Self-desiccation and its importance in concrete technology : proceedings of the third international research seminar in Lund, June 14-15, 2002

Mechanisms by which self-desiccation occurs, and by which self-desiccation affects different concrete properties, have been explored by researchers contributing their results to this research seminar. By understanding the mechanisms one may also find ways of reducing the negative effects of self-desiccation. Attempts in this direction are presented at the seminar. 18 papers (6 Nordic)

Government Value Paradigms—Bureaucracy, New Public Management, and E-Government

There are different interpretations of which core values e-government build on and promote. Some scholars see e-government as a direct follower to New Public Management (NPM), and as such supporting and promoting values and principles from the business sector. Others see e-government as a promoter of bureaucratic values supporting and promoting the values of traditional weberian ideal bureaucracy. The main issue in this paper is management strategy for public administration. Three examples of such management strategies are examined and compared: traditional bureaucracy, New Public Management and e-government. When investigating these strategies it is necessary to distinguish between strategy as idea and strategy in action. Core values of the management strategies are reconstructed and used as a lens through which a case study of e-government is analyzed. The implemented e-government-solution comprise values from both NPM and bureaucracy. Neither bureaucracy nor NPM alone supply the core values for e-government as a practical management strategy. The paper concludes with a dialectical structure where Bureaucracy is the thesis, NPM the anti-thesis and e-government the practical synthesis

Self-desiccation and its importance in concrete technology : Proceedings of the second international research seminar in Lund, June 18, 1999.

Papers: - Early age chemical shrinkage and autogenous deformation of cement pastes. - Shrinkage of high-strength concrete at different ambient humidities. - A computer program to calculate drying of and desiccation in concrete. - Aspects of monitoring moisture changes using electrical impedance spectroscopy. - A Nordtest method for verification of self-desiccation in concrete. - Early age autogenous restrained shrinkage: Stress build up and relaxation. - Chemical shrinkage of cementitious pastes with mineral additives. - Influence of mix design on self-desiccation in concrete. - Linear vs volumetric autogenous shrinkage measurement: Material behaviour or experimental artefact? - Effects of cement PSD on porosity percolation and self-desiccation. - Evaluation of under-pressure in the pore water of sealed high performance concrete, HPC. - A model of self-desiccation in concrete. - Experimental studies on reduction of autogenous shrinkage and its induced stress in high-strength concrete

Изучение факторов венозного возврата на основе физико-математической модели венозной гемодинамики нижних конечностей в норме

КРОВОТОКА СКОРОСТЬГЕМОДИНАМИКИ ФЕНОМЕНЫКОНЕЧНОСТЬ НИЖНЯЯВЕНЫКОМПЬЮТЕРНОЕ МОДЕЛИРОВАНИ

Quantify and account for field reference errors in forest remote sensing studies

Field inventoried data are often used as references (ground truth) in forest remote sensing studies. However, the reference values are affected by various kinds of errors, which tend to make the reported accuracies of the remote sensing-based predictions worse than they are. The more accurate the remote sensing techniques are becoming, the more pronounced this problem will be. This paper addresses the impact of uncertainties in field reference data due to measurement errors, model errors, and position errors when evaluating the accuracy of biomass predictions from airborne laser scanning at plot level. We present novel theoretical analysis methods that take the interactions of the error sources into account. Further, an error characterization model (ECM) is used to describe the error structure of the remote sensing-based predictions, and we show how the parameters of the ECM can be adjusted when field references contain errors. We also show how root mean square error (RMSE) estimates can be adjusted. Based on data from Scandinavian forests, we conclude that the field reference errors have an impact on the remote sensing-based predictions. By accounting for these errors the RMSE of the remote sensing-based predictions was reduced by 6-18%. The most influential sources of error in the field references were found to be the residual errors of the allometric biomass model and the field plot position errors. Together, these two sources accounted for 97% of the variance while measurement errors and biomass model parameter uncertainties were negligible in our study

Logistics service providers and value creation through collaboration: a case study

This is the accepted and refereed manuscript to the articleLogistics service provider (LSP) strategy and value creation is a cooperative endeavor. The study focuses on how LSPs create value by taking advantage of being connected and exploring the presence of various forms of interdependence. Using a single case study and a framework addressing network externalities and the concept of value logic interaction, we identify three types of collaborative value creation; distributive, functional and systemic. Whereas the fundamental logic of the LSP is mediation in terms of performing a distributive service, it is also subject to externalities in its functional and systemic value creation initiatives. LSPs are thereby portrayed as strategic entities dealing with a set of interdependencies in order to facilitate value creation in their networks. These firms need a rather advanced understanding of different types of economies and forms of collaboration to succeed. The study also associates different types of LSPs with the identified types of collaborative value creation.1. Forfatterversjo

Xenotransplantation public perceptions: rather cells than organs.

The aim of this study was to describe some of the factors that might play a role in influencing attitude to xenotransplantation: first, the consideration of receiving cells and tissue from xenotransplants in relation to whole xeno-organs; secondly, the fact that there is greater uncertainty regarding the result and risk of infection associated with xenotransplantation than with allotransplantation. We also describe the attitude to research on xenotransplantation, and the relationship between the attitude to receiving a xenotransplant and an allotransplant. Finally, we describe the attitude to xenotransplantation in relation to treatment for renal failure and waiting-time for allotransplantation. A questionnaire was sent to randomly selected members of the public aged 18 to 75 (n=1000) and to all patients in the same age range who were waiting for kidney transplants in Sweden in the spring of 1998 (n=460). The response rate was 60% among the public and 87% among the patients. Both study groups were positive to a greater extent in their attitude to receiving cells and tissue than to receiving a whole organ such as a kidney. The response `rather positive' to receiving organs was generally favored by the public, whereas the most generally favored response to receiving cells and tissue was `very positive'. When there was suggested to be a greater uncertainty regarding the outcome with xenotransplantation compared with allotransplantation, the number of negative and uncertain respondents increased, both among the public and the patients. Eighty percent of the public and about 90% of the patients were in favor of continued research on xenotransplantation. Of those members of the public who responded, the attitude to receiving an organ from a human was positive in 86% of cases, with an emphasis on `very positive'. There was a moderate relation between the attitude to receiving an organ from a human and to receiving a xenotransplant. Among the patients, there was no systematic or strong relation between the attitude to xenotransplantation and the kind of dialysis treatment they were on. Neither was there any systematic or strong relation to the waiting-time. The overall impression is that the attitude to xenotransplantation seems to be most influenced by whether the xenotransplant would involve whole organs or cells and uncertainty regarding the outcome

A structural study of D-mannitolatodimolybdate(VI) complexes in aqueous solution

The structure of the D-mannitolatodimolybdate(VI) complex has been determined by means of large angle X-ray scattering (LAXS) in aqueous solution at two pH values, 2.0 and 5.5. The two complexes have in principle the same structure in aqueous solution, two face-sharing molybdate(VI) octahedra connected to one D-mannitol ligand, as previously observed in the solid state. In the deprotonated form of the complex, pH 5.5, the D-mannitol ligand has lost a proton and as a result the MoMo distance is 0.054 Å shorter than the protonated form, pH 2.0. This indicates that it is a proton on an oxygen shared by molybdate groups that leaves the complex at deprotonation and forces the molydate(VI) octahedra even closer to each other