Academic Use of Rapid Prototyping in Digitally Controlled Power Factor Correctors

The growing use of power converters connected to the grid motivates their study in power electronics courses and the prototype development in the degree final project (DFP). However, the practical realization of using state-of-the-art components and conversion techniques is complex due to the numerous multidisciplinary aspects that students must consider in its design and development and the workload associated with the DFP. An example of this is that, unlike a conventional power factor correction (PFC) design, the individual dedication of students to complete the design and validation of modern bridgeless PFC stages exceeds the number of credits of the DFP. The reason for this is that it includes system modeling, becoming familiar with the devices used, discrete selection, circuit design, control development, and programming, to build the converter and verify the operation of the complete system. To reinforce the individual skills needed for the DFP and reduce this time, a novel strategy is proposed. It allows the student to focus their efforts on integrating the individual skills achieved in the degree at the appropriate competence level during the modeling and construction of the power converter while carrying out part of the tasks out of the lab, if necessary, as was the case during the pandemic restrictions. For this, the rapid prototyping technique is introduced to speed up the overall design and speed up the tuning of digital controllers. This manuscript presents a teaching experience in which students build digitally controlled power converters using Texas Instruments microcontroller boards and PLECS®. The example of a bridgeless totem-pole power factor corrector is shown. Although it began to develop and was motivated due to the restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic, the experience has been verified and is maintained over time, successfully consolidating

Aprendizaje andamiado: importancia del enfoque de proyectos en la etapa de educación infantil

El presente trabajo se basa en resaltar el andamiaje producido en una alumna tanto personal como profesionalmente a través de la tutora de aula de sus prácticas educativas. Después de presentar una justificación teórica, y los objetivos del trabajo, he realizado una revisión teórica de la metodología por proyectos. En el apartado dedicado a la metodología, presento el diseño de investigación cualitativa, en el que la base es el estudio de caso. A la hora de analizar el caso he contado con datos recogidos en el proyecto realizado en mi periodo de prácticas, la entrevista a la profesora tutora y unas aportaciones didácticas sobre el enfoque por proyectos recibidas por unas profesoras expertas. Tras este trabajo fin de grado, quiero dejar constancia de la importancia que tiene este tipo de metodología globalizada en la Etapa de Educación Infantil, como es el trabajo por proyectos.Grado en Educación Infanti

Trastornos del Espectro Autista: estudio de un caso y propuesta de intervención logopédica

Los trastornos del lenguaje son una de las dificultades observadas más comunes en niños con Trastornos del Espectro Autista (TEA), siendo en ocasiones, el principal signo de alarma para padres y profesionales clínicos. La terapia logopédica cobra importancia en un marco de acción multidisciplinar, a través de programas de intervención específicos y adaptados. En este trabajo se ha realizado una adaptación del método ABA para un niño con TEA, con una afectación significativa en el área del lenguaje, especialmente en la vertiente de la expresión oral. Para el cumplimiento de objetivos, se han utilizado herramientas de soporte digital (TIC) combinadas con otros procedimientos tradicionales propios del método.Grado en Logopedi

Two-sample PLL with harmonic filtering capability applicable to single-phase grid-connected converters

The two-sample phase locked loop (2S PLL) in single-phase digitally controlled grid-connected power converters provide synchronization with a minimal computational burden. However, the distortion of the grid voltage deteriorates the performance of the 2S quadrature signal generator. To solve this issue, this article introduces a harmonic filtering (HF) structure based on observers of the input voltage for the fundamental and selected harmonics. The stability and sensitivity of the 2S PLL with HF is analyzed. In comparison with second-order generalized integrator (SOGI)-based HF, the observers provide a narrower bandpass, and the subsequent deterioration of the response time is compensated by adapting the filter gains dynamically. The results obtained, both in simulation and experimentally, validate the proposal and compare its performance with other widely adopted PLLs providing harmonic rejection capability. The computational burden is analyzed and in the case of the proposals depends on the number of observers and the use or not of the adaptive strategy based on steepest descent.This work has been supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation under Project RTI2018-095138-B-C31 PEGIA Power Electronics for the Grid and Industry Applications

A Recursive Park Transformation to Improve the Performance of Synchronous Reference Frame Controllers in Shunt Active Power Filters

Load harmonic currents and load unbalances reduce power quality (PQ) supplied by electrical networks. Shunt active power filters (SAPFs) are a well-known solution that can be employed to enhance electrical PQ by injecting a compensation current at the point of common coupling (PCC) of the SAPF, the load, and the electrical grid. Hence, SAPF controllers must determine the instantaneous values of the compensation reference current, including nondesirable components of the load current. A family of SAPF controllers, which evaluates the compensation reference current using synchronous rotating frames (SRFs), employs a structure based on Park transformations: direct transform, low- pass filtering (LPF), and inverse transform. The cutoff frequency and the filter order of the LPF stage must be designed properly in order to obtain an accurate reference current and a fast dynamic response of these SAPF controllers. This paper proposes a recursive implementation of the direct Park transformation that avoids the filtering stage and allows accurate SRF controllers to be designed. Moreover, the proposed implementation is not dependent on PCC conditions. The proposed implementation is evaluated using a three-phase, three-wire SAPF and compared with LPF-based controllers by simulation and experiment

Estudio computacional de derivados de la ciclopropenona: estructura y predicción de parámetros espectroscópicos

En este Trabajo de Fin de Grado se ha realizado un estudio computacional de la ciclopropenona (C3H2O), una molécula orgánica cíclica compleja que se encuentra entre las, aproximadamente, 300 moléculas encontradas en el ISM, y de seis derivados de esta (cicloprop-2-en-1-ol (C3H4O), cicloprop-2-eno-1-carbaldehído (C4H4O), cicloprop-2-en-1-carbonitrilo (C4H3N), cicloprop-2-en-1-amina (C3H5N), 3-fluorocicloprop-1-eno (C3H3F) y 3-clorocicloprop-1-eno (C3H3Cl)) utilizando diferentes métodos de La Teoría del Funcional de la Densidad (DFT).In this Undergraduate Thesis Project, we have performed a computational study of cyclopropenone (C3H2O), a cyclic complex organic molecule which is among the ∼300 molecules found in the interstellar medium, and its six derivatives: cycloprop-2-en-1-ol (C3H4O), cycloprop-2-ene-1-carbaldehyde (C4H4O), cycloprop-2-en-1-carbonitrile (C4H3N), cycloprop-2-en-1-amine (C3H5N), 3-fluorocycloprop-1-ene (C3H3F) and 3-chlorocycloprop-1-ene (C3H3Cl), using different Density Functional Theory (DFT) methods.Departamento de Química Física y Química InorgánicaGrado en Químic

Improved noise immunity for two-sample PLL applicable to single-phase PFCs

Synchronization in a single-phase Power Factor Correction (PFC) is deteriorated, among others, by the combination of the noise introduced by the grid voltage sensing, conducted EMI, the ADC resolution and the sampling frequency used. Low signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) reduce the performance of the Two-Sample (2S) Phase Locked Loop (PLL). This effect can be compensated by including a smoothing filter action without increasing the overall complexity significantly. The resulting 2S with smoothing (2SS) is evaluated and validated by simulation and experimentally over a Totem Pole PFC.This work has been supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation under Project RTI2018-095138-BC31 PEGIA - Power Electronics for the Grid and Industry Applications