011 from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness and the Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) and by grant PID2020-120249RB-I00 from the MCIN/AEI /10.13039/501100011033. Additional funding was obtained from the Andalusian Operational Programme supported with grant B-CTS-355-UGR18 from the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER in Spanish). Dr Cardenas-Sanchez is supported by grant FJC2018-037925-I from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and by a grant from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska Curie grant agreement No 101028929. Dr Migueles is supported by grant FPU15/02645 from the Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport, and grant 2012–00036 from the Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare. Dr Torres-Lopez is supported by grant FPU17/04802 from the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities. Dr Rodriquez-Ayllon was funded by grant DEP2017-91544-EXP from the Ramón Areces Foundation. Additional support was obtained from grant ALICIAK-2018 from the Alicia Koplowitz Foundation, University of Granada, Plan Propio de Investigación 2016, Excellence actions: Units of Excellence, Unit of Excellence on Exercise, Nutrition and Health, the Junta de Andalucía, Consejería de Conocimiento, Investigación y Universidades; and grant DEP2005-00046/ACTI from the EXERNET Research Network on Exercise and Health in Special Populations. This research was supported by grant CB22/03/00058 from the Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación and Unión Europea–European Regional Development Fund.IMPORTANCE Childhood obesity is a risk factor associated with type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and mental disorders later in life. Investigation of the parallel effects of a defined exercise program on cardiometabolic and mental health in children with overweight or obesity may provide new insights on the potential benefits of exercise on overall health. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of a 20-week exercise program on cardiometabolic and mental health in children with overweight or obesity. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This secondary analysis of a parallel-group randomized clinical trial was conducted in Granada, Spain, from November 1, 2014, to June 30, 2016. Data analyses were performed between February 1, 2020, and July 14, 2022. Children with overweight or obesity aged 8 to 11 years were eligible, and the study was performed in an out-of-school context. INTERVENTION The exercise program included 3 to 5 sessions/wk (90 min/session) of aerobic plus resistance training for 20 weeks. The wait-list control group continued with their usual routines. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Cardiometabolic outcomes as specified in the trial protocol included body composition (fat mass, fat-free mass, and visceral adipose tissue), physical fitness (cardiorespiratory, speed-agility, and muscular), and traditional risk factors (waist circumference, blood lipid levels, glucose levels, insulin levels, and blood pressure). Cardiometabolic risk score (z score) was calculated based on age and sex reference values for levels of triglycerides, inverted high- density lipoprotein cholesterol, and glucose, the mean of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and waist circumference. An additional cardiometabolic risk score also included cardiorespiratory fitness. Mental health outcomes included an array of psychological well-being and ill-being indicators. RESULTS The 92 participants included in the per-protocol analyses (36 girls [39%] and 56 boys [61%]) had a mean (SD) age of 10.0 (1.1) years. The exercise program reduced the cardiometabolic risk score by approximately 0.38 (95% CI, −0.74 to −0.02) SDs; decreased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level by −7.00 (95% CI, −14.27 to 0.37) mg/dL (to convert to mmol/L, multiply by 0.0259), body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared) by −0.59 (95% CI, −1.06 to −0.12), fat mass index by −0.67 (95% CI, −1.01 to −0.33), and visceral adipose tissue by −31.44 (95% CI, −58.99 to −3.90) g; and improved cardiorespiratory fitness by 2.75 (95% CI, 0.22-5.28) laps in the exercise group compared with the control group. No effects were observed on mental health outcomes. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial, an aerobic plus resistance exercise program improved cardiometabolic health in children with overweight or obesity but had no effect on mental health.Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness DEP2013-47540, DEP2016-79512-R, DEP2017-91544-EXP, and RYC-2011-09011Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER)MCIN/AEI /10.13039/501100011033: PID2020-120249RB-I00Andalusian Operational Programme B-CTS-355-UGR18European Regional Development Fund (FEDER in Spanish)Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation FJC2018-037925-IEuropean Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme Marie Sklodowska Curie 101028929Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport FPU15/02645Swedish Research Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare 2012–00036Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities FPU17/04802Ramón Areces Foundation DEP2017-91544-EXPAlicia Koplowitz Foundation ALICIAK-2018University of GranadaJunta de AndalucíaEXERNET Research Network on Exercise and Health in Special Populations DEP2005-00046/ACTIInstituto de Salud Carlos III: CB22/03/00058Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación and Unión Europea–European Regional Development Fun

Desarrollo y aplicación de una metodología innovadora para realizar visitas técnicas virtuales a empresas y centros de investigación

El objetivo del proyecto es desarrollar una metodología innovadora para realizar visitas técnicas virtuales a plantas industriales y/o centros de investigación con alumnos que podrán utilizarse en 8 asignaturas de 4 grados y 2 másteres de la UCM.FALSEVicerrectorado de Calidad Proyectos de Innovación (2021-2022) Innova-Docenciasubmitte

Desarrollo de herramientas metodológicas para incorporar contenidos de ciencia al aula y su valoración económica

La ciencia y la tecnología juegan un papel fundamental en nuestra sociedad. En este sentido, la ciudadanía parece necesitar unos conocimientos básicos que le permitan responder de manera autónoma a multitud de situaciones, tanto a nivel personal como social (Kolstø et al., 2006). Este requisito, conocido en la literatura como alfabetización científica, lleva siendo uno de los objetivos de la educación en las últimas décadas (Hodson, 2003; Feinstein, 2011). Sin embargo, parece que su consecución presenta algunos problemas. Una de las causas de estas dificultades parece ser la falta de conexión entre los contenidos que se trabajan en las clases y el día a día del ciudadano. Respecto a esto, una solución ampliamente citada en la literatura es contextualizar el aprendizaje, relacionando los contenidos trabajados en clase con escenarios cotidianos y familiares para el alumnado (Clegg & Kolodner, 2014). El proyecto pretendía que nuestros estudiantes llevasen a cabo un análisis de los contextos con contenidos científico-económicos y promovieran su utilización en el aula y en su futuro profesional. Es decir, formar a nuestros profesionales para que pudieran detectar e incorporar entre sus competencias la capacidad de conectar lo aprendido en las asignaturas con las necesidades sociales. En concreto, el proyecto tenía, en base a los problemas detectados en la percepción de la ciencia y en la formación de los ciudadanos, dos grandes tipos de objetivos: Objetivos relacionados con la percepción de los conocimientos científico-tecnológicos y su valoración económica (Ezquerra, Fernández-Sánchez, Cabezas, 2013; Ezquerra, Fernandez-Sanchez, 2014; Ezquerra, Fernandez-Sanchez, Magaña, 2015; 2016; Ezquerra, Fernandez-Sanchez, Magaña & Mingo, 2017): • Identificar en qué situaciones los ciudadanos, en su vida cotidiana, están en presencia de contenidos científicos o tecnológicos. • Determinar de qué modo llegan al ciudadano estos contenidos, con qué intensidad, cómo son propuestos, cómo son percibidos... • Analizar el modo en que podemos otorgar a estos contenidos una valoración económica. Objetivos educativos que se integran dentro de las asignaturas: • Analizar las correspondencias entre los currículos oficiales y los contenidos presentes en el entorno del ciudadano (Ezquerra, Fernandez-Sanchez, Magaña Ramos, 2015; Ezquerra y Magaña, 2016). • Introducir a los estudiantes en una propuesta de aprendizaje basada en la indagación (Rivero et al., 2013; Ezquerra, De Juanas, Martín del Pozo, 2015). • Valorar las estrategias y competencias de los futuros docentes para vincular sus conocimientos con la realidad circundante (De Juanas et al., 2012). • Analizar las actividades que los estudiantes propongan para identificar los contenidos de ciencia y estudiar su valoración económica