Tendencia al comportamiento ortoréxico

El propósito de este estudio fue aproximarse a la realidad del comportamiento ortoréxico en nuestro medio. Asimismo, se buscó conocer el tipo de perfil perfeccionista y la modalidad de Locus de Control predominantes en un grupo de dietantes restrictivos voluntarios. La muestra estuvo constituida por 222 dietantes mendocinos, cuyas edades comprendían entre los 24 y los 35 años. El estudio es descriptivo-correlacional, y su diseño es No Experimental- Transversal. Los instrumentos administrados fueron: el cuestionario Orto-15; la Almost Perfect Scale- Revised (APS-R) y la Escala de Locus de Control interna-externa de Rotter. Los resultados indican: una prevalencia de riesgo de comportamiento ortoréxico del 12.2%, predominando el perfil perfeccionista adaptativo y la modalidad interna de Locus de Control. Lo que se relaciona con una mayor motivación hacia el logro que les permite persistir en el tiempo en sus objetivos, auto-regulando y controlando su conducta de ingesta. Por otra parte, no se encontró correlación significativa entre el Comportamiento Ortoréxico y el Locus de control, por lo que podría pensarse que el Locus de Control es una variable mediadora de aproximación al estrés. La correlación entre la dimensión desadaptativa del perfeccionismo y el comportamiento ortoréxico fue débil; por tanto, se considera que la valoración adaptativa o desadaptativa de los propios estándares de desempeño es específica a cada situación, requiriéndose de otros instrumentos para profundizar su evaluación.The purpose of this study was to approach the Orthorexic Eating Behavior reality in our environment. Additionally, the study aimed at recognizing the type of perfectionist profile and the Locus of Control modality that prevailed in a group of voluntary restrictive dieters. The sample group was formed by 222 dieters aged 24 to 35 years from the province of Mendoza. The study is Descriptive-Correlational in nature and its design is Non-experimental and Cross-sectional. The instruments used were the ORTO-15 questionnaire, the Almost Perfect Scale- Revised (APS-R) and Rotter´s Internal-External Locus of Control Scale. Results show a prevalence of risk of 12.2% for Orthorexic Eating Behavior, with the adaptive Perfectionism profile and the internal Locus of Control taking precedence. This is related to a higher motivation for achievement that allows the respondents to insist on their objectives` pursuit, auto-regulating and controlling their intake behavior. Moreover, no significant correlation was found between Orthorexic Eating Behavior and Locus of Control, which leads to the possible conclusion that the Locus of Control is an intermediary variable of approximation to stress. The correlation between the maladaptive dimension of Perfectionism and Orthorexic Eating Behavior was weak, thus the adaptive or maladaptive classification of the respondents` own performance standards is considered specific to each situation, requiring more instruments for its in-depth evaluation.Fil: Videla Pietrasanta, Andrea Belé

Modelling mesoporous alumina microstructure with 3D random models of platelets

International audienceThis work focuses on a mesoporous material made of nanometric alumina "platelets" of unknown shape. We develop a 3D random microstructure to model the porous material , based on 2D Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) images, without prior knowledge on the spatial distribution of alumina inside the material. The TEM images , acquired on samples with thickness 300 nm, a scale much larger than the platelets's size, are too blurry and noisy to allow one to distinguish platelets or platelets aggregates individually. In a first step, the TEM images correlation function and integral range are estimated. The presence of long-range fluctuations, due to the TEM inhomogeneous detection , is detected and corrected by filtering. The corrected correlation function is used as a morphological descriptor for the model. After testing a Boolean model of platelets, a two-scales model of microstructure is introduced to replicate the statistical dispersion of platelets observed on TEM images. Accordingly a set of two-scales Boolean models with varying physically-admissible platelets shapes is proposed. Upon optimization, the model takes into account the dispersion of platelets in the microstructure as observed on TEM images. Comparing it to X-ray diffraction and nitrogen porosimetry data, the model is found to be in good agreement with the material in terms of specific surface area

Start-up in microgravity and local thermodynamic states of a hybrid loop thermosyphon/pulsating heat pipe

A wickless passive two phase closed loop heat transfer device especially designed for a future implementation on the heat transfer host module of the International Space Station is tested in relevant environment on board a parabolic flight. The tube internal diameter (3 mm) is larger than the static capillary threshold evaluated in normal gravity for this working fluid (FC-72), leading the device to work as a loop thermosyphon on ground and in hyper-gravity conditions, and as a Pulsating Heat Pipe when micro-gravity occurs. Novel start up tests, where the heat load has been provided after the occurrence of microgravity, show that the 20 s microgravity period is enough for the device activation and, most important, that the device activation is purely thermally induced and not affected by the previous acceleration field. Two miniaturized pressure transducers and direct fluid temperature measurement via two micro-thermocouples, allow to provide a detailed insight on the fluid local thermodynamics states both in the evaporator and in the condenser zone during microgravity. It is shown that the two-phase fluid close to the evaporator and the condenser is subjected to several degrees (up to 5 K) of superheating or subcooling. The level of subcooling seems to increase with the heat input level both in terms of temperature difference and in terms of percentage time with respect to the whole microgravity period

Iatrogenic Anetoderma of Prematurity: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Anetoderma is a skin disorder characterized by focal loss of elastic tissue in the mid dermis, resulting in localized areas of macular depressions or pouchlike herniations of skin. An iatrogenic form of anetoderma has been rarely described in extremely premature infants and has been related to the placement of monitoring devices on the patient skin. Because of the increasing survival of extremely premature infants, it is easy to foresee that the prevalence of anetoderma of prematurity will increase in the next future. Although it is a benign lesion, it persists over time and can lead to significant aesthetic damage with need for surgical correction. Sometimes the diagnosis can be difficult, especially when the atrophic lesions become evident after discharge. Here, we report on a premature infant born at 24 weeks of gestation, who developed multiple anetodermic patches of skin on the trunk at the sites where electrocardiographic electrodes were previously applied. The knowledge of the disease can encourage a more careful management of the skin of extremely premature babies and aid the physicians to diagnose the disease when anetoderma patches are first encountered later in childhood

Continous Treatment with Ibrutinib in 100 Untreated Patients with TP53 Disrupted Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. A Real-Life Campus CLL Study

Continous Treatment with Ibrutinib in 100 Untreated Patients with TP53 Disrupted Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. A Real-Life Campus CLL Stud

Peri-Operative Prophylaxis in Patients of Neonatal and Pediatric Age Subjected to Cardiac and Thoracic Surgery: A RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method Consensus Study

Surgical site infections (SSIs) represent a potential complication of surgical procedures, with a significant impact on mortality, morbidity, and healthcare costs. Patients undergoing cardiac surgery and thoracic surgery are often considered patients at high risk of developing SSIs. This consensus document aims to provide information on the management of peri-operative antibiotic prophylaxis for the pediatric and neonatal population undergoing cardiac and non-cardiac thoracic surgery. The following scenarios were considered: (1) cardiac surgery for the correction of congenital heart disease and/or valve surgery; (2) cardiac catheterization without the placement of prosthetic material; (3) cardiac catheterization with the placement of prosthetic material; (4) implantable cardiac defibrillator or epicardial pacemaker placement; (5) patients undergoing ExtraCorporal Membrane Oxygenation; (6) cardiac tumors and heart transplantation; (7) non-cardiac thoracic surgery with thoracotomy; (8) non-cardiac thoracic surgery using video-assisted thoracoscopy; (9) elective chest drain placement in the pediatric patient; (10) elective chest drain placement in the newborn; (11) thoracic drain placement in the trauma setting. This consensus provides clear and shared indications, representing the most complete and up-to-date collection of practice recommendations in pediatric cardiac and thoracic surgery, in order to guide physicians in the management of the patient, standardizing approaches and avoiding the abuse and misuse of antibiotics

New Algorithm to Determine True Colocalization in Combination with Image Restoration and Time-Lapse Confocal Microscopy to Map Kinases in Mitochondria

The subcellular localization and physiological functions of biomolecules are closely related and thus it is crucial to precisely determine the distribution of different molecules inside the intracellular structures. This is frequently accomplished by fluorescence microscopy with well-characterized markers and posterior evaluation of the signal colocalization. Rigorous study of colocalization requires statistical analysis of the data, albeit yet no single technique has been established as a standard method. Indeed, the few methods currently available are only accurate in images with particular characteristics. Here, we introduce a new algorithm to automatically obtain the true colocalization between images that is suitable for a wide variety of biological situations. To proceed, the algorithm contemplates the individual contribution of each pixel's fluorescence intensity in a pair of images to the overall Pearsońs correlation and Manders' overlap coefficients. The accuracy and reliability of the algorithm was validated on both simulated and real images that reflected the characteristics of a range of biological samples. We used this algorithm in combination with image restoration by deconvolution and time-lapse confocal microscopy to address the localization of MEK1 in the mitochondria of different cell lines. Appraising the previously described behavior of Akt1 corroborated the reliability of the combined use of these techniques. Together, the present work provides a novel statistical approach to accurately and reliably determine the colocalization in a variety of biological images

La gestione neonatologica dell'infezione congenita da citomegalovirus

Il citomegalovirus (CMV) \ue8 la causa pi\uf9 frequente di infezione virale congenita, interessando lo 0,2-2% dei nati vivi, e pertanto rappresenta un problema rilevante di salute pubblica. I neonati con infezione congenita, sia sintomatici sia asintomatici alla nascita, possono presentare sequele, in particolare ipoacusia neurosensoriale e danno neurologico. Il virus pu\uf2 essere trasmesso al feto sia in seguito ad una infezione materna primaria sia in seguito ad una infezione ricorrente. Nonostante il rischio di trasmissione sia significativamente pi\uf9 elevato in caso di infezione materna primaria che non in caso di infezione ricorrente, non \ue8 ad oggi raccomandato lo screening per CMV in gravidanza in quanto non c\u2019\ue8 sufficiente evidenza in favore di terapie prenatali. Quando l\u2019infezione congenita viene diagnosticata alla nascita, il ganciclovir per via endovenosa o il valganciclovir per os rappresentano i farmaci di scelta per il trattamento dei neonati sintomatici. In base alle evidenze scientifiche attuali, la terapia antivirale dovrebbe essere proseguita per sei mesi nei neonati con infezione di entit\ue0 media/grave. In ogni caso, tutti i neonati con infezione congenita, sia sintomatici sia asintomatici alla nascita, dovrebbero essere seguiti con un programma di follow-up mirato fino all\u2019et\ue0 di sei anni al fine di diagnosticare tempestivamente le sequele tardive e mettere in atto gli interventi riabilitativi necessari. L\u2019esecuzione di uno screening universale alla nascita per l\u2019infezione congenita da CMV sarebbe auspicabile in quanto consentirebbe di identificare anche i neonati con infezione congenita asintomatica alla nascita nati da donne con infezione non primaria in gravidanza. La ricerca del DNA di CMV tramite PCR nella saliva sembra essere il test che presenta le migliori caratteristiche per uno screening. Sicuramente sono necessari studi su larga scala per valutare il rapporto rischio/beneficio di uno screening universale che potrebbe essere determinante nel ridurre il \u201ccarico\u201d derivante dall\u2019infezione congenita da CMV.Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is the leading cause of congenital infection in humans, affecting 0.2-2% of all live births, and thus constitutes a major public health problem. Congenitally infected infants, both symptomatic and asymptomatic at birth, may develop sequelae, especially sensorineural hearing loss and brain damage. The virus can be transmitted to the fetus following either a primary or a non-primary maternal infection during pregnancy. Even though the transmission rate is much higher in primary infected mothers than in mothers with preconceptional immunity, routine CMV screening of pregnant women is not recommended today because no consensus exists on prenatal treatment options. Intravenous ganciclovir or oral valganciclovir are used to treat neonates with symptoms at birth. Valganciclovir treatment for six months is recommended for congenitally infected neonates with moderately to severely symptomatic disease. All infants with congenital CMV infection, both symptomatic and asymptomatic at birth, need a followup evaluation to detect sequelae as early as possible, so that infants can receive intervention promptly. For several years, a universal newborn screening for congenital CMV infection has been suggested by many Authors, inasmuch it would allow us to detect sequelae promptly even in neonates asymptomatic at birth born to women with non-primary infection in pregnancy. A real-time PCR assay of saliva specimens seems to offer the best characteristics for use in screening. Large-scale studies to evaluate the cost/benefit ratio of a universal newborn screening for congenital CMV infection are needed to further reduce the burden of congenital CMV infection

Presepsin (Soluble CD14 Subtype): Reference Ranges of a New Sepsis Marker in Term and Preterm Neonates.

OBJECTIVE:Presepsin (soluble CD14 subtype) has been shown to be beneficial as a sepsis marker in adults. Nevertheless, very few data are available in neonates. The aim of the present study was to determine reference ranges of presepsin in term and preterm neonates. METHODS:Healthy term neonates and preterm neonates without clinical signs of infection admitted to the Neonatal Unit were consecutively enrolled. Presepsin concentrations in whole blood were measured using a point-of-care assay system located in the Unit. Demographic data, antenatal and perinatal variables commonly affecting C-reactive protein and procalcitonin values were considered. RESULTS:Of the 684 neonates enrolled in the study, 484 (70.8%) were born at term and 200 (29.2%) were preterm (24-36 weeks' gestation). In term infants, presepsin median value was 603.5 pg/mL (interquartile range: 466.5-791 pg/mL; 5th and 95th centiles: 315 and 1178 pg/mL respectively). In preterm infants, presepsin median value was slightly higher, equal to 620 pg/mL (interquartile range: 503-864 pg/mL; 5th and 95th centiles: 352 and 1370 pg/mL respectively). The reference ranges of presepsin we determined were much higher than those seen in healthy adults. No correlation between presepsin levels and postnatal age was observed, as well as no significant difference was demonstrated in preterm neonates at different gestational ages. None of the variables analyzed affected presepsin levels at a clinical significant extent. CONCLUSION:For the first time, this study provides reference ranges of presepsin in term and preterm neonates. Having reliable reference values is crucial for obtaining an adequate diagnostic accuracy. Based on our results, most variables commonly affecting C-reactive protein and procalcitonin values do not affect presepsin levels, which suggests that presepsin could be an effective sepsis marker. Further investigations in large groups of neonates with sepsis are needed to determine the diagnostic and prognostic value of this biomarker