Labeling dating abuse: Undetected abuse among Spanish adolescents and young adults

El Instituto de la Mujer en España matiza la existencia de mujeres adultas auto-percibidas como maltratadas y técnicamente maltratadas (la víctima soporta algún tipo de violencia sin atribuirle la etiqueta de maltrato). El objetivo del presente estudio ex post facto es verificar ambos tipos de maltrato y desarrollar alternativas de evaluación en parejas jóvenes. Para ello, se utilizó una combinación de 13 ítems conductuales y de una pregunta sobre percepción de maltrato (evaluaciones atómica y molecular, respectivamente). A través de las preguntas contenidas en el Cuestionario de Violencia de Novios (CUVINO), se realizaron dos estudios diferenciados con muestra de mujeres adolescentes y jóvenes escolarizadas. El primero de ellos (N = 709; M = 18,5 años) replicó la evaluación de maltrato técnico llevada a cabo por el Instituto de la Mujer, encontrando un 6,2% de maltrato percibido y un 71% de maltrato técnico. En un segundo estudio (N = 1.327; M = 18,5), se evaluó la concordancia entre percepciones generales (sentirse maltratada, sentir miedo y sentirse atrapada en la relación), encontrando un 5,8% de mujeres maltratadas, un 11,9% de atemorizadas y un 26,8% atrapadas en sus relaciones. Se discuten las implicaciones que las inconsistencias encontradas en ambos estudios pueden tener sobre los esfuerzos preventivos.The Instituto de la Mujer in Spain highlights the existence of adult women being abused both with and without self-labeling as victims (situations of perceived abuse and technically abuse, respectively). The aims of this ex post facto study are assessing the existence of both types of abuse, and developing an alternative evaluation instrument for young couples, mixing behavioral items and a question on abuse perception (atomic and molecular evaluations). Using questions included in the Cuestionario de Violencia de Novios (CUVINO) we carried out two studies with different samples of adolescent and young women in school. The first one (N = 709; M = 18.5 years) replied the study conducted by the Instituto de la Mujer, finding 6.2% of women self-labeled as abused and 71% being technically abused. The second study (N = 1,327; M = 18.5) evaluated the relationship among different general perceptions (feeling abused, afraid and trapped in dating relationships), finding 5.8% of self-labeled abused women, 11.9% of afraid women, and 26.8% of women trapped in their relationships. Implications that these inconsistencies may have on prevention efforts are discussed.Universidad de Ovied

Towards precision medicine: defining and characterizing adipose tissue dysfunction to identify early immunometabolic risk in symptom-free adults from the GEMM family study

Interactions between macrophages and adipocytes are early molecular factors influencing adipose tissue (AT) dysfunction, resulting in high leptin, low adiponectin circulating levels and low-grade metaflammation, leading to insulin resistance (IR) with increased cardiovascular risk. We report the characterization of AT dysfunction through measurements of the adiponectin/leptin ratio (ALR), the adipo-insulin resistance index (Adipo-IRi), fasting/postprandial (F/P) immunometabolic phenotyping and direct F/P differential gene expression in AT biopsies obtained from symptom-free adults from the GEMM family study. AT dysfunction was evaluated through associations of the ALR with F/P insulin-glucose axis, lipid-lipoprotein metabolism, and inflammatory markers. A relevant pattern of negative associations between decreased ALR and markers of systemic low-grade metaflammation, HOMA, and postprandial cardiovascular risk hyperinsulinemic, triglyceride and GLP-1 curves was found. We also analysed their plasma non-coding microRNAs and shotgun lipidomics profiles finding trends that may reflect a pattern of adipose tissue dysfunction in the fed and fasted state. Direct gene differential expression data showed initial patterns of AT molecular signatures of key immunometabolic genes involved in AT expansion, angiogenic remodelling and immune cell migration. These data reinforce the central, early role of AT dysfunction at the molecular and systemic level in the pathogenesis of IR and immunometabolic disorders

Impact of COVID-19 on cardiovascular testing in the United States versus the rest of the world

Objectives: This study sought to quantify and compare the decline in volumes of cardiovascular procedures between the United States and non-US institutions during the early phase of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the care of many non-COVID-19 illnesses. Reductions in diagnostic cardiovascular testing around the world have led to concerns over the implications of reduced testing for cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. Methods: Data were submitted to the INCAPS-COVID (International Atomic Energy Agency Non-Invasive Cardiology Protocols Study of COVID-19), a multinational registry comprising 909 institutions in 108 countries (including 155 facilities in 40 U.S. states), assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on volumes of diagnostic cardiovascular procedures. Data were obtained for April 2020 and compared with volumes of baseline procedures from March 2019. We compared laboratory characteristics, practices, and procedure volumes between U.S. and non-U.S. facilities and between U.S. geographic regions and identified factors associated with volume reduction in the United States. Results: Reductions in the volumes of procedures in the United States were similar to those in non-U.S. facilities (68% vs. 63%, respectively; p = 0.237), although U.S. facilities reported greater reductions in invasive coronary angiography (69% vs. 53%, respectively; p < 0.001). Significantly more U.S. facilities reported increased use of telehealth and patient screening measures than non-U.S. facilities, such as temperature checks, symptom screenings, and COVID-19 testing. Reductions in volumes of procedures differed between U.S. regions, with larger declines observed in the Northeast (76%) and Midwest (74%) than in the South (62%) and West (44%). Prevalence of COVID-19, staff redeployments, outpatient centers, and urban centers were associated with greater reductions in volume in U.S. facilities in a multivariable analysis. Conclusions: We observed marked reductions in U.S. cardiovascular testing in the early phase of the pandemic and significant variability between U.S. regions. The association between reductions of volumes and COVID-19 prevalence in the United States highlighted the need for proactive efforts to maintain access to cardiovascular testing in areas most affected by outbreaks of COVID-19 infection

Evaluación de los servicios ecosistémicos provistos por una microcuenca periurbana de Querétaro (México)

Human activities have an impact on the environment and on the capacity of ecosystems to provide ecosystem services. In this research, ecosystem services of a periurban microbasin of Querétaro are evaluated and mapped in order to generate a panorama of the potential supply and its association with the demand that inhabitants could have. Fifteen local ecosystem services were analysed. For decision makers they could allow to implement shortand medium-term measures in topics such as risk management and adaptation to climate change. The biophysical evaluation carried out is based on an evaluation based on expert knowledge and the application of a survey to recognize the most demanded services. Eight types of ecosystems were analyzed to evaluate all the ecosystem services in a general way. Then, four local ecosystem services were selected, representative of each type of service (provision, regulation and cultural) to map them through GIS. The results show the different capacities that the ecosystems of the El Nabo microbasin have to provide ecosystem services, and in spite of the fact that the supply of some ecosystem services in the area with natural ecosystems is greater than the demand, the urban area has a high deficit of services and this surplus of supply is insufficient to cover the needs demanded by the inhabitants. Having maps of potential supply, demand and balance of the ecosystem services represents an important contribution for future applications and serves as a basis for the proposal for payments for ecosystem services that is being discussed in México.Las actividades humanas tienen efectos en el medio ambiente y en la capacidad de los ecosistemas para proporcionar servicios ecosistémicos. En esta investigación se evalúan y mapean los servicios ecosistémicos de una microcuenca periurbana de Querétaro, con el fin de generar un panorama de la oferta potencial de servicios ecosistémicos y su relación con la demanda que podría haber de parte de los habitantes de la microcuenca. Se analizaron quince servicios ecosistémicos locales que podrían permitir a los tomadores de decisiones implementar medidas a corto y mediano plazo en temas como la gestión del riesgo y adaptación al cambio climático. La evaluación se basa en una evaluación basada en conocimiento de expertos y la aplicación de una encuesta para reconocer los servicios más demandados. La evaluación biofísica realizada sigue un esquema basado en la capacidad de los ecosistemas de proveer estos servicios. Se analizaron ocho tipos de ecosistemas de la microcuenca para evaluar todos los servicios de manera general y luego se seleccionaron cuatro servicios, representativos de cada tipo de servicio (provisión, regulación y cultural) y relevantes a nivel local para mapearlos por medio de SIG. Los resultados muestran las diferentes capacidades que tienen los ecosistemas de la microcuenca El Nabo para proveer servicios ecosistémicos, y a pesar de ser mayor la oferta que la demanda de algunos servicios ecosistémicos en el área con ecosistemas naturales, la zona urbana tiene un alto déficit de servicios y este excedente de oferta es insuficiente para cubrir las necesidades que los habitantes demandan. Contar con mapas de oferta, demanda y balance potencial de servicios ecosistémicos representa una contribución importante para aplicaciones futuras y servir como base para la propuesta de pago por servicios ecosistémicos que se discute en México

Chitosan-Coated Magnetic Nanoparticles Prepared in One-Step by Precipitation in a High-Aqueous Phase Content Reverse Microemulsion

Chitosan-coated magnetic nanoparticles (CMNP) were prepared in one-step by precipitation in a high-aqueous phase content reverse microemulsion in the presence of chitosan. The high-aqueous phase concentration led to productivities close to 0.49 g CMNP/100 g microemulsion; much higher than those characteristic of precipitation in reverse microemulsions for preparing magnetic nanoparticles. The obtained nanoparticles present a narrow particle size distribution with an average diameter of 4.5 nm; appearing to be formed of a single crystallite; furthermore they present superparamagnetism and high magnetization values; close to 49 emu/g. Characterization of CMNP suggests that chitosan is present as a non-homogeneous very thin layer; which explains the slight reduction in the magnetization value of CMNP in comparison with that of uncoated magnetic nanoparticles. The prepared nanoparticles show high heavy ion removal capability; as demonstrated by their use in the treatment of Pb2+ aqueous solutions; from which lead ions were completely removed within 10 min

Gray fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus) parasite diversity in central Mexico

Mexico has a long history of parasitological studies in communities of vertebrates. However, the mega diversity of the country makes fauna inventories an ongoing priority. Presently, there is little published on the parasite fauna of gray foxes (Urocyon cinereoargenteus Schereber, 1775) and this study provides new records of parasites for gray foxes in central Mexico. It is a continuation of a series of previous parasitological studies conducted with this carnivore in Mexico from 2003 to the present. A total of 24 foxes in the Parque Nacional El Cimatario (PANEC) were trapped, anaesthetized, and parasites recovered. The species found were Dirofilaria immitis, Ctenocephalides canis, C. felis, Euhoplopsillus glacialis affinis (first report for gray foxes in Mexico) Pulex simulants, and Ixodes sp. Three additional gray fox carcasses were necropsied and the parasites collected were adult nematodes Physaloptera praeputialis and Toxocara canis. The intensive study of the gray fox population selected for the 2013–2015 recent period allowed for a two-fold increase in the number of parasite species recorded for this carnivore since 2003 (nine to 18 parasite species), mainly recording parasitic arthropods, Dirofilaria immitis filariae and adult nematodes. The parasite species recorded are generalists that can survive in anthropic environments; which is characteristic of the present ecological scenario in central Mexico. The close proximity of the PANEC to the city of Santiago de Queretaro suggests possible parasite transmission between the foxes and domestic and feral dogs. Furthermore, packs of feral dogs in the PANEC might have altered habitat use by foxes, with possible impacts on transmission

Suelos, bases para su manejo y conservación

International audienceno abstrac

Educación. Contextos sociales y propensión a aprender

Nuestras sociedades están inmersas, desde hace algunos años, en interminables debates y movilizaciones en torno a la educación. Se ha ido configurando una creciente demanda ciudadana exigiendo una educación de calidad e igualdad de oportunidades en el acceso a ella. Por otra parte se han instaurado prácticas recurrentes de medición de los logros educativos, haciendo uso de patrones de carácter universal, que permiten a los distintos actores involucrados cotejar lo que está ocurriendo en sus respectivos países comparándolo con lo que ocurre en otros países

TPPP-BRD9 fusion-related gallbladder carcinomas are frequently associated with intracholecystic neoplasia, neuroendocrine carcinoma, and a distinctive small tubular-type adenocarcinoma commonly accompanied with a syringomatous pattern

A fusion between tubulin polymerization-promoting protein (TPPP), a regulatory cytoskeletal gene, and the chromatin remodeling factor, bromodomain-containing protein 9 (BRD9), TPPP-BRD9 fusion has been found in rare cancer cases, including lung and gallbladder cancers (GBC). In this study, we investigated the histopathological features of 16 GBCs previously shown by RNA sequencing to harbor the TPPP-BRD9 fusion. Findings in the fusion-positive GBCs were compared with 645 GBC cases from the authors’ database. Among the 16 TPPP-BRD9 fusion-positive GBC cases, most were females (F:M = 7:1) of Chinese ethnicity (12/16), whereas the remaining cases were from Chile. The histopathological examination showed the following findings: 1) Intracholecystic neoplasm (ICN) in 7/15 (47% vs. 7% 645 reference GBCs, p < 0.001), all with gastro-pancreatobiliary phenotype, often with clear cell change, and in the background of pyloric gland metaplasia and extensive high-grade dysplasia. 2) Neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) morphology: 3 cases (27% vs. 4.6% in the reference database, p = 0.001) showed a sheet-like and nested/trabecular growth pattern of monotonous cells with salt-and-pepper chromatin characteristic of NECs. Two were large cell type, one had prominent clear cell features, a rare finding in GBNECs; the other one had relatively bland, well-differentiated morphology, and the remaining case was small cell type. 3) Adenocarcinoma identified in 8 cases had a distinctive pattern characterized by widely separated small, round tubular units with relatively uniform nuclei in a fashion seen in mesonephric adenocarcinomas, including hobnail-like arrangement and apical snouts, reminiscent of tubular carcinomas of the breast in many areas. In some foci, the epithelium was attenuated, and glands were elongated, some with comma shapes, which along with the mucinous/necrotic intraluminal debris created a “syringoid” appearance. 4) Other occasional patterns included the cribriform, glomeruloid patterns, and metaplastic tubular-spindle cell pattern accompanied by hemorrhage. In conclusion, TPPP-BRD9 fusion-positive GBCs often develop through intracholecystic neoplasms (adenoma-carcinoma sequence) of gastro-pancreatobiliary lineage, appear more prone to form NEC morphology and have a propensity to display clear cell change. Invasive adenocarcinomas arising in this setting often seem to display a distinctive appearance that we tentatively propose as the TPPP-BRD9 fusion-positive pattern of GBC

Compilación de Proyectos de Investigación desde el año 2003 al 2012

Listado de Proyectos de investigación de UPIICSA desde 2003 a 201