Regionální konvergence v EU: Jakou roli hraje sektor Business Services?

Despite years of deepening economic integration among the states and regions of the European Union, empirical research remains inconclusive about speed of convergence across regions, if not its existence. This thesis provides novel evidence on convergence in the EU while focusing on development at regional level after the Great Recession. It uses recently developed log t convergence test by Phillips and Sul (2007). Our findings speak against the convergence in level of income per capita among the European regions and give us five clubs of regions converging in their income growth rates instead. Investigating further the geographical distribution of the convergence clubs, we confirm high inequality within the member states and find large continuous area of high convergence clubs in the urbanized part of Western Europe. Furthermore, we investigated the determinants of convergence club membership using Logistic Regression. The main explanatory variable of interest were Business Services (BS), a dynamic sector of the economy with presumably strong positive effect on regional innovative potential. We found positive effect of BS on membership in higher convergence clubs. Yet, this effect seems to diminish for the very highest club.I přes dlouhodobě se prohlubující hospodářskou spolupráci mezi členskými zeměmi a regiony zůstávají závěry empirického výzkumu ohledně konvergence nejasné. Tato práce si klade za cíl doplnit stávající výzkum o nové poznatky pomocí nedávno vyvinuté metody - log t konvergenčního testu (Phillips a Sul, 2007) s využitím dat z období po ekonomické krizi z roku 2008. Dosažené výsledky práce nepotvrdily konvergenci v hladině HDP na obyvatele, zato však bylo nalezeno pět skupin (klubů) tvořených regiony konvergujícími v míře hospodářského růstu. Geografické rozložení těchto klubů potvrdilo předpokládanou vysokou míru regionální nerovnosti v jednotlivých zemích a zároveň ukázalo na existenci většího seskupení bohatých regionů v metropolitní oblasti západní Evropy. Práce se rovněž věnuje analýze faktorů podmiňujících členství v jednotlivých konvergenčních klubech pomocí logistické regrese. Jako hlavní vysvětlující proměnná byly použity tzv. Business services (BS), dynamický sektor služeb, v literatuře často spojovaný se silným inovačním potenciálem. V jejich případě byl nalezen pozitivní efekt na členství ve vyšších klubech, který měl ovšem tendenci slábnout v případě klubu nejvyššího.Institut ekonomických studiíInstitute of Economic StudiesFakulta sociálních vědFaculty of Social Science

Systematic position of Eulachnus cembrae Borner with description of hitherto unknown sexual morphs of E. pumilae Inouye (Hemiptera, Aphididae, Lachninae)

The identity of Eulachnus cembrae Börner, 1950, stat. rev. from Europe, treated as a synonym of E. pumilae Inouye, 1939 from East Asia is clarified based on characters of sexual morphs. The oviparous female and alate male forms of E. pumilae are described and figured in detail for the first time and the poorly known sexual forms of E. cembrae are redescribed and figured in detail as well. Sexual morphs of the two similar species are compared, and significant differences clearly distinguishing those species are presented. A key to the identification of oviparous females and males of E. cembrae and E. pumilae as well as notes on host plants and distribution of these species are provided. The status of E. pumilae in the European aphid-fauna is clarified. Morphological characters of the sexual generation that may be useful for species identification are discussed

Control examination of seismic effects of blasting : master's thesis

Miniranje predstavlja skup kompleksnih radnji za koje je uz pravilne proračune i metode važna i sigurnost. Sigurnost i sve veća točnost se mogu odrediti iz već postojećih sličnih radnji na sličnim okruženjima, no ako se i jedan parametar promijeni vrlo važno je uz pomoć kontrolnih opažanja postići najoptimalnije uvjete. Seizmički utjecaji miniranja vrlo su važan dio prilikom izrade plana miniranja, utjecaji se temelje na nizu normi, proračuna i raznih preporuka. Osnovni parametar na kojem se bazira daljnja aktivnost prilikom proračuna je brzina oscilacije tla. Do sada je poznato nekoliko metoda koje matematički opisuju navedenu problematiku. Danas uz sve veće širenje gradova i naselja, javlja se potreba sa sve zahtjevnijim miniranjima koja uzimaju u obzir objekte u blizini miniranja. Kako bi se točno odredio utjecaj i dozvoljena količina eksploziva kod koje neće doći do oštećenja objekata koriste se razne kontrolne metode i ispitivanja. Cilj rada bio je prikazati kako se uz što više kontrolnih mjerenja postižu točniji rezultati, te kako je miniranje i sve popratne aktivnosti moguće obaviti u blizini naseljenog mjesta uz dodatne otežavajuće okolnosti kao što su podzemni spremnici za vodu, dalekovodi i telefonski vodovi.Blasting is a set of complex actions for which, in addition to proper calculations and methods, very important is safety. Safety and accuracy increase can be determined from pre-existing similar actions in similar environments, but if even one parameter changes, it is very important to achieve the most optimal conditions with the help of control examination. The seismic impacts of blasting is a very important part when designing a blasting plan, the impacts are based on a series of norms, budgets and recommendations. The basic parameter on which further activity is based during the calculation is the speed of oscillation. Oscillation velocity far, several methods that mathematically describe this problem, are known,. Today, with the increasing expansion of cities and settlements, there is a need for increasingly demanding blasting that takes place near account facilities. In order to accurately determine the impact and allowable amount of explosives that will not damage buildings, various control and testing methods are used. The aim of the work was to show how accurate results are achieved with as many control measurements as possible and how blasting and all accompanying activities can be performed in the vicinity of the settlement with additional aggravating circumstances such as underground water cisterns, transmission lines and telephone lines

Regional Convergence in the European Union: Do the Business Services Make the Difference?

Despite years of deepening economic integration among the states and regions of the European Union, empirical research remains inconclusive about speed of convergence across regions, if not its existence. This thesis provides novel evidence on convergence in the EU while focusing on development at regional level after the Great Recession. It uses recently developed log t convergence test by Phillips and Sul (2007). Our findings speak against the convergence in level of income per capita among the European regions and give us five clubs of regions converging in their income growth rates instead. Investigating further the geographical distribution of the convergence clubs, we confirm high inequality within the member states and find large continuous area of high convergence clubs in the urbanized part of Western Europe. Furthermore, we investigated the determinants of convergence club membership using Logistic Regression. The main explanatory variable of interest were Business Services (BS), a dynamic sector of the economy with presumably strong positive effect on regional innovative potential. We found positive effect of BS on membership in higher convergence clubs. Yet, this effect seems to diminish for the very highest club

Control examination of seismic effects of blasting : master's thesis

Miniranje predstavlja skup kompleksnih radnji za koje je uz pravilne proračune i metode važna i sigurnost. Sigurnost i sve veća točnost se mogu odrediti iz već postojećih sličnih radnji na sličnim okruženjima, no ako se i jedan parametar promijeni vrlo važno je uz pomoć kontrolnih opažanja postići najoptimalnije uvjete. Seizmički utjecaji miniranja vrlo su važan dio prilikom izrade plana miniranja, utjecaji se temelje na nizu normi, proračuna i raznih preporuka. Osnovni parametar na kojem se bazira daljnja aktivnost prilikom proračuna je brzina oscilacije tla. Do sada je poznato nekoliko metoda koje matematički opisuju navedenu problematiku. Danas uz sve veće širenje gradova i naselja, javlja se potreba sa sve zahtjevnijim miniranjima koja uzimaju u obzir objekte u blizini miniranja. Kako bi se točno odredio utjecaj i dozvoljena količina eksploziva kod koje neće doći do oštećenja objekata koriste se razne kontrolne metode i ispitivanja. Cilj rada bio je prikazati kako se uz što više kontrolnih mjerenja postižu točniji rezultati, te kako je miniranje i sve popratne aktivnosti moguće obaviti u blizini naseljenog mjesta uz dodatne otežavajuće okolnosti kao što su podzemni spremnici za vodu, dalekovodi i telefonski vodovi.Blasting is a set of complex actions for which, in addition to proper calculations and methods, very important is safety. Safety and accuracy increase can be determined from pre-existing similar actions in similar environments, but if even one parameter changes, it is very important to achieve the most optimal conditions with the help of control examination. The seismic impacts of blasting is a very important part when designing a blasting plan, the impacts are based on a series of norms, budgets and recommendations. The basic parameter on which further activity is based during the calculation is the speed of oscillation. Oscillation velocity far, several methods that mathematically describe this problem, are known,. Today, with the increasing expansion of cities and settlements, there is a need for increasingly demanding blasting that takes place near account facilities. In order to accurately determine the impact and allowable amount of explosives that will not damage buildings, various control and testing methods are used. The aim of the work was to show how accurate results are achieved with as many control measurements as possible and how blasting and all accompanying activities can be performed in the vicinity of the settlement with additional aggravating circumstances such as underground water cisterns, transmission lines and telephone lines

Control examination of seismic effects of blasting : master's thesis

Miniranje predstavlja skup kompleksnih radnji za koje je uz pravilne proračune i metode važna i sigurnost. Sigurnost i sve veća točnost se mogu odrediti iz već postojećih sličnih radnji na sličnim okruženjima, no ako se i jedan parametar promijeni vrlo važno je uz pomoć kontrolnih opažanja postići najoptimalnije uvjete. Seizmički utjecaji miniranja vrlo su važan dio prilikom izrade plana miniranja, utjecaji se temelje na nizu normi, proračuna i raznih preporuka. Osnovni parametar na kojem se bazira daljnja aktivnost prilikom proračuna je brzina oscilacije tla. Do sada je poznato nekoliko metoda koje matematički opisuju navedenu problematiku. Danas uz sve veće širenje gradova i naselja, javlja se potreba sa sve zahtjevnijim miniranjima koja uzimaju u obzir objekte u blizini miniranja. Kako bi se točno odredio utjecaj i dozvoljena količina eksploziva kod koje neće doći do oštećenja objekata koriste se razne kontrolne metode i ispitivanja. Cilj rada bio je prikazati kako se uz što više kontrolnih mjerenja postižu točniji rezultati, te kako je miniranje i sve popratne aktivnosti moguće obaviti u blizini naseljenog mjesta uz dodatne otežavajuće okolnosti kao što su podzemni spremnici za vodu, dalekovodi i telefonski vodovi.Blasting is a set of complex actions for which, in addition to proper calculations and methods, very important is safety. Safety and accuracy increase can be determined from pre-existing similar actions in similar environments, but if even one parameter changes, it is very important to achieve the most optimal conditions with the help of control examination. The seismic impacts of blasting is a very important part when designing a blasting plan, the impacts are based on a series of norms, budgets and recommendations. The basic parameter on which further activity is based during the calculation is the speed of oscillation. Oscillation velocity far, several methods that mathematically describe this problem, are known,. Today, with the increasing expansion of cities and settlements, there is a need for increasingly demanding blasting that takes place near account facilities. In order to accurately determine the impact and allowable amount of explosives that will not damage buildings, various control and testing methods are used. The aim of the work was to show how accurate results are achieved with as many control measurements as possible and how blasting and all accompanying activities can be performed in the vicinity of the settlement with additional aggravating circumstances such as underground water cisterns, transmission lines and telephone lines

Skill-bias and wage inequality in the EU New Member States: Empirical investigation

We use the individual-level data on income and education level from the EU-SILC database to investigate the trends in income distribution and wage polarization in the EU New Member States. We do not confirm the existence of job polarization in wages and employment that has been observed in the United States or other developed countries. Rather, we document decreasing inequality, particularly in Czechia, Poland, Hungary and Slovakia. Also, our estimates of the elasticity of substitution between low and high skill labour are higher than often found in other countries. These results imply a different impact of globalization on the labour markets in the EU New Member States than in other countries. However, it remains unclear whether these differences are temporary or will prevail in the future