The Benefish consortium reports on the influence of system water refreshment rates on realized feed load, weight development, fish physiology and behaviour in turbot

Farmers with recirculation aquaculture systems (RAS) have a greater necessity and capacity to control the culture conditions of their farms than farmers with other aquaculture systems. Water quality is one of the factors that is closely monitored and managed in order to maintain the optimal levels of oxygen, ammonia, temperature, pH, and CO2. Effects of these parameters on growth and health are well studied and almost immediately noticeable. In RAS it often occurs that, although water quality conditions seem to be optimal, the feed intake of the fish might suddenly diminishes, thus reflecting a situation of sub optimal welfare of the animals. This phenomenon is particular relevant in marine RAS where these situations of reduced feed intake occur even though the normally monitored water quality parameters and husbandry conditions appear to be optimal. Similar phenomena also occur in other aquaculture culture systems, such as flow through systems, where feed intake fluctuates whilst the reasons are not always known, although there is typically less control and monitoring compared with RAS. It is therefore necessary to actively monitor deviation of expected feed intake, in combination with the monitoring of culture conditions and farm management on pilot-scale level. Only through this intermediate level experimental work and farm observations for the assumed relationship between deviation of expected feed intake and fish welfare can be validated. It is furthermore necessary to provide refinements to causative relationships expected to be found on commercial farms, where it is often claimed that e.g. lower system water refreshment rates or more closed RAS are leading to growth retardation and lower feed intake in fish and thus lower production. The present study is, therefore, intending to prove the hypothesis that changes in feed intake can be associated with changed fish welfare status, using turbot as model species. It is furthermore hypothesized that this changed fish welfare status is caused by different system water refreshment rates and fish and system management. As a final result, feed intake should relate by same efficiency to lower fish growth in closed RAS compared to flow through systems. The objectives are therefore to validate the relationships between deviation from expected feed intake and fish welfare, and their causative factors on the commercial farms interpreting data on feed intake, behavior, endocrinology and immune patterns as welfare indicators

Propionibacterium acnes: first finding in animal pathology

Les auteurs ont isolé Propionibacterium acnes dans une hémoculture prati quée sur un chien atteint de cystite chronique. Ce germe n'avait pas été jusqu'ici signalé en pathologie animale mais seulement dans des affections suppuratives humaines. S'agissant d'un hôte permanent de la peau et des cavités naturelles, les modalités de la pathogénie du germe sont évoquées. Elles montrent l'intérêt de l'hygiène corporelle en général et l'importance particulière de la désinfection en médecine vétérinaire, lors de toute effraction cutanée.The authors have isolated Propionibacterium acnes from a blood culture of a dog with chronic cystitis. This germ has never been previously isolated in animal pathology but only in human suppuratives diseases. The pathogenic effects of the germ, normal host of the skin and of the natural cavities, are reported. Consequently, in veterinary medecine, the impor tance of hygienein general and desinfection in particular have a great value when skin wounds occur

Demonstration of antivirus activity in some Brucella extracts

Différentes propriétés antivirales d’extraits de Brucella (obtenus par désin tégration par les ultra sons, centrifugés ou non, traités ou non par la DNase) ont été recherchées dans cinq modèles d’infections virales expérimentales. Les résultats obtenus montrent une activité importante des lysats totaux de Brucella vis-à-vis des cinq virases étudiées. L’activité du surnageant obtenu après centrifugation de ces lysats s’est révélée comparable, alors qu’une prépa ration de parois purifiées montrait une activité moindre. Ces différents résultats sont ensuite discutés.Different antiviral properties of ultrasonicated, centrifuged or not, treated or not by the DNase Brucella extracts have been observed in 5 experimental viral infections. The results reported indicate that there is an important activity of the Brucella lysates towards the 5 virus diseases studied. The activity of the super natant obteined after centrifugation of these lysates has proved to be compa rable whereas a preparation of purified cell wall showed a less significant activity. These different results are then discussed

ASSEM: array of sensors for long term seabed monitoring of geohazards

International audienc

Darc (duffy) And Bcam (lutheran) Reduced Expression In Thyroid Cancer

Duffy or DARC (Duffy Antigen Receptor for Chemokines) is a glycosylated membrane protein that selectively binds angiogenic chemokines. Previous in vivo and in vitro studies of DARC function in cancer have associated DARC over expression with better prognosis, decreased metastatic potential, and inhibition of tumor-associated neovascularization. Another carcinogenesis-associated antigen is Lutheran or BCAM (basal cell adhesion molecule), a surface glycoprotein that acts as a receptor for the extracellular matrix protein, laminin. BCAM is a protein related to tumor progression; and, its over expression is associated with skin, ovarian and pancreatic cancers. We explored DARC and BCAM functions and investigated whether or not their expressions were altered in thyroid cancer. The expression of DARC and BCAM were evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) in a set of 18 normal thyroid tissues (NT), 15 follicular adenomas (FTA), 17 follicular carcinomas (FTC), and 122 papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTC), including 78 classical (CVPTC) and 44 follicular variant (FVPTC). RNA was isolated, reverse transcribed to cDNA, and used in qPCR reactions containing SYBR Green. The relative expression value was calculated using ribosomal protein S8 as an internal control. When we compared benign (NT and FTA) versus malignant samples (FTC, CVPTC and FVPTC) we observed a significant decrease of DARC and BCAM relative expression in malignant cases. Additionally, we correlated clinic-pathological features (tumor size, presence of metastasis, presence of lymphocyte infiltrate) with DARC and BCAM expression. We found a diminished expression of DARC in PTC samples, which was correlated with tumor size and presence of a lymphocyte infiltrate. We, also, found a correlation between decreased BCAM expression and tumor size or presence of metastasis. DARC and BCAM expression was associated with pathogenesis of thyroid carcinoma and correlated with clinical-pathological features. © 2012 Elsevier Inc.503161165Daniels, G., Functions of red cell surface proteins (2007) Vox Sang., 93, pp. 331-340Cartron, J.P., Colin, Y., Structural and functional diversity of blood group antigens (2001) Transfus. Clin. Biol., 8, pp. 163-199Rojewski, M.T., Schrezenmeier, H., Flegel, W.A., Tissue distribution of blood group membrane proteins beyond red cells: evidence from cDNA libraries (2006) Transfus. Apher. Sci., 35, pp. 71-82Garratty, G., Blood group antigens as tumor markers, parasitic/bacterial/viral receptors, and their association with immunologically important proteins (1995) Immunol. Invest., 24, pp. 213-232Mantovani, A., Bonecchi, R., Locati, M., Tuning inflammation and immunity by chemokine sequestration: decoys and more (2006) Nat. Rev. Immunol., 6, pp. 907-918Zeng, X.H., Ou, Z.L., Yu, K.D., Coexpression of atypical chemokine binders (ACBs) in breast cancer predicts better outcomes (2011) Breast Cancer Res. Treat., 125, pp. 715-727Wang, J., Ou, Z.L., Hou, Y.F., Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines attenuates breast cancer growth and metastasis: an experiment with nude mice (2005) Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi, 85, pp. 2033-2037Wang, J., Ou, Z.L., Hou, Y.F., Enhanced expression of Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines by breast cancer cells attenuates growth and metastasis potential (2006) Oncogene, 25, pp. 7201-7211Addison, C.L., Belperio, J.A., Burdick, M.D., Strieter, R.M., Overexpression of the Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines (DARC) by NSCLC tumor cells results in increased tumor necrosis (2004) BMC Cancer, 4, p. 28Sun, G., Wang, Y., Zhu, Y., Huang, C., Ji, Q., Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma as a negative regulator (2011) Acta Otolaryngol., 131, pp. 197-203Collec, E., Lecomte, M.C., El Nemer, W., Colin, Y., Le Van Kim, C., Novel role for the Lu/BCAM-spectrin interaction in actin cytoskeleton reorganization (2011) Biochem. J., 436, pp. 699-708Kroviarski, Y., El Nemer, W., Gane, P., Direct interaction between the Lu/B-CAM adhesion glycoproteins and erythroid spectrin (2004) Br. J. Haematol., 126, pp. 255-264Bernemann, T.M., Podda, M., Wolter, M., Boehncke, W.H., Expression of the basal cell adhesion molecule (B-CAM) in normal and diseased human skin (2000) J. Cutan. Pathol., 27, pp. 108-111Drewniok, C., Wienrich, B.G., Schon, M., Molecular interactions of B-CAM (basal-cell adhesion molecule) and laminin in epithelial skin cancer (2004) Arch. Dermatol. Res., 296, pp. 59-66Schon, M., Klein, C.E., Hogenkamp, V., Basal-cell adhesion molecule (B-CAM) is induced in epithelial skin tumors and inflammatory epidermis, and is expressed at cell-cell and cell-substrate contact sites (2000) J. Invest. Dermatol., 115, pp. 1047-1053Yu, K.H., Barry, C.G., Austin, D., Stable isotope dilution multidimensional liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for pancreatic cancer serum biomarker discovery (2009) J. Proteome Res., 8, pp. 1565-1576Nikiforov, Y.E., Nikiforova, M.N., Molecular genetics and diagnosis of thyroid cancer (2011) Nat. Rev. Endocrinol., 7, pp. 569-580Latini, F.R., Hemerly, J.P., Oler, G., Riggins, G.J., Cerutti, J.M., Re-expression of ABI3-binding protein suppresses thyroid tumor growth by promoting senescence and inhibiting invasion (2008) Endocr. Relat. Cancer, 15, pp. 787-799Buckhaults, P., Rago, C., St Croix, B., Secreted and cell surface genes expressed in benign and malignant colorectal tumors (2001) Cancer Res., 61, pp. 6996-7001Cerutti, J.M., Delcelo, R., Amadei, M.J., A preoperative diagnostic test that distinguishes benign from malignant thyroid carcinoma based on gene expression (2004) J. Clin. Invest., 113, pp. 1234-1242Schlumberger, M.J., Papillary and follicular thyroid carcinoma (1998) N. Engl. J. Med., 338, pp. 297-306Muzza, M., Degl'Innocenti, D., Colombo, C., The tight relationship between papillary thyroid cancer, autoimmunity and inflammation: clinical and molecular studies (2010) Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxf), 72, pp. 702-708Kondo, T., Ezzat, S., Asa, S.L., Pathogenetic mechanisms in thyroid follicular-cell neoplasia (2006) Nat. Rev. Cancer, 6, pp. 292-306Dawson, T.C., Lentsch, A.B., Wang, Z., Exaggerated response to endotoxin in mice lacking the Duffy antigen/receptor for chemokines (DARC) (2000) Blood, 96, pp. 1681-1684Planaguma, J., Liljestrom, M., Alameda, F., Matrix metalloproteinase-2 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 codistribute with transcription factors RUNX1/AML1 and ETV5/ERM at the invasive front of endometrial and ovarian carcinoma (2011) Hum. Pathol., 42, pp. 57-67Kikkawa, Y., Sudo, R., Kon, J., Laminin alpha 5 mediates ectopic adhesion of hepatocellular carcinoma through integrins and/or Lutheran/basal cell adhesion molecule (2008) Exp. Cell Res., 314, pp. 2579-2590Le Naour, F., Andre, M., Greco, C., Profiling of the tetraspanin web of human colon cancer cells (2006) Mol. Cell. Proteomics, 5, pp. 845-85

EXOCAM : Mars in a box to simulate soil-atmosphere interactions

International audienc

Brucellose en milieu professionnel exposé : Evaluation des tests immunologiques après vaccination

National audienc

Duas abordagens artroscópicas para a articulação escapulo umeral no cão Two arthroscopic approaches for the shoulder joint in dog

O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar em cadáveres de cães a exeqüibilidade do exame das estruturas intra-articulares através de duas diferentes abordagens artroscópicas da articulação escápulo-umeral. As articulações constituíram dois grupos: (A) o portal artroscópico foi estabelecido cranial e o portal instrumental caudal ao processo acromial; (B) o portal artroscópico foi confeccionado caudal e o portal instrumental cranial ao processo acromial. Durante o exame, procurou-se avaliar a possibilidade de visibilização concomitante com o toque através de sonda nas estruturas intra-articulares: cartilagem da cabeça do úmero (cranial, media e caudal), cavidade glenóide, tendão do músculo bíceps braquial, tendão do músculo subescapular, ligamento glenoumeral medial e lateral e bolsa articular caudal. As estruturas localizadas na porção cranial e média da articulação foram mais bem examinadas pela abordagem artroscópica realizada no grupo B, enquanto que aquelas estruturas situadas na porção média e caudal da articulação foram mais bem acessadas pela técnica utilizada no grupo A. Em nenhuma das abordagens, o ligamento glenoumeral lateral foi satisfatoriamente examinado.<br>This research was aimed at studing in dog corpses the feasibility of the exam of the intrarticular structures by using two different arthroscopic shoulder approaches. The joints were assembled in two groups: (A) the arthroscopic portal was established cranially and the instrumental portal caudally to the acromial process; (B) the arthroscopic portal was established caudally and the instrumental portal cranially to the acromial process. At the time of the exam the possibility of arthroscopic visualization concurrently with the touch with the probe of the intra articular structures was evaluated: humeral head cartilage (cranial, midlle and caudal), glenoid cavity, brachial biceps muscle tendon, subscapularis muscle tendon, medial and lateral glenohumeral ligament and caudal joint pouch. The intra articular structures situated in the cranial and middle side of the joint were better examined by approaching used in B group. On the other hand the structures localized in the caudal and middle portions of the joint were better inspected by approaching used in A group. However the lateral glenohumeral ligament was not completely checked neither using the A group approach nor using the B group approach