Winners and losers from a commodities-for-manufactures trade boom

A recent boom in commodities-for-manufactures trade between China and other developing countries has led to much concern about the losers from rising import competition in manufacturing, but little attention on the winners from growing Chinese demand for commodities. Using census data for Brazil, we find that local labour markets more affected by Chinese import competition experienced slower growth in manufacturing wages and in-migration rates between 2000 and 2010, and greater rises in local wage inequality. However, in locations benefiting from rising Chinese demand, we observe higher wage growth, lower takeup of cash transfers and positive effects on job quality

Avaliação da aptidão física em crianças do 1.º ciclo do ensino básico

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o nível de aptidão física de criança do 1º CEB. A amostra foi constituída por 179 crianças (7,84 ± 0,91 anos), dos 06 aos 09 anos de idade (95 rapazes e 84 raparigas). Os dados obtidos resultaram da aplicação da bateria de testes ALPHA-Fitness em dois anos letivos sucessivos. A análise dos dados foi realizada usando estatística descritiva de tendência central e dispersão. Os resultados permitem concluir que os rapazes obtiveram melhores resultados que as raparigas nos testes de avaliação da aptidão física, exceto no teste de avaliação da flexibilidade, nos dois anos letivos sucessivos de recolha de dados

Risco de Recidiva a 5 Anos Após Excisão Convencional de um Carcinoma Basocelular

Introduction: Basal cell carcinomas are mostly treated surgically, mostly by surgery with postoperative histopathologic margin evaluation (“conventional surgery”), but large long-term data regarding recurrence by completeness of excisions is limited. Methods: Retrospective cohort study of basal cell carcinomas treated by conventional surgery at different medical specialties in a large tertiary centre, between 2008 and 2014. Survival analysis with a Cox proportional-hazards was performed, stratified by completeness of excision (complete excision/incomplete excision) and adjusted to several potentially confounding covariates. Results: A total of 2876 basal cell carcinomas were identified, of which 2306 (2100 primary, 206 recurrent) were considered eligible for analysis. During the 5-years of follow-up, there were 80 (4%) recurrences among 1980 complete excisions (16/1000 cases-year) and 83 (23.9%) recurrences among 348 incomplete excisions (100/1000 cases-year). Survival analysis was performed with multivariable adjustment. In the final adjusted model, we identified an association between relapse and re-intervention on recurrent tumors [adjusted Hazard Ratio (HR) 2.20 (95% Confidence interval (IC), 1.26-3.84), p=0.006], a wrong preoperative clinical diagnosis/surgery devoid of preoperative biopsy [adjusted HR 2.75 (95% CI, 1.68-4.5), p<0.001], treatment prior to 2012 [adjusted HR 1.47 (95% IC, 1.06-2.05), p<0.021] and surgery on a high-risk location, accordingly to the NCCN stratification [adjusted HR 2.18 (95% CI, 1.08-4.40), p<0.030]. By specific anatomic location, the likelihood of recurrence was especially high in the nose [adjusted HR 3.18 (95% CI 1.71-5.87), p<0.001] and eyelids [adjusted HR 3.08 (95% CI, 1.32-7.17), p=0.009]. There was also a trend towards higher recurrence in aggressive histological subtypes [adjusted HR 1.43 (95% CI 0.99-2.07), p<0.058]. Conclusion: Recurrent basal cell carcinomas, regardless of location, and primary basal cell carcinomas on high-risk locations of the face, especially on the eyelids and nose, should be considered to have a higher and independent likelihood of recurrence, even on “complete excisions” evaluated by histopathology. On the other hand, wait-andsee approaches in incompletely excised BCCs should be considered against a significant 5-year risk of relapse (1 in 10 lesions).Introdução: O tratamento dos carcinomas basocelulares é maioritariamente cirúrgico, sobretudo por cirurgia com avaliação histopatológica pós-operatória da margem (cirurgia convencional), mas os dados a longo-prazo relativos a recidiva de acordo com o resultado histológico da margem (excisão completa versus excisão incompleta, mantida em follow-up) são limitados. Métodos: Estudo coorte retrospetivo dos carcinomas basocelulares tratados por cirurgia convencional e por diferentes especialidades médico-cirúrgicas num centro terciário, entre 2008 e 2014. Realizou-se uma análise multivariada com uma regressão de Cox, estratificada pelo resultado da avaliação histológica da margem (excisão completa/incompleta) e ajustada a várias variáveis recolhidas. Resultados: Um total de 2876 carcinomas basocelulares foram identificados, dos quais 2306 [2100 primários, 206 recidivantes (primeira recidiva)] foram considerados elegíveis para análise. Nos 5 anos de follow-up, verificaram-se 80 (4%) recidivas entre os 1959 tumores completamente excisados (16/1000 casos-ano), contrastando com 83 (23,9%) recidivas em 347 excisões incompletas (100/1000 casos-ano). Foi realizada uma análise de sobrevida ajustada. No modelo final, ajustado, multivariado, foi identificada associação entre recidiva e intervenção cirúrgica a tumores recorrentes [hazard ratio (HR) ajustado 2,20 (Intervalo confiança (IC) 95%, 1,26-3,84), p=0,006], cirurgia com diagnóstico pré-operatório errado/ausência de realização de biópsia prévia [HR ajustado 2,75 (IC 95%, 1,68-4,5), p<0,001], tratamento prévio a 2012 [HR ajustado 1,47 (CI 95%, 1,06- 2,05), p<0,021] e cirurgia em localização de alto-risco, de acordo com a classificação NCCN [HR ajustado 2,18 (IC 95%, 1,08- 4,40), p<0,030]. Por localização anatómica específica, a probabilidade de recidiva a longo-prazo é especialmente elevada se a cirurgia for na pirâmide nasal [HR ajustado 3,18 (IC 95%, 1,71-5,87), p<0,001] ou nas pálpebras [HR ajustado 3,08 (CI 95%, 1,32-7,17), p=0,009]. Verificou-se também uma tendência para maior recidiva nos subtipos histológicos agressivos [HR ajustado 1,43 (IC 95%, 0,99-2,07), p<0,058]. Conclusão: Os carcinomas basocelulares recorrentes, independentemente da localização, e os carcinomas basocelulares primários em localizações de alto-risco da face, particularmente na pirâmide nasal e nas pálpebras, determinam um risco de recidiva superior e independente a longo-prazo, mesmo nas excisões “completas”. Por outro lado, as estratégias wait-and-see nos carcinomas basocelulares incompletamente excisados devem ponderar o risco de recidiva aos 5 anos (1 in 10 lesões)

Enhancement of the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of porphyran through chemical modification with tyrosine derivatives

The chemical modification of porphyran hydrocolloid is attempted, with the objective of enhancing its antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Sulfated galactan porphyran is obtained from commercial samples of the red algae Porphyra dioica using Soxhlet extraction with water at 100ºC and precipitation with isopropyl alcohol. The extracted porphyran is then treated with modified L-tyrosines in aqueous medium in the presence of NaOH, at ca. 70ºC. The modified tyrosines L1 and L2 are prepared through a Mannich reaction with either thymol or 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, respectively. While the reaction with 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol yields the expected tyrosine derivative, a mixture of products is obtained with thymol. The resulting polysaccharides are structurally characterized and the respective antioxidant and antimicrobial activities are determined. Porphyran treated with the N-(2-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butyl-benzyl)-L-tyrosine derivative, POR-L2, presents a noticeable superior radical scavenging and antioxidant activity compared to native porphyran, POR. Furthermore, it exhibited some antimicrobial activity against S. aureus. The surface morphology of films prepared by casting with native and modified porphyrans is studied by SEM/EDS. Both POR and POR-L2 present potential applicability in the production of films and washable coatings for food packaging with improved protecting characteristics.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Predicting Incomplete Basal Cell Carcinoma Excisions - a Large Multidisciplinary Retrospective Analysis in a Tertiary Center

Introduction: Surgical treatment of basal cell carcinomas is often performed by physicians with different surgical backgrounds. Collecting data from different surgical departments would better reflect their real-life surgical management.Objectives: To identify the rate, recurrence risk, and predictive factors accordingly to their relative contribution for an incomplete basal cell carcinoma excision in a large multidisciplinary real-life settingMethods: Retrospective cohort study of 2305 surgically treated lesions in different departments of a tertiary center.Results: There was a rate of incomplete excisions (15%) and a recurrence rate (35.5% vs. 6.8% in incomplete vs. complete excisions (p < .001)). A third of incompletely excised basal cell carcinoma (BCC) will recur over time. Stratified by relevancy, high-risk histological subtypes (micronodular (OR 5.10 - p < .001) and morpheaform (OR 5.42 - p < .001), smaller specimen sizes ( <0.5 cm or 0.5-1 cm, OR 3.99 and 2.49, respectively, p < .001) high-risk locations (OR 3.06 on the nose, OR 2.77 on the eyelids, p < .001), and recurrent BCCs (OR 1.72, p < .001). are the best predictors of an incomplete excision.Conclusions: Acknowledging the rate, recurrence risk and predictive factors for incomplete excisions may be beneficial for optimal preoperative planning and to prevent unwarranted re-interventions, morbidity, and healthcare costs.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Aqueous humor erythropoietin levels in open-angle glaucoma patients with and without TTR V30M familial amyloid polyneuropathy

Purpose: Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness in familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy (FAP) patients. Erythropoietin (EPO) is a cytokine that has been shown to play a role in neuroprotection and is endogenously produced in the eye. EPO levels in the aqueous humor are increased in eyes with glaucoma. In this study, we evaluated the EPO concentration in the aqueous humor of FAP and non-FAP patients, with and without glaucoma. Methods: Undiluted aqueous humor samples were obtained from 42 eyes that underwent glaucoma surgery, phacoemulsification, or vitrectomy. EPO concentration in the aqueous humor and blood were measured using the Immulite 2000 Xpi using an automatic analyzer (Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics). Results: The mean EPO concentration in the aqueous humor of non-FAP glaucoma eyes group 2 (75.73±13.25 mU/ml) was significantly higher than non-FAP cataract eyes (17.22±5.33 mU/ml; p<0.001), FAP glaucoma eyes (18.82±10.16 mU/ml; p<0.001), and FAP nonglaucoma eyes (20.62±6.22 mU/ml; p<0.001). There was no statistically significant difference between FAP nonglaucoma eyes versus non-FAP cataract eyes (p = 0.23) and FAP glaucoma eyes versus FAP nonglaucoma eyes (p = 0.29). In the glaucoma groups, there was no correlation between the aqueous humor EPO concentration and the ocular pressure (p = 0.95) and mean deviation (p = 0.41). There was no correlation between the EPO serum concentration and EPO aqueous humor concentration in our patients (p = 0.77). Conclusions: Unlike other glaucomatous patients, FAP patients with glaucoma do not show increased and potentially neuroprotective endocular EPO production in the aqueous humor and may need more aggressive glaucoma management

O cadastro territorial multifinalitário como ferramenta no planejamento urbano / The multifinalitary territorial registry as a tool for urban planning

O presente estudo buscou desenvolver sobre a importância do Cadastro Territorial Multifinalitário (CTM) na gestão e planejamento urbano.  Haja vista que grande parte dos municípios brasileiros, principalmente pequenos e médios, tem compartilhado uma realidade comum, a falta de uma base cadastral integrada, informatizada e atualizada, que permita aos gestores públicos o acesso a informação de maneira rápida e simples, auxiliando assim a obtenção de dados, que por sua vez, capacitam o reconhecimento e o levantamento do território, ofertando o embasamento necessário para concepção de políticas públicas com intuito de planejamento urbano. Foi, no entanto, por meio da Lei 4.504 que dispõe sobre o Estatuto da Terra, que se obteve grande ênfase ao cadastro, o qual adequava as propriedades rurais, sendo, dessa forma, um momento crucial para a importância de um cadastro que viesse ao encontro do controle e organização por parte do governo. Nesse sentido a metodologia adotada visa comprovar o papel de destaque que assumem as ferramentas tecnológicas, principalmente o Sistema de Informações Geográfico – SIG, como instrumentos que auxiliam os gestores públicos a analisar, planejar e aplicar recursos de forma eficiente em prol da melhoria da qualidade de vida da população local por meio do Cadastro Multifinalitário. Portanto utilizou-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica com método descritivo de natureza qualitativa descritiva que tem no CTM o ponto base para análise e desenvolvimento do mesmo.

O cadastro territorial multifinalitário como ferramenta no planejamento urbano / The multifinalitary territorial registry as a tool for urban planning

O presente estudo buscou desenvolver sobre a importância do Cadastro Territorial Multifinalitário (CTM) na gestão e planejamento urbano.  Haja vista que grande parte dos municípios brasileiros, principalmente pequenos e médios, tem compartilhado uma realidade comum, a falta de uma base cadastral integrada, informatizada e atualizada, que permita aos gestores públicos o acesso a informação de maneira rápida e simples, auxiliando assim a obtenção de dados, que por sua vez, capacitam o reconhecimento e o levantamento do território, ofertando o embasamento necessário para concepção de políticas públicas com intuito de planejamento urbano. Foi, no entanto, por meio da Lei 4.504 que dispõe sobre o Estatuto da Terra, que se obteve grande ênfase ao cadastro, o qual adequava as propriedades rurais, sendo, dessa forma, um momento crucial para a importância de um cadastro que viesse ao encontro do controle e organização por parte do governo. Nesse sentido a metodologia adotada visa comprovar o papel de destaque que assumem as ferramentas tecnológicas, principalmente o Sistema de Informações Geográfico – SIG, como instrumentos que auxiliam os gestores públicos a analisar, planejar e aplicar recursos de forma eficiente em prol da melhoria da qualidade de vida da população local por meio do Cadastro Multifinalitário. Portanto utilizou-se uma pesquisa bibliográfica com método descritivo de natureza qualitativa descritiva que tem no CTM o ponto base para análise e desenvolvimento do mesmo.

Thermal treatment of açaí (Euterpe oleracea) fiber for composite reinforcement

This work investigated the effect of thermal treatment in an autoclave on the chemical, physical, and morphological properties of lignocellulosic fibers from açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart), and the behavior of this treated fiber in polypropylene (PP) matrix composites with polypropylene-graft-maleic anhydride (PPgMA) as the coupling agent. The treated and untreated fibers were characterized by chemical composition, x-ray diffraction, FTIR spectroscopy, and thermogravimetry, scanning electron microscopy and tensile tests were carried out for the composites. The results showed that the thermal treatment modified the hemicellulose and lignin content and increased the fiber surface roughness, without compromising the thermal stability. The composite prepared with thermally treated fibers and PPgMA exhibited an increase in tensile strength but a reduction in tensile modulus. In conclusion, the thermal treatment of vegetable fiber is a promising technique for improving the performance of composites

Development of a bio-based adhesive from Protium heptaphyllum resin

In this work, a bio-based adhesive is prepared from Protium heptaphyllum resin. The resin is first characterized by 1 H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and the bioadhesive is then prepared using a simple mixture of the resin with linseed oil, catalyzed by cobalt octanoate, to induce crosslinking. The precursors and bioadhesive obtained are characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The NMR analysis shows the presence of groups of triterpenes, such as α- and β-amyrins, and diols, such as brein and maniladiol. Thermogravimetric analysis reveals that the resin has less thermal stability than the bioadhesive. Mechanical tests indicate that the bioadhesive has greater adhesion strength compared to the commercial adhesive, reaching an average stress at break of 7.66 and 0.113 MPa for the wood and carbon steel substrates, respectively. In conclusion, the bioadhesive can be used for the production of composites