O GeoGebra e a geometria sintética: uma investigação com estudantes brasileiros

Apresenta-se resultados parciais de uma pesquisa, na qual a segunda autora investigou com alunos do ensino médio brasileiro demonstrações visuais utilizando o software GeoGebra. Teve-se como objetivo investigar como um grupo de estudantes do ensino médio brasileiro utilizou os princípios de geometria sintética com a ferramenta computacional GeoGebra para realizar argumentações na demonstração da proposição 5 do livro I de Euclides, a qual afirma que os ângulos da base de um triângulo isósceles são congruentes. A metodologia, de cunho investigativo, comparou a forma original, segundo Euclides, e a adaptada para a linguagem atual. A análise dos registros dos investigados mostrou que o software foi um facilitador para as argumentações dos estudantes enunciarem a proposição de forma pertinente

Cardiac cellularity is dependent upon biological sex and is regulated by gonadal hormones.

AIMS: Sex differences have been consistently identified in cardiac physiology and incidence of cardiac disease. However, the underlying biological causes for the differences remain unclear. We sought to characterize the cardiac non-myocyte cellular landscape in female and male hearts to determine whether cellular proportion of the heart is sex-dependent and whether endocrine factors modulate the cardiac cell proportions. METHODS AND RESULTS: Utilizing high-dimensional flow cytometry and immunofluorescence imaging, we found significant sex-specific differences in cellular composition of the heart in adult and juvenile mice, that develops postnatally. Removal of systemic gonadal hormones by gonadectomy results in rapid sex-specific changes in cardiac non-myocyte cellular proportions including alteration in resident mesenchymal cell and leucocyte populations, indicating gonadal hormones and their downstream targets regulate cardiac cellular composition. The ectopic reintroduction of oestrogen and testosterone to female and male mice, respectively, reverses many of these gonadectomy-induced compositional changes. CONCLUSION: This work shows that the constituent cell types of the mouse heart are hormone-dependent and that the cardiac cellular landscapes are distinct in females and males, remain plastic, and can be rapidly modulated by endocrine factors. These observations have implications for strategies aiming to therapeutically alter cardiac cellular heterogeneity and underscore the importance of considering biological sex for studies examining cardiac physiology and stress responses

An Abundant Tissue Macrophage Population in the Adult Murine Heart with a Distinct Alternatively-Activated Macrophage Profile

Cardiac tissue macrophages (cTMs) are a previously uncharacterised cell type that we have identified and characterise here as an abundant GFP+ population within the adult Cx3cr1GFP/+ knock-in mouse heart. They comprise the predominant myeloid cell population in the myocardium, and are found throughout myocardial interstitial spaces interacting directly with capillary endothelial cells and cardiomyocytes. Flow cytometry-based immunophenotyping shows that cTMs exhibit canonical macrophage markers. Gene expression analysis shows that cTMs (CD45+CD11b+GFP+) are distinct from mononuclear CD45+CD11b+GFP+ cells sorted from the spleen and brain of adult Cx3cr1GFP/+ mice. Gene expression profiling reveals that cTMs closely resemble alternatively-activated anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages, expressing a number of M2 markers, including Mrc1, CD163, and Lyve-1. While cTMs perform normal tissue macrophage homeostatic functions, they also exhibit a distinct phenotype, involving secretion of salutary factors (including IGF-1) and immune modulation. In summary, the characterisation of cTMs at the cellular and molecular level defines a potentially important role for these cells in cardiac homeostasis

Leukotoxicity of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in generalized aggressive periodontitis in Brazilians and their family members

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine the leukotoxin promoter types of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans clones in subjects with generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAgP) and in their family members (FM). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty-five patients with GAgP (33.9±7.1 years), 33 of their FM (22.8±11.4 years), and 41 patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) (44.1±9.4 years) were clinically analyzed using the plaque index, gingival index, probing depth (PD), and clinical attachment level (CAL). Subgingival biofilm samples were collected from four interproximal periodontal sites (>;PD and >;CAL) of each patient. The presence of A. actinomycetemcomitans and its leukotoxic clone was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS: A. actinomycetemcomitans was observed in 23 (51.1%) GAgP patients and 16 (30.1%) CP patients. Thirty-seven (94.8%) patients showed minimally leukotoxic strains and 2 (5.1%) showed highly leukotoxic strains. In the FM group, 10 (30.3%) had aggressive periodontitis (AgP), 12 (36.3%) had CP, 11 (33.3%) were periodontally healthy or had gingivitis, and 12.2% were A. actinomycetemcomitans positive. Greater full mouth PD and CAL were observed in GAgP patients positive for the bacteria than those negative for it (

Passive direct methanol fuel cells acting as fully autonomous electrochemical biosensors: Application to sarcosine detection

This work describes an innovative electrochemical biosensor that advances its autonomy toward an equipment-free design. The biosensor is powered by a passive direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) and signals the response via an electrochromic display. Briefly, the anode side of the DMFC power source was modified with a biosensor layer developed using molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) technology to detect sarcosine (an amino acid derivative that is a potential cancer biomarker). The biosensor layer was anchored on the surface of the anode carbon electrode (carbon black with Pt/Ru, 40:20). This was done by bulk radical polymerization with acrylamide, bis-acrylamide, and vinyl phosphonic acid. This layer selectively interacted with sarcosine when integrated into the passive DMFC (single or multiple, in a stack of 4), which acted as a transducer element in a concentration-dependent process. Serial assembly of a stack of hybrid DMFC/biosensor devices triggered an external electrochromic cell (EC) that produced a colour change. Calibrations showed a concentration-dependent sarcosine response from 3.2 to 2000 µM, which is compatible with the concentration of sarcosine in the blood of prostate cancer patients. The final DMFC/biosensor-EC platform showed a colour change perceptible to the naked eye in the presence of increasing sarcosine concentrations. This colour change was controlled by the DMFC operation, making this approach a self-controlled and self-signalling device. Overall, this approach is a proof-of-concept for a fully autonomous biosensor powered by a chemical fuel. This simple and low-cost approach offers the potential to be deployed anywhere and is particularly suitable for point-of-care (POC) analysis.The authors acknowledge the financial support of EU-Horizon 2020 (Symbiotic, FET-Open, GA665046), and from national funds from FCT - Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, I.P., in the scope of the projects LA/P/0037/2020, UIDP/50025/2020, UIDB/50025/2020 and UID/EMS/00532/2019. Nádia Ferreira (SFRH/BD/122955/2016), Liliana Carneiro (SFRH/BD/122954/2016), and Ana Carolina Marques (SFRH/BD/115173/2016) acknowledge Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT) for financial support.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Different intrauterine environments and children motor development in the first 6 months of life : a prospective longitudinal cohort

This prospective cohort longitudinal study examines the risk factors associated with different intrauterine environments and the influence of different intrauterine environments on children’s motor development at 3- and 6-months of life. Participants were 346 mother/newborn dyads enrolled in the first 24 to 48 h after delivery in public hospitals. Four groups with no concurrent condition composed the sample: mothers with a clinical diagnosis of diabetes, mothers with newborns small for gestational age due to idiopathic intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), mothers who smoked tobacco during gestation, and a control group composed of mothers without clinical condition. Children were assessed at three- and six-months regarding motor development, weight, length, head circumference, and parents completed a socioeconomic questionnaire. The IUGR children had lower supine, sitting, and overall gross motor scores at 6 months than the other children’s groups. Anthropometric and sociodemographic characteristics negatively influenced gross motor development. IUGR and anthropometric and sociodemographic characteristics negatively impact motor development. Intrauterine environment impact child neurodevelopment

Controle de comunicantes de tuberculose no Brasil: revisão de literatura (1984- 2004)

This study aims to review plans for tuberculosis control through the analysis of measures for tuberculosis contact tracing in Brazil from 1984 to 2004. This article presents a literature review on tuberculosis control published in manuals of the Ministry of Health and the State Department of Health of Sao Paulo, and in Medline and Lilacs databases. There was a gap in the standardization of control measures in the decade from 1984 to 1994. It was concluded that health professionals need to incorporate TB control and prevention actions from the perspective of health surveillance and systematic monitoring.Este estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar las medidas de control entre los contactos con tuberculosis (TBC), a través del análisis de la evolución de estas medidas en el Brasil, como parte de los planes para el control de la TBC. Artículo de revisión de la bibliografía entre el período de 1984 a 2004, que tuvo como fuentes los manuales de control para la TBC del Ministerio de Salud y de la Secretaria del Estado de São Paulo, así como artículos ubicados en las bases de datos Medline y Lilacs. RESULTADOS: Fue identificada una laguna en las normas para determinar las medidas del control durante la década de 1984 a 1994. Se concluye que existió falta de involucramiento por parte de los profesionales de la salud en las acciones de control y prevención para la TBC, basadas en las perspectivas de vigilancia en salud y monitoreo sistemático.Este estudo tem como propósito identificar as medidas de controle de comunicantes de tuberculose (TB) no Brasil, inseridos nos planos de controle da TB. Trata-se de artigo de revisão da literatura referente ao período de 1984 a 2004, que tem como fonte os manuais de controle da TB do Ministério da Saúde e da Secretaria de Estado da Saúde de São Paulo, e artigos localizados nas bases de dados Medline e Lilacs. RESULTADOS: identificou-se lacuna na normatização das medidas de controle durante a década de 1984 a 1994. Conclui-se que faltou aos profissionais de saúde incorporar as ações de controle e prevenção de TB na perspectiva da vigilância em saúde e monitoramento sistemático

Cognitive deficits found in a pro-inflammatory state are independent of ERK 1/2 signaling in the murine brain hippocampus treated with Shiga toxin 2 from enterohemorrhagic Escherichia Coli

Shiga toxin 2 (Stx2) from enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) produces hemorrhagic colitis, hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) and acute encephalopathy. The mortality rate in HUS increases significantly when the central nervous system (CNS) is involved. Besides, EHEC also releases lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Many reports have described cognitive dysfunctions in HUS patients, the hippocampus being one of the brain areas targeted by EHEC infection. In this context, a translational murine model of encephalopathy was employed to establish the deleterious effects of Stx2 and the contribution of LPS in the hippocampus. Results demonstrate that systemic administration of a sublethal dose of Stx2 reduced memory index and produced depression like behavior, pro-inflammatory cytokine release and NF-kB activation independent of the ERK 1/2 signaling pathway. On the other hand, LPS activated NF-kB dependent on ERK 1/2 signaling pathway. Cotreatment of Stx2 with LPS aggravated thepathologic state, while dexamethasone treatment succeeded in preventing behavioral alterations. Our present work suggests that the use of drugs such as corticosteroids or NF-kB signaling inhibitors may serve as neuroprotectors from EHEC infection.Fil: Berdasco, Clara Valentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica Bernardo Houssay. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica Bernardo Houssay; ArgentinaFil: Vasconcelos Esteves Pinto, Alipio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica Bernardo Houssay. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica Bernardo Houssay; ArgentinaFil: Blake, Mariano Guillermo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica Bernardo Houssay. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica Bernardo Houssay; ArgentinaFil: Correa, Fernando Gabriel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos; ArgentinaFil: Longo, Nadia Andrea. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Química y Físico-Química Biológicas "Prof. Alejandro C. Paladini". Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Química y Físico-Química Biológicas; ArgentinaFil: Geogeghan, Patricia. Ministerio de Salud de la Nación. Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud; ArgentinaFil: Cangelosi, Adriana. Ministerio de Salud de la Nación. Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud; ArgentinaFil: Gironacci, Mariela Mercedes. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Química y Físico-Química Biológicas "Prof. Alejandro C. Paladini". Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Química y Físico-Química Biológicas; ArgentinaFil: Goldstein Raij, Jorge. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica Bernardo Houssay. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica Bernardo Houssay; Argentin

Elaboración de un instrumento para la asistencia de enfermería en la unidad de hemodiálisis

O objetivo deste estudo é relatar a experiência de construção de um instrumento para registro da sistematização da assistência de enfermagem em uma unidade de tratamento dialítico. Para esta construção, utilizou-se o instrumento formulado com base na literatura sobre diagnósticos de enfermagem em pacientes nefropatas. O instrumento de registro foi analisado conforme: diagramação e facilitação do processo. O processo teve como norteador a teoria das Necessidades Humanas Básicas e a taxonomia da North American Nursing Diagnosis Association. O instrumento tem facilitado a implantação do processo de enfermagem na unidade de hemodiálise. Com o seu uso, foi possível o registro organizado e conciso dos dados e uso de informações importantes para o planejamento e avaliação da assistência prestada.This study aimed at developing an instrument to record nursing assistance systematization in a hemodialysis unit. For this development, we used the instrument formulated from literature on nursing diagnosis in nephropathic patients. The record instrument has been analyzed according to: layout and process facilitation. The process relied on the Basic Human Needs Theory and the taxonomy of the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association. The instrument has been facilitating the implementation of the nursing process in the hemodialysis unit. It was possible to record the data in a organized and concise fashion and use key information to plan and evaluate the assistance offered.El objetivo en este estudio fue la construcción de un instrumento para el registro de la sistematización de la atención de enfermeria en una unidad de tratamiento dialítico. Para esta construcción, se utilizó el instrumento formulado con base en la literatura sobre diagnósticos de enfermería en pacientes con nefropatías. El instrumento de registro fue analizado conforme: diagramación y facilitación del proceso. El proceso tuvo como norteador la teoría de las Necesidades Humanas Básicas y la taxonomía de la North American Nursing Diagnosis Association. El instrumento ha facilitado la implantación del proceso de enfermería en la unidad de hemodiálisis. Con su uso, fue posible el registro organizado y conciso de los datos y uso de informaciones importantes para la planificación y evaluación de la asistencia prestada