60 research outputs found

    Prognosis of cirrhotic patients admitted to intensive care unit: a meta-analysis

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    and METAREACIR GroupInternational audienceBackgroundThe best predictors of short- and medium-term mortality of cirrhotic patients receiving intensive care support are unknown.MethodsWe conducted meta-analyses from 13 studies (2523 cirrhotics) after selection of original articles and response to a standardized questionnaire by the corresponding authors. End-points were in-ICU, in-hospital, and 6-month mortality in ICU survivors. A total of 301 pooled analyses, including 95 analyses restricted to 6-month mortality among ICU survivors, were conducted considering 249 variables (including reason for admission, organ replacement therapy, and composite prognostic scores).ResultsIn-ICU, in-hospital, and 6-month mortality was 42.7, 54.1, and 75.1%, respectively. Forty-eight patients (3.8%) underwent liver transplantation during follow-up. In-ICU mortality was lower in patients admitted for variceal bleeding (OR 0.46; 95% CI 0.36–0.59; p 19 at baseline (OR 8.54; 95% CI 2.09–34.91; p 26 (OR 3.97; 95% CI 1.92–8.22; p < 0.0001; PPV = 0.75), and hepatorenal syndrome (OR 4.67; 95% CI 1.24–17.64; p = 0.022; PPV = 0.88).ConclusionsPrognosis of cirrhotic patients admitted to ICU is poor since only a minority undergo liver transplant. The prognostic performance of general ICU scores decreases over time, unlike the Child–Pugh and MELD scores, even recorded in the context of organ failure. Infection-related parameters had a short-term impact, whereas liver and renal failure had a sustained impact on mortality

    Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome associated with COVID-19: An Emulated Target Trial Analysis.

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    RATIONALE: Whether COVID patients may benefit from extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) compared with conventional invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) remains unknown. OBJECTIVES: To estimate the effect of ECMO on 90-Day mortality vs IMV only Methods: Among 4,244 critically ill adult patients with COVID-19 included in a multicenter cohort study, we emulated a target trial comparing the treatment strategies of initiating ECMO vs. no ECMO within 7 days of IMV in patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (PaO2/FiO2 <80 or PaCO2 ≥60 mmHg). We controlled for confounding using a multivariable Cox model based on predefined variables. MAIN RESULTS: 1,235 patients met the full eligibility criteria for the emulated trial, among whom 164 patients initiated ECMO. The ECMO strategy had a higher survival probability at Day-7 from the onset of eligibility criteria (87% vs 83%, risk difference: 4%, 95% CI 0;9%) which decreased during follow-up (survival at Day-90: 63% vs 65%, risk difference: -2%, 95% CI -10;5%). However, ECMO was associated with higher survival when performed in high-volume ECMO centers or in regions where a specific ECMO network organization was set up to handle high demand, and when initiated within the first 4 days of MV and in profoundly hypoxemic patients. CONCLUSIONS: In an emulated trial based on a nationwide COVID-19 cohort, we found differential survival over time of an ECMO compared with a no-ECMO strategy. However, ECMO was consistently associated with better outcomes when performed in high-volume centers and in regions with ECMO capacities specifically organized to handle high demand. This article is open access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives License 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

    Acute enterocyte dysfunction in the critically ill : diagnosis, prognosis, and perspectives

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    L'intestin grêle à un rôle vital, il est impliqué dans de multiples fonctions : absorptive, endocrinienne, lymphoïde, barrière, et dans le métabolisme de l'arginine. L'exploration du grêle est difficile chez les patients graves hospitalisés en réanimation, alors même que ces patients sont à risque d'avoir une dysfonction intestinale aiguë du fait de la sensibilité du grêle à l'ischémie. La découverte et la validation de biomarqueurs entérocytaires, l'un de fonction, la citrullinémie, l'autre de lyse entérocytaire, l'intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (I-FABP), pourrait permettre de mieux évaluer l'intégrité et la fonctionnalité du grêle chez les patients graves. Les objectifs de cette thèse étaient de décrire la prévalence des anomalies entérocytaires chez des patients graves, de comprendre les mécanismes enjeu dans l'atteinte entérocytaire aigiie, d'évaluer la valeur pronostique de ces biomarqueurs, et d'évoquer des perspectives. Entre 2007 et 2013, nous avons mesuré la citrullinémie et/ou l'I-FABP chez des patients hospitalisés au CHU de Besançon ayant un risque théorique de souffrance entérocytaire : patients admis en réanimation, patients nécessitant un pontage aortocoronarien, patients nécessitant une anesthésie générale. Des anomalies de biomarqueurs entérocytaires étaient présentes chez plus de la moitié des patients hospitalisés en réanimation dès leur admission. Il s'agissait d'une citrullinémie basse et/ou d'une concentration plasmatique élevée d'I-FABP. La synthèse des résultats obtenus fait apparaître qu'une cytolyse entérocytaire précoce et courte est fréquente chez le patient admis en réanimation (élévation de la concentration plasmatique d'I-FABP), puis diminue avec la stabilisation clinique des patients. Ce pic initial d'I-FABP semble suivi d'une diminution de la citrullinémie au cours des 48 premières heures d'hospitalisation en réanimation. D'autre part, le sepsis, qu'il soit ou non d'origine digestive, est associé à une diminution de la citrullinémie, ce qui suggère une entéropathie septique indépendante du champ nosologique de la destruction entérocytaire ischémique. Le couple de biomarqueurs, l'un de lyse cellulaire (I-FABP), l'autre de fonction cellulaire (citrulline), semble permettre de caractériser des altérations entérocytaires aiguës du patient grave, en estimant les degrés de destruction ou de dysfonction entérocytaire, et leurs évolutions. Nos études ont mis en évidence une surmortalité chez les patients qui ont une citrullinémie basse et/ou une concentration plasmatique d'I-FABP élevée. La valeur pronostique de l'atteinte entérocytaire nécessite toutefois d'être confirmée par d'autre groupes. Si la compréhension des modifications des valeurs de ces biomarqueurs entérocytaires progresse, avec les limites d'interprétation de leurs variations, et si leur dosage devient plus rapide du fait d'une automatisation de la technique permettant un rendu rapide de résultat, ils pourraient devenir un outil de diagnostic et d'adaptation rapide de la prise en charge thérapeutique des patients graves.The small bowel is a complex organ involved in numerous vital functions. The small bowel dysfunction is suspected to be the cornerstone of the development of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome in critically ill patients. The development of enterocyte biomarkers is promising for evaluating the small bowel dysfunction and damage in the most severe patients. Plasma citrulline concentration is a validated marker of small bowel function, reflecting the functional enterocyte mass. Plasma citrulline concentration is frequently decreased in critically ill patients, and a decreased plasma citrulline concentration at ICU admission is associated with elevated plasma CRP concentration, and with increased 28-day mortality. Intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP) is a small cytosolic protein that is released in extracellular space in case of enterocyte destruction. In critically ill patients plasma I-FABP concentration is increased in about one half of patients at ICU admission. Increased plasma I-FABP concentration is associated with shock state, and with elevated catecholamine dose. Both biomarkers are probably complementary and may help the clinician to identify patients presenting enterocyte damage. Further studies are needed to improve the interpretation of plasma citrulline concentration which is probably complex in critically ill patients

    Etude Citrac (valeur pronostique de la citrulline et de l'I-FABP dans l'arrêt cardiaque)

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    BESANCON-BU Médecine pharmacie (250562102) / SudocSudocFranceF

    La citrulline comme marqueur de dysfonction intestinale aiguë dans un modèle humain d'ischémie mésentérique

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    BESANCON-BU Médecine pharmacie (250562102) / SudocSudocFranceF

    Étude cas-témoins de l'adénocarcinome du grêle au cours de la maladie de Crohn

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    BESANCON-BU Médecine pharmacie (250562102) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

    Valeur pronostique d'une atteinte coronarienne des patients en réanimation médicale hospitalisés pour un motif non cardiaque

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    BESANCON-BU Médecine pharmacie (250562102) / SudocSudocFranceF

    Ultrasound-guided vessel puncture: calling for Pythagoras’ help

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    Strongyloidiasis: an unusual cause of septic shock with pneumonia and enteropathy in western countries.

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    International audienceWe report a case of invasive strongyloidiasis in a patient from the French Antilles who had been living in France for many years, with no history of immunosuppression, and who was hospitalised in the intensive care unit for septic shock with multimicrobial hypoxaemia pneumonia and exudative enteropathy. Initiation of systemic corticosteroid therapy for septic shock seems to have precipitated onset of the parasitic infection, with recurrence of hypoxaemic pneumonia complicated by hypoxic cardiac arrest. The diagnosis was confirmed after roundworm larvae were found on bronchoalveolar lavage. Treatment with ivermectin was initiated, but the patient died in a context of postanoxic encephalopathy
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