Gene expression of inhibitory receptors and immune regulatory molecules in polarized macrophages derived from early- and late-stage BD patients

Background: Bipolar disorder (BD) has been associated with increased levels of peripheral inflammatory mediators and neuroinflammation. Previously, we observed different immune responses in macrophages of BD patients at different stages of the disorder. Thus, we aimed to further evaluate the regulation of immune response in BD by quantifying the expression of immune checkpoint receptors and respective ligands, as well as molecules involved in regulation and transcription of inflammatory mediators in polarized macrophages of early and late stages individuals with BD. Methods: qRT-PCR was performed to analyze the expression of genes involved in immune regulation, such as TLR1, TLR6, PD-1, NFKB1, PD-L1, PD-L2 and TIM-3 in samples of proinflammatory M1 or M(IFNγ+LPS) and anti-inflammatory M2 or M(IL-4) macrophages derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of euthymic BD patients (n=16), classified as early-stage BD (BD-E, n=9) and late-stage BD (BD-L, n=7) - according to Functional Assessment Short Test (FAST) - and healthy controls (HC, n=10). Results: M(IL-4) from BD-E showed higher expression levels of NFKB1 and PD-L1 in comparison to HC (p<0.05), while BD-L only had higher expression levels of PD-L1 compared to HC (p<0.05). No statistical differences were found between groups for the expression levels of TLR1, PD-L2 and TIM-3 in M(IL-4) phenotype, while expression levels remained unchanged in M(IFNγ+LPS) for all markers. TLR6 and PD-1 did not show PCR amplification in both macrophages phenotypes. Conclusion: Our findings suggest an immunological regulation acting as a compensatory mechanism by M2 anti-inflammatory macrophages at early stage of BD, although decreased regulation in these cells seems to be observed at late stages of the disorder. On the other hand, the impairment function of proinflammatory macrophages at late stages of BD might underlie a different immunologic mechanism, such as senescence. We hypothesize that such alterations are possibly due to persistent chronic low-grade inflammation during the course of BD that results in the ‘exhaustion’ of macrophage response. However, further investigation is required to better comprehend the role of immune regulatory mechanisms in the disorder

Stress, burnout and coping in health professionals: a literature review

Context: Stress is a phenomenon inherent to life and it becomes inevitable, particularly in a professional context, having consequences on life quality. This is a disorder that affecting several people worldwide, namely health professionals, and is originated by various factors. Objective: The aims of this review article are studying, in the stress and burnout in health professionals in order to clarify the definition, identify the possible causes, related factors and identify the coping strategies. Methods: This review article was performed through data bases such as b-on, PubMed and books. It was used articles in Portuguese, English and Spanish and that corresponde to established descriptors. Results: Stress affects individuals from any age and professional area. When is caused by work complications is called of occupational stress. This phenomenon resultes of the action of an agent stressor that can be physical, social or even psychological. Other phenomenon is Burnout Syndrome, which is characterized by emotional exhaustion, lack of professional accomplishment and depersonalization. To mitigate the effects of stress, there are specific mechanisms of coping. Conclusion: Stress and burnout are quite prevalent phenomena among health professionals. As these professionals have a fundamental role in patient care it is extremely important that they feel well physically and psychologically, as to fulfill its functions well as caregivers. In this way, it becomes important to act in the relationship between the individual and the problem, improving the skills of encouraging to use his social and personal resources to obtain control over the circumstance inducer of stress.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Attachment and dissociation mediate associations between polyvictimization and somatization differently in Kenyan male and female adolescents

There is strong evidence that somatization symptoms are a common consequence of the experience of several potentially traumatic events (PTE) among adolescents. Attachment orientations and dissociation may influence the link between exposure to PTE and somatization symptoms severity. We analysed the associations between direct exposure to PTE and somatization symptoms in Kenyan adolescents and explored the mediating role of attachment orientations and dissociation in this association. A sample of 475 Kenyan adolescents, mean age of 16.4 years old (SD= 1.4), completed validated self-report questionnaires. Serial multiple mediation models were tested by conducting a structural equation modelling employing Preacher and Hayes’ procedures (2008). Results showed that the association between these variables is different for females and males. Higher exposure to PTE was significantly associated with higher level of dissociation symptoms, which was then associated with higher somatization symptoms severity in females. Higher exposure to traumatic events was significantly associated with higher attachment anxiety levels, which was associated with higher levels of dissociation symptoms, which was then associated with higher somatization symptoms severity in males. High levels of attachment anxiety and dissociation might aggravate somatization symptoms following the exposure to multiple PTE differently according to sex in African adolescents. Implications for future research and individual and community interventions are discussed.A evidência sugere que os sintomas de somatização são uma consequência comum da experiência de vários eventos potencialmente traumáticos (EPT) entre adolescentes. Fatores como as orientações de vinculação e a dissociação podem influenciar a relação entre a exposição a EPT e a gravidade dos sintomas de somatização. Analisámos a associação entre a exposição direta a EPT e sintomas de somatização em adolescentes quenianos e explorámos o papel mediador das orientações de vinculação e da dissociação nesta associação. Uma amostra de 475 adolescentes quenianos, com uma média de idades de 16.4 anos (SD= 1.4), completou questionários de autorrelato validados. Foram testados modelos de mediação múltipla em série através da realização do modelo de equações estruturais de Preacher e Hayes (2008). Os resultados mostraram que a associação entre estas variáveis é diferente para raparigas e para rapazes. Verificou-se que uma maior exposição a EPT está significativamente associada a um nível mais elevado de sintomas de dissociação, que estava então associado a uma maior gravidade dos sintomas de somatização nas raparigas. Além disso, verificou-se que uma maior exposição a EPT está significativamente associada a maiores níveis de vinculação ansiosa, que estão associados a maiores níveis de sintomas de dissociação, que estão então associados a uma maior severidade dos sintomas de somatização nos rapazes. Níveis elevados de vinculação ansiosa e dissociação podem agravar os sintomas de somatização após a exposição a múltiplos EPT de forma diferente consoante o sexo em adolescentes africanos. As implicações para futuras investigações e intervenções individuais e comunitárias são discutidas

Measures of infant self-regulation during the first year of life: a systematic review

This study aimed to systematically review the measures used to assess infant self-regulation during the first 12 months of life. This systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis statement protocol. From 235 selected papers, 79 provided information on behavioural and physiological measures to assess infant selfregulation during the first 12 months of life. Thirty-six behavioural (30 observational and 6 parent-report) and five physiological different measures were identified. Studies with a longitudinal design, comprising larger samples, and aiming to assess infant self-regulation later in infancy, mostly used behavioural measures than physiological measures. Studies comprising lower samples and aiming to assess infant self-regulation earlier in infancy, mostly used observational than parent-reported measures. Studies targeting younger infants used physiological measures and studies targeting older infants used behavioural measures, with observational measures used with younger infants and parental-reported measures used with older infants during the first year of life. When measuring self-regulation is important to consider infant's age, to fit the measurement procedures with the selfregulation development level.Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology; Portuguese Ministry of Education and Science; European Regional Development Fund, Grant/Award Number: POCI01-0145-FEDER-007653; Fundação para a Ciência e a tecnologia, Grant/Award Numbers: SFRH/BD/115048/2016, PTDC/ SAU/SAP/116738/2010; Foundation for Science and Technology, Grant/Award Number: UIDB/05380/202

Couple's relationship and depressive symptoms during the transition to parenthood and Toddler's emotional and behavioral problems

The couple's relationship and mother and father's depressive symptoms during the transition to parenthood were associated with the toddler's emotional and behavioral problems. This study aimed to analyze how the couple's positive and negative interactions and mother and father's depressive symptoms during the transition to parenthood impact toddlers' emotional and behavioral problems. A sample of 95 mothers and fathers (N = 190) were recruited and individually completed questionnaires to assess couples' positive and negative interactions and depressive symptoms during the first trimester of pregnancy and at 3 and 30 months postpartum, and they completed the Child Behavior Checklist 1.5-5 at 30 months postpartum. The path analyses revealed that the couple's postnatal negative interaction partially mediates the impact of the mother's prenatal depressive symptoms on the toddler's internalizing problems at 30 months postpartum. The father's postnatal depressive symptoms and the couple's concurrent positive interaction mediated the impact of the couple's prenatal positive interaction on the toddler's externalizing problems at 30 months postpartum. The screening of the couple's negative interaction and depressive symptoms during pregnancy and the postnatal period can help to identify mothers, fathers, and toddlers at risk for mental health problems.This study was conducted at the Psychology Research Centre (PSI/01662), School of Psychology, University of Minho, and supported by the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) through the Portuguese State Budget (UIDB/PSI/01662/2020)

A cyber-physical system for dynamic building evacuation

Tese de mestrado integrado. Engenharia Electrotécnica e de Computadores. Universidade do Porto. Faculdade de Engenharia. 201

As partituras de Armando Leça para filmes mudos portugueses

UID/EAT/00472/2019A produção pioneira de longas-metragens de ficção pela portuense Invicta Film, entre o final dos anos dez e o início dos anos vinte do século passado, constituiu um momento fundamental no desenvolvimento do cinema mudo português. Uma das normas estéticas que norteou a sua produção foi o uso de música original, uma prática que contribuiu não apenas para a legitimidade cultural dos seus filmes como para reforçar a identificação destes enquanto objectos “tipicamente portugueses”. Logo desde a primeira longa-metragem — “A Rosa do Adro” (1919) —, a Invicta Film trabalhou em conjunto com o folclorista Armando Leça, que seria depois responsável pela música composta para “Os Fidalgos da Casa Mourisca” (1921) e “Amor de Perdição” (1921). Nesta comunicação, apresentaremos o projeto desenvolvido pela NOVA FCSH de edição das partituras para cinema mudo de Armando Leça, que resultará na inclusão da gravação destas obras na futura edição em DVD dos filmes da Invicta Film, no contexto de uma parceria com a Cinemateca Portuguesa e a Orquestra Metropolitana de Lisboa. Serão abordados os desafios colocados pela investigação destas fontes musicais, assim como o seu possível contributo para os processos de restauro dos respetivos filmes e para um melhor conhecimento das práticas de exibição cinematográfica durante esse período.publishersversionpublishe

Impactos do movimento da matemática moderna na cultura escolar de escolas técnicas industriais do Brasil e de Portugal: articulações teórico-metodologicas da história comparada

Disponível em: https://periodicos.ufsc.br/index.php/alexandria/article/view/37945/28973O artigo objetiva discutir articulações teórico-metodológicas do estudo histórico comparativo que buscou compreender impactos do Movimento da Matemática Moderna na cultura escolar de duas escolas técnicas industriais, uma brasileira e outra portuguesa (décadas de 1960 e 1970). As análises destacam que os ferramentais utilizados na pesquisa, em especial na constituição das fontes e na escolha dos mediadores de comparação, aproximaram o estudo às novas tendências em pesquisas histórico-comparativas, evidenciando problemáticas da disciplina para além do intranacional, sinalizando novos horizontes investigativos no campo da educação matemática. O estudo focaliza a relação local e global, característica que marcou o MMM, quando da sua disseminação em escolas técnico-industriais de países distintos destacando a importância do conhecimento de outras culturas escolares para a compreensão da forma singular como a cultura escolar da escola técnica brasileira foi impactada com a chegada do MMM, especialmente em relação às ações voltadas ao desenvolvimento profissional docente

A apropriação da matemática moderna na escola técnica federal do Paraná nas décadas de 60 e 70

Disponível em: http://www2.pucpr.br/reol/pb/index.php/dialogo?dd1=2445&dd99=view&dd98=pbO estudo aborda a apropriação da Matemática Moderna na EscolaTécnica Federal do Paraná, nas décadas de 60 e 70, período auge dedisseminação do Movimento da Matemática Moderna, cuja finalidadeera adequar a matemática escolar aos desafios impostos pelodesenvolvimento científico e tecnológico. A partir de uma perspectivahistórica, fundamentada em Certeau (1982), Chartier (1990) e Julia( 2001),o estudo constituiu suas fontes a partir de documentos escolares,localizados nos arquivos da ETFPR, além de documentos normativos,como os Boletins Informativos da CBAI (Comissão Brasileiro-Americanade Educação Industrial) que forneciam direcionamentos ao ensinotécnico no país. O estudo conclui que apesar de manter convênio como Colégio Estadual do Paraná e participar do NEDEM ( Núcleo deEstudo e Difusão do Ensino de Matemática ), grupo que liderou epropagou o movimento no Paraná, a ETFPR não priorizou, em seusprogramas, o ensino da Matemática Moderna. Foram poucos os vestígiosde apropriação das idéias modernizadoras do MMM encontrados nos documentos analisados e confirmados nos depoimentos de exprofessorese de ex-alunos da referida escola. No auge do MMM, acultura escolar da ETFPR foi marcada, de forma significativa, pelasiniciativas docentes voltadas à elaboração de material didático apropriadoàs reais finalidades dos cursos técnicos que naquele momentoempenhavam-se em aproximar a matemática escolar à cultura técnica,transformando-a em ferramenta útil para a urgente formação de mãode-obra necessária ao desenvolvimento industrial e tecnológico do país