Efectividad del uso de materiales didácticos en la enseñanza de expresión oral en la disciplina de Lengua y Literatura, en estudiantes de noveno grado “B”, turno vespertino, del centro escolar 14 de Septiembre, Municipio El Tuma-La Dalia Departamento de Matagalpa, segundo semestre, del año lectivo 2016

La reciente investigación tiene como tema “Materiales didácticos para la enseñanza aprendizaje de Lengua y Literatura, de los estudiantes, de educación secundaria” Conviene distinguir, que los objetivos propuestos en este estudio es analizar el uso de materiales didácticos en la enseñanza de expresión oral en la disciplina de Lengua y Literatura con estudiantes de noveno grado “B”, turno vespertino, centro escolar 14 de Septiembre, Municipio El Tuma- La Dalia Departamento de Matagalpa, segundo semestre, 2016. Hay otro aspecto meritorio a destacar, y es la importancia de la indagación realizada, debido a que permitió valorar el uso de materiales didácticos para fortalecer la expresión oral en el aprendizaje de los dicentes, y proponer materiales didácticos que promuevan la participación y por ende mejore en la macro habilidad de expresión oral. En pocas palabras se puede señalar, que por medio de lo constatado mediante la aplicación de los diferentes instrumentos, el uso de materiales didácticos en las aulas de clases son pocos usuales y cuando se utilizan son repetitivos como: libro de texto, pizarra y diccionario, de igual forma se pudo evidenciar que los educando y facilitadora enriquecen su expresión oral cuando elaboran y presentan materiales de apoyo a las diferentes actividades a ejercita

Sobolev orthogonal polynomials on the conic surface

Orthogonal polynomials with respect to the weight function $w_{\beta,\gamma}(t) = t^\beta (1-t)^\gamma$, $\gamma > -1$, on the conic surface $\{(x,t): \|x\| = t, \, x \in \mathbb{R}^d, \, t \le 1\}$ are studied recently, and they are shown to be eigenfunctions of a second order differential operator $\mathcal{D}_\gamma$ when $\beta =-1$. We extend the setting to the Sobolev inner product, defined as the integration of the $s$-th partial derivatives in $t$ variable with respect to $w_{\beta+s,0}$ over the conic surface plus a sum of integrals over the rim of the cone. Our main results provide an explicit construction of an orthogonal basis and a formula for the orthogonal projection operators; the latter is used to exploit the interaction of differential operators and the projection operator, which allows us to study the convergence of the Fourier orthogonal series. The study can be regarded as an extension of the orthogonal structure to the weight function $w_{\beta, -s}$ for a positive integer $s$. It shows, in particular, that the Sobolev orthogonal polynomials are eigenfunctions of $\mathcal{D}_{\gamma}$ when $\gamma = -1$

Resolution of Ring Tourniquet with a High-speed Dental Drill in a Remote Pacific Island Clinic

Ring tourniquet syndrome is a strangulation injury, usually at the proximal finger or toe, caused by a rigid circular metal object. The resulting ischemia can lead to necrosis, permanent nerve and/or tissue damage, and amputation of the digit. There are numerous non-cutting methods for removing the ring; however, edema, fractures, or arthrosis of the site can occasionally make these techniques difficult or impossible. While ring cutters, manual or electric, are the first choice for resolving ring tourniquet caused by metal jewelry, these tools are not readily available everywhere. Resolution of ring tourniquet with high-speed rotary tools has been previously described as a tertiary method. Here we describe the use of a high-speed dental tool as a primary ring cutting method for the resolution of ring tourniquet in a patient with significant edema in a low-resource setting.Open access journalThis item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at [email protected]

Perseguindo o sonho europeu: a experiência educacional de jovens Africano desacompanhadas de Centro de Recepção, nas Ilhas Canárias, e mais além.

In the last two decades, Spain’s Canary Islands have received thousands of undocumented migrants arriving by boat from the coasts of North and West Africa. The sharp increase of unaccompanied minors has presented a particular challenge, as these minors fall under the State’s protection system and are entitled to an education and other rights, once in Spain. What economic and socio-cultural factors push these youth to seek a better life whilst endangering their own? What educational opportunities are available to them in Spain and how can these propel them into secure living situations? What can be said about their integration prospects?This ethnographic study, based on field research carried out in a reception centre for unaccompanied minors in Tenerife, focuses on the youth’s migration trajectories, and on the extent to which the education and support they receive in Spain relates to their socio-economic integration into European society and beyond. The findings reveal that although the centre provides the youth with a window of opportunity to be in Spain and gain an education, the ambiguousness of their legal situation brought about by immigration policies once they have left the centre, is not conducive to their leading a stable and productive life in the current context.En las dos últimas décadas, las Islas Canarias han recibido miles de inmigrantes indocumentados, que llegan a las costas en botes desde el Norte y el Oeste de África. El aumento de menores extranjeros no acompañados presenta un desafío para el gobierno, pues al tratarse de menores en territorio español, el estado es el responsable de su guarda y tutela, y tiene que facilitarles protección y educación como cualquier otro menor. ¿Qué factores económicos y socioculturales empujan a estos jóvenes a poner en peligro sus vidas?; ¿qué oportunidades educativas tienen ellos en España, y cómo pueden ellos aprovechar esas situaciones para alcanzar un nivel mayor de bienestar?; ¿qué posibilidades de integración tienen en la sociedad española? Este estudio etnográfico, basado en una investigación llevada a cabo en un Centro de Acogida de Menores No Acompañados de Tenerife, se centra en las trayectorias migratorias de estos jóvenes, y en analizar en qué medida la educación y apoyo que reciben en España influye en su posterior integración laboral y social. Los resultados reflejan que, aunque el centro ofrece a los jóvenes bienestar y oportunidades educativas, la ambigüedad de sus situaciones jurídicas al cumplir la mayoría de edad, dependientes de las políticas de migración, no facilita mucho su desarrollo educativo e integración social posterior en el presente contexto.Nas últimas duas décadas, as Ilhas Canárias têm recebido milhares de imigrantes ilegais que chegam à costa em barcos do Norte e África Ocidental. Nascente crianças desacompanhadas apresenta um desafio para o governo, porque quando se trata de menores em território espanhol, o estado é responsável por seus cuidados e custódia, e deve fornecer-lhes proteção e educação como qualquer outra criança. Que fatores econômicos e socioculturais empurrar esses jovens colocam suas vidas em perigo?; Que oportunidades de educação que têm em Espanha, e como eles podem tirar proveito dessas situações para alcançar um maior nível de bem-estar?; Que chance tem integração na sociedade espanhola? Este estudo etnográfico, com base em pesquisa realizada em um Centro de Recepção Tenerife Menores Desacompanhados, concentra-se nas rotas de migração desses jovens, e analisar em que medida a educação e apoio que recebem na Espanha afeta sua subseqüente emprego e integração social. Os resultados mostram que, embora o centro oferece bem-estar da juventude e oportunidades educacionais, a ambigüidade de suas situações jurídicas para atender a idade de políticas de migração dependentes da maioria, não fornece muito mais o seu desenvolvimento educacional e integração social neste contexto

Efecto de Mimosa luisana (Leguminosae) y de las costras biológicas sobre la dinámica del carbono y del nitrógeno en el suelo de un ecosistema semiárido en México

In the semi-arid Valley of Tehuacán-Cuicatlán, Mimosa luisana Brandegee (Leguminosae) creates resource islands (RI); however, its association with biological soil crusts (BSC) has not been studied. Soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) availability and transformation were determined; as well as the influence of M. luisana-RI on the cover and richness of the BSC components, in seven plots, located at the Valley of Zapotitlán Salinas, Puebla. In each plot, the soil under the BSC was collected (0-3 cm), in three microenvironments: i) BSC associated with M. luisana-RI (BSC-RI), ii) BSC outside RI (BSC-ORI), and iii) Open areas (OA), 63 samples of BSC-RI and 63 BSC-ORI, during both dry and rainy seasons. Total, available, microbial and mineralization of C and N were determined, as well as nitrification by standard methods. BSC components were quantified (cover) by the point sampling method and taxonomically identified. Data were subjected to an analysis of variance with repeated measures (RMANOVA, p≤0.05) with one factor between groups (BSC-RI, BSC-ORI and OA), and one factor within groups (two seasons). The results show that labile C, Ntotal, microbial N and C mineralization potential of soil concentrations were significantly higher in BSC-RI, intermediate in BSC-ORI and lower in OA. The highest soil organic carbon (SOC) concentration was reported in BSC-RI and BSC-ORI, coinciding with a high C and microbial N concentrations, as well as a high potential C mineralization, suggesting that C availability increased microbial biomass and activity, thus nutrient availability in the soil of these two microenvironments. For both seasons, mosses cover was significantly higher in BSC-RI (37- 42 %) than in BSC-ORI; in the latter, lichens were the dominant organisms (39-47 %). In contrast, cyanobacteria cover did not vary between BSC-RI and BSC-ORI, neither season. In addition, BSC-RI and BSC-ORI microenvironments showed a higher species dissimilarity composition during the rainy season (95 %) than during the dry season, where similarity was low (42 %). This study demonstrated a positive effect of M luisana-RI and BSC-ORI on the microbial processes that determine C and N soil availability and transformation, being possible to consider BSC-ORI as soil “micro-resource islands” within this ecosystem.En el Valle semiárido de Tehuacán-Cuicatlán, Mimosa luisana Brandegee (Leguminosae) forma islas de recursos (IR); sin embargo, su asociación con costras biológicas (CB) del suelo no se ha estudiado. Se determinó la disponibilidad y transformación del carbono (C) y del nitrógeno (N) del suelo; así como la influencia de M. luisana-IR en la cobertura y riqueza de los constituyentes de las CB, en siete parcelas del Valle de Zapotitlán Salinas, Puebla. Por parcela, se colectó suelo debajo de la CB (0-3 cm), en tres microambientes: i) CB asociadas a M.luisana-IR (CB-IR), ii) CB fuera de IR (CB-FIR) y iii) Áreas abiertas (AA); así como 63 muestras de CB-IR y 63 de CB-FIR, en dos estaciones: secas y lluvias. Se determinaron las formas totales, disponibles y microbianas así como la mineralización de C y de N, y la nitrificación. Se cuantificaron los constituyentes de las CB (cobertura) por el método de punto de muestreo y se identificaron taxonómicamente. Los datos obtenidos se sometieron a un análisis de varianza de medidas repetidas (RMANOVA, p≤0.05) con un factor entre grupos (CB-IR, CB-FIR y AA) y un factor dentro de grupos (dos estaciones). Los resultados muestran que la concentración de C lábil, Ntotal, N microbiano y la mineralización potencial de C del suelo, fueron significativamente mayores en CB-IR, intermedios en CBFIR y menores en AA. La mayor concentración de carbono orgánico del suelo (COS) en CBIR y CB-FIR, coincidió con una mayor concentración de C y de N microbiano, y de la mineralización potencial de C, de la misma manera que el C lábil correlacionó positivamente con el C y N microbiano, lo que sugiere que la disponibilidad de C incrementó la biomasa y actividad microbiana aumentando la disponibilidad de nutrimentos en el suelo de estos dos microambientes. Para ambas estaciones, la cobertura de musgos fue significativamente mayor en CB-IR (37-42 %) que en CB-FIR, en esta última, los líquenes fueron los organismos dominantes (39-47 %). Por el contrario, la cobertura de cianobacterias no varió entre CB-IR y CB-FIR ni entre estaciones. Asimismo, los microambientes CB-IR y CB-FIR presentaron, entre sí, una mayor disimilitud en composición de especies durante la estación de secas (95 %); mientras que en la estación de lluviosa, ésta fue menor (42 %). Este estudio demuestra el efecto positivo de las M. luisana-IR y de CB-FIR en los procesos microbianos que determinan la disponibilidad y transformación del C y del N del suelo, siendo posible considerar a las CB-FIR como “micro-islas de recursos” del suelo de este ecosistema

Espina: A Tool for the Automated Segmentation and Counting of Synapses in Large Stacks of Electron Microscopy Images

The synapses in the cerebral cortex can be classified into two main types, Gray's type I and type II, which correspond to asymmetric (mostly glutamatergic excitatory) and symmetric (inhibitory GABAergic) synapses, respectively. Hence, the quantification and identification of their different types and the proportions in which they are found, is extraordinarily important in terms of brain function. The ideal approach to calculate the number of synapses per unit volume is to analyze 3D samples reconstructed from serial sections. However, obtaining serial sections by transmission electron microscopy is an extremely time consuming and technically demanding task. Using focused ion beam/scanning electron microscope microscopy, we recently showed that virtually all synapses can be accurately identified as asymmetric or symmetric synapses when they are visualized, reconstructed, and quantified from large 3D tissue samples obtained in an automated manner. Nevertheless, the analysis, segmentation, and quantification of synapses is still a labor intensive procedure. Thus, novel solutions are currently necessary to deal with the large volume of data that is being generated by automated 3D electron microscopy. Accordingly, we have developed ESPINA, a software tool that performs the automated segmentation and counting of synapses in a reconstructed 3D volume of the cerebral cortex, and that greatly facilitates and accelerates these processes