Dactinomycin-induced veno-occlusive disease in rats. The hepatoprotective action of amifostine. Evaluation in a light and electron microscope

The purpose of the study was to draw upan experimental model of hepatic veno-occlusive disease (VOD) induced by dactinomycin (ACT) and to investigate the possible hepatoprotective effects of Ethyol (amifostine). Pathological changes corresponding to a VOD picture of varying intensification were found in the liver samples obtained from all the rats receiving ACT. Amifostine appears to act protectively to liver changes caused by dactinomycin

Dziecko z asplenią w praktyce lekarza pierwszego kontaktu

Przedstawiono rolę lekarza pierwszego kontaktu jako niezwykle istotnego ogniwa w realizacji programu kompleksowej opieki nad dzieckiem z asplenią. Opisano postępowanie, które obejmuje realizację profilaktyki przeciwinfekcyjnej w postaci szczepień ochronnych oraz długotrwałej antybiotykoterapii, postępowanie w nadpłytkowości po splenektomii oraz szeroko rozumianą edukację pacjenta i jego rodziny. W pracy zamieszczono przykłady pięciu sytuacji klinicznych, z jakimi może spotkać się lekarz pierwszego kontaktu mający pod swoją opieką dziecko bez śledziony: stosowanie profilaktyki antybiotykowej, leczenie posocznicy, postępowanie w przypadku pogryzienia przez psa i w przypadku nadpłytkowości po splenektomii

Guidelines from the Polish Surgical Society and Polish Society of Oncological Surgery Concerning Quality Assurance for Centres Performing Cytoreductive Procedures and HIPEC Procedures in the Treatment of Primary and Secondary Peritoneal Tumours

Surgical treatment of patients with peritoneal metastases in combination with Hyperthermic intraperitoneal Chemotherapy (HIPEC) and systemic treatments is applied with increasing frequency and, with correct patient qualification, allows for obtaining 5-year survival at a level of 32–52%. The conditions necessary for positive results of such treatment include the high experience of a given centre, its appropriate infrastructure, and appropriate patient qualification for the procedure. As a result of the debate connected with the need to evaluate treatment quality and results, at the request of the Peritoneal Cancer Section of the Polish Society of Oncological Surgery, the conditions for quality assurance were worked out and a Quality Assurance Commission was set up for the centres performing cytoreductive procedures and HIPEC procedures in the treatment of primary and secondary peritoneal tumours

2005 PRETEXT: a revised staging system for primary malignant liver tumours of childhood developed by the SIOPEL group

Over the last 15 years, various oncology groups throughout the world have used the PRETEXT system for staging malignant primary liver tumours of childhood. This paper, written by members of the radiology and surgery committees of the International Childhood Liver Tumor Strategy Group (SIOPEL), presents various clarifications and revisions to the original PRETEXT system

Trudne, bo nietypowe przypadki guzów litych u dzieci

Nietypowy obraz kliniczny nowotworów wieku dziecięcego niejednokrotnie stwarza trudności diagnostyczne i staje się przyczyną opóźnień w ustaleniu rozpoznania. Poniżej przedstawiamy troje dzieci z rozpoznaniami guzów litych o nietypowym przebiegu klinicznym, leczonych w Klinice Pediatrii, Hematologii, Onkologii i Endokrynologii Akademii Medycznej w Gdańsku

The state of research into children with cancer across Europe : new policies for a new decade

Overcoming childhood cancers is critically dependent on the state of research. Understanding how, with whom and what the research community is doing with childhood cancers is essential for ensuring the evidence-based policies at national and European level to support children, their families and researchers. As part of the European Union funded EUROCANCERCOMS project to study and integrate cancer communications across Europe, we have carried out new research into the state of research in childhood cancers. We are very grateful for all the support we have received from colleagues in the European paediatric oncology community, and in particular from Edel Fitzgerald and Samira Essiaf from the SIOP Europe office. This report and the evidence-based policies that arise from it come at a important junction for Europe and its Member States. They provide a timely reminder that research into childhood cancers is critical and needs sustainable long-term support.peer-reviewe

Consensus classification of pediatric hepatocellular tumors: A report from the Children's Hepatic tumors International Collaboration (CHIC)

Background: Liver tumors are rare in children with histologic heterogeneity that makes diagnosis challenging. Systematic histopathological review, performed as part of collaborative therapeutic protocols, identified relevant histologic subtypes that are important to distinguish. The Children's Hepatic tumors International Collaboration (CHIC) was established to study pediatric liver tumors on a global scale and led to establishment of a provisional consensus classification for use in international clinical trials. The current study is the validation of this initial classification and first large-scale application by international expert reviewers. Procedure: The CHIC initiative includes data from 1605 children treated on eight multicenter hepatoblastoma (HB) trials. Review of 605 available tumors was performed by seven expert pathologists from three consortia (US, EU, Japan). Cases with discordant diagnoses were collectively reviewed to reach a final consensus diagnosis. Results: Of 599 cases with sufficient material for review, 570 (95.2%) were classified as HB by all consortia, and 29 (4.8%) as non-HB, which included “hepatocellular neoplasm, NOS” and malignant rhabdoid tumors. 453 of 570 HBs were classified as epithelial by final consensus. Some patterns (i.e., small cell undifferentiated, macrotrabecular, cholangioblastic) were selectively identified by reviewers from different consortia. All consortia identified a similar number of mixed epithelial–mesenchymal HB. Conclusions: This study represents the first large-scale application and validation of the pediatric malignant hepatocellular tumors consensus classification. It is a valuable resource to train future generations of investigators on accurate diagnosis of these rare tumors and provides a framework for further international collaborative studies and refinement of the current classification of pediatric liver tumors

Drug-target identification in COVID-19 disease mechanisms using computational systems biology approaches

Introduction: The COVID-19 Disease Map project is a large-scale community effort uniting 277 scientists from 130 Institutions around the globe. We use high-quality, mechanistic content describing SARS-CoV-2-host interactions and develop interoperable bioinformatic pipelines for novel target identification and drug repurposing. Methods: Extensive community work allowed an impressive step forward in building interfaces between Systems Biology tools and platforms. Our framework can link biomolecules from omics data analysis and computational modelling to dysregulated pathways in a cell-, tissue- or patient-specific manner. Drug repurposing using text mining and AI-assisted analysis identified potential drugs, chemicals and microRNAs that could target the identified key factors. Results: Results revealed drugs already tested for anti-COVID-19 efficacy, providing a mechanistic context for their mode of action, and drugs already in clinical trials for treating other diseases, never tested against COVID-19. Discussion: The key advance is that the proposed framework is versatile and expandable, offering a significant upgrade in the arsenal for virus-host interactions and other complex pathologies.Peer Reviewe

COVID19 Disease Map, a computational knowledge repository of virus-host interaction mechanisms.

Funder: Bundesministerium für Bildung und ForschungFunder: Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF)We need to effectively combine the knowledge from surging literature with complex datasets to propose mechanistic models of SARS-CoV-2 infection, improving data interpretation and predicting key targets of intervention. Here, we describe a large-scale community effort to build an open access, interoperable and computable repository of COVID-19 molecular mechanisms. The COVID-19 Disease Map (C19DMap) is a graphical, interactive representation of disease-relevant molecular mechanisms linking many knowledge sources. Notably, it is a computational resource for graph-based analyses and disease modelling. To this end, we established a framework of tools, platforms and guidelines necessary for a multifaceted community of biocurators, domain experts, bioinformaticians and computational biologists. The diagrams of the C19DMap, curated from the literature, are integrated with relevant interaction and text mining databases. We demonstrate the application of network analysis and modelling approaches by concrete examples to highlight new testable hypotheses. This framework helps to find signatures of SARS-CoV-2 predisposition, treatment response or prioritisation of drug candidates. Such an approach may help deal with new waves of COVID-19 or similar pandemics in the long-term perspective

Drug-target identification in COVID-19 disease mechanisms using computational systems biology approaches

© 2024 Niarakis, Ostaszewski, Mazein, Kuperstein, Kutmon, Gillespie, Funahashi, Acencio, Hemedan, Aichem, Klein, Czauderna, Burtscher, Yamada, Hiki, Hiroi, Hu, Pham, Ehrhart, Willighagen, Valdeolivas, Dugourd, Messina, Esteban-Medina, Peña-Chilet, Rian, Soliman, Aghamiri, Puniya, Naldi, Helikar, Singh, Fernández, Bermudez, Tsirvouli, Montagud, Noël, Ponce-de-Leon, Maier, Bauch, Gyori, Bachman, Luna, Piñero, Furlong, Balaur, Rougny, Jarosz, Overall, Phair, Perfetto, Matthews, Rex, Orlic-Milacic, Gomez, De Meulder, Ravel, Jassal, Satagopam, Wu, Golebiewski, Gawron, Calzone, Beckmann, Evelo, D’Eustachio, Schreiber, Saez-Rodriguez, Dopazo, Kuiper, Valencia, Wolkenhauer, Kitano, Barillot, Auffray, Balling, Schneider and the COVID-19 Disease Map Community. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.Introduction: The COVID-19 Disease Map project is a large-scale community effort uniting 277 scientists from 130 Institutions around the globe. We use high-quality, mechanistic content describing SARS-CoV-2-host interactions and develop interoperable bioinformatic pipelines for novel target identification and drug repurposing.Methods: Extensive community work allowed an impressive step forward in building interfaces between Systems Biology tools and platforms. Our framework can link biomolecules from omics data analysis and computational modelling to dysregulated pathways in a cell-, tissue- or patient-specific manner. Drug repurposing using text mining and AI-assisted analysis identified potential drugs, chemicals and microRNAs that could target the identified key factors.Results: Results revealed drugs already tested for anti-COVID-19 efficacy, providing a mechanistic context for their mode of action, and drugs already in clinical trials for treating other diseases, never tested against COVID-19.Discussion: The key advance is that the proposed framework is versatile and expandable, offering a significant upgrade in the arsenal for virus-host interactions and other complex pathologies.The author(s) declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. AN acknowledges support from SANOFI-AVENTIS R&D via the CIFRE contract, n° 2020/0766. MK, FH, NP, FE, and CE acknowledge the support of the ZonMw COVID-19 programme (Grant No. 10430012010015). JD Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (Grant no. PID2020-117979RB-I00) and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Grant no. IMP/00019). MAi, KK, FS: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) - Project-ID 251654672 - TRR 161 and under Germany’s Excellence Strategy - EXC 2117 - 422037984. FM: “5 per 1000–2021” grant of the Italian Ministry of Health (Grant No. 5M-2021-23683787) and European Commission with HORIZON programme, BY-COVID project (Grant No. 101046203—BY-COVID). National Institute for Infectious Diseases Lazzaro Spallanzani–IRCCS received financial support from the Italian Ministry of Health grant “Ricerca Corrente”. JP, LF: IMI2-JU grants, resources which are composed of financial contributions from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme and EFPIA [GA: 777365 eTRANSAFE], and the EU H2020 Programme [GA:964537 RISKHUNT3R]; Project 001-P-001647—Valorisation of EGA for Industry and Society funded by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) and Generalitat de Catalunya; Institute of Health Carlos III (project IMPaCT-Data, exp. IMP/00019), co-funded by the European Union, European Regional Development Fund (ERDF, “A way to make Europe”). AMo, MP and AV acknowledge the support of the European Commission under the INFORE project (H2020-ICT-825070) and the PerMedCoE (H2020-ICT-951773). Contributions by TH and BLP were supported by NIH grant #R35GM119770 to TH. MaGo acknowledges funding from Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) through grants no. 442326535 (NFDI4Health) and 451265285 (NFDI4Health Task Force COVID-19), from the European Commission through the Horizon 2020 framework program under grant no. 825843 (EU-STANDS4PM) and through the Digital Europe program under grant no. 101083771 (EDITH), as well as from the Klaus Tschira Foundation. AL acknowledges support from the Intramural Research Program of the National Library of Medicine (NLM), National Institutes of Health (NIH).Peer reviewe