A transgenic plant having enhanced drought tolerance

The present invention relates to the field of transgenic plants with novel phenotypes, especially plants with enhanced drought and pathogen resistance. Provided are transgenic crop plants comprising integrated in their genome a chimeric gene, characterized by said chimeric gene comprising a transcription regulatory sequence active in plant cells operably linked to a nucleic acid sequence encoding a protein having the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 3 or a protein at least 70 % identical to SEQ ID NO: 3, or an ortholog protein or a functional fragment thereof. In addition to enhanced drought tolerance the transgenic plants may show enhanced disease resistance and enhanced root structure

Properties improvement of poly(o-methoxyaniline) based supercapacitors : experimental and theoretical behaviour study of self-doping effect

The support of this research by FAPESP (2011/10897-2, 2013/07296-2), CsF-PVE (99999.007708/2015-07), CAPES and CNPq is gratefully acknowledged. We also thank the University of Aberdeen for providing computational time on MaxwellPeer reviewedPostprin

Heterogeneity of glomerular perfusion and filtration induced by epinephrine and norepinephrine

The role of catecholamines in the distribution of intrarenal blood flow and in single-nephron glomerular filtration rate (SNGFR) was evaluated in anesthetized Wistar rats by the Hanssen technique. Epinephrine (EPI) and norepinephrine (NOR) were infused to produce elevations of 20-30 mmHg in mean arterial pressure. Superficial and juxtamedullary nephron perfusion and filtration were determined by the presence of Prussian blue dye. In the control group, 100% of the nephrons presented a homogeneous pattern of perfusion and filtration. In contrast, a heterogeneous distribution of the dye was found even in the larger arteries (arciform and radial), indicating variable perfusion and filtration in both superficial and juxtamedullary nephrons. The effects of EPI and NOR were also evaluated in the superficial cortex by the micropuncture technique in two additional groups of Munich-Wistar rats. Mean SNGFR was 27% and 54% lower in the EPI- and NOR-treated groups, respectively. No change in mean intraglomerular hydraulic pressure was observed after EPI or NOR infusion in spite of a highly scattered pattern, indicating an important variability in perfusion along the superficial cortex, and/or different sensitivity of the pre- and post-glomerular arterioles. The present data suggest that EPI and NOR may affect intrarenal hemodynamics by modifying perfusion and filtration in both superficial and juxtamedullary glomeruli and not by shifting blood flow from superficial to juxtamedullary nephrons. The heterogeneous pattern of perfusion was a consequence of differential vasoconstriction along the intrarenal arteries, probably due to different density and/or sensitivity of the adrenergic receptor subtypes present in the intrarenal vascular tree.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)UNIFESPSciEL

Avaliação do efeito do corte horizontal da copa, com máquina de podar de discos, em pomares de pera “Rocha

Current pear pruning making use of pneumatic shears still is a very labour intensive operation. The Proder project “Avaliação da poda mecânica em pomares de pera” was designed to contribute to solutions that would reduce the present dependence in labour and therefore to promote a reduction in pruning costs. This paper shows the results of a trial made to evaluate the influence of mechanical topping in manual pruning complement field work and pear yield. Topping was performed using a Reynolds 6DT 3.0m cutting bar with six hydraulic-driven circular disc-saws mounted in the three point tractor linkage system. The field trial was performed in a commercial orchard with 20 years, planted in an array of 4m x 2m with tree lines oriented in North-South direction. Trees were trained as the central leader system. In this trial, in a randomised complete block design with four replications, two treatments are being compared leading to 8 plots with one line of 14 trees per plot. The treatments tests were: T1 - manual pruning performed by workers using pneumatic shears, in each year; T2 - Topping the canopy parallel to the ground, using a discs-saw pruning machine mounted in a front loader of an agricultural tractor, followed by manual pruning complement performed by workers with pneumatic shears. Tree height and width was measured, before and after pruning. Work was timed and pear yields evaluated. Mechanical topping seems to be effective in the control of tree height, which can contribute to increase 14% of work rates on manual pruning complement. No significant differences in pear yield were found between treatments

Fibrosarcoma Originating In The Mandible

Fibrosarcoma is a malignant mesenchymal neoplasm of fibroblasts that rarely affects the oral cavity and can cause local recurrences or metastasis. In this article we describe a case of primary fibrosarcoma in the mandible in a 16-year-old girl. Microscopically the tumor showed an intense proliferation of spindle-shaped cells, varying little in size and shape and arranged in parallel bands, partly crossing each other, the mitotic activity was increased and there was nuclear pleomorphism. Immunohistochemically the cells only showed immunoreactivity for vimentin and negativity for S-100 protein, CD 68, cytokeratin cocktail, HMB-45, CD34, pan actin HHF 35, desmin, smooth muscle actin and epithelial membrane antigen (EMA). Based on clinical, radiological, histological and immunohistochemical findings the final diagnosis was high-grade intra-osseous fibrosarcoma. The treatment choice was radical surgery with mandibular reconstruction. After one year and nine months of the treatment the patient displayed multiple metastases. Radiation therapy and chemotherapy were used as adjuvant treatment. Unfortunately, the girl died two years after the initial diagnosis. © Medicina Oral S. L. C.I.F. B 96689336.113191194Lo Muzio, L., Mignogna, M.D., Pannone, G., Staibano, S., Testa, N.F., A rare case of fibrosarcoma of the jaws in a 4-year-old male (1998) Oral Oncol, 34, pp. 383-386Richardson, J.F., Fine, M.A., Goldman, H.M., Fibrosarcoma of the mandible: A clinicopathologic controversy: Report of a case (1972) J Oral Surg, 30, pp. 664-668Mark, R.J., Sercarz, J.A., Tran, L., Selch, M., Calcaterra, T.C., Fibrosarcoma of the Head and Neck. The UCLA experience (1991) Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 117, pp. 396-401McKenna, W.G., Barnes, M.M., Kinsella, T.J., Rosenberg, S.A., Lack, E.E., Glatstein, E., Combined modality treatment of adult soft tissue sarcomas of the head and neck (1987) Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys, 13, pp. 1127-1133Van Blarcom, C.W., Masson, J.K., Dahlin, D.C., Fibrosarcoma of the mandible. A clinicopathologic study (1971) Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol, 32, pp. 428-439Sadoff, R.S., Rubin, M.M., Fibrosarcoma of the mandible: A case report (1990) J Am Dent Assoc, 121, pp. 247-248Handlers, J.P., Abrams, A.M., Melrose, R.J., Milder, J., Fibrosarcoma of the mandible presenting as a periodontal problem (1985) J Oral Pathol, 14, pp. 351-356Pereira, C.M., Jorge Junior, J., Di Hipólito, O., Kowalski, L.P., Lopes, M.A., Primary intraosseous fibrosarcoma of jaw (2005) Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 34, pp. 579-581Antonescu, C.R., Erlandson, R.A., Huvos, A.G., Primary fibrosarcoma and malignant fibrous histiocytoma of bone - A comparitive ultrastructural study: Ecidence of a spectrum of fibroblastic differentiation (2000) Ultrastruct Pathol, 24, pp. 83-91Mosqueda-Taylor, A., Meneses-García, A., Ruíz-Godoyrivera Lm Suárez-Roa, M.I., Luna-Ortiz, K., Malignant odontogenic tumors. A retrospective and collaborative study of seven cases (2003) Med Oral, 8, pp. 110-121Huguet, P., Castellvi, J., Avila, M., Alejo, M., Autonell, F., Basas, C., Ameloblastic fibrosarcoma: Report of a case. Immunohistochemical study and review of the literature (2001) Med Oral, 6, pp. 173-179Yamaguchi, S., Nagasawa, H., Suzuki, T., Fujii, E., Iwaki, H., Takagi, M., Sarcomas of the oral and maxillofacial region: A review of 32 cases in 25 years (2004) Clin Oral Invest, 8, pp. 52-55Lukinmaa, P.L., Hietanen, J., Swan, H., Ylipaavalniemi, P., Perkki, K., Maxillary fibrosarcoma with extracellular immuno-characterization (1988) Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 26, pp. 36-4

NEUTRALIDADE E CIENTIFICISMO NO “PAI-DOS-BURROS”: UMA ANÁLISE DISCURSIVA DE CIÊNCIAS E DICIONÁRIO

O objetivo deste trabalho é, através da análise discursiva dos verbetes “Dicionário” e “Ciência”, compreender as relações intertextuais e interdiscursivas que instauram a ideologia do dicionário, especificamente no que tange à neutralidade e ao cientificismo. Além disso, objetiva-se discutir questões sócio-históricas referentes à expressão “pai-dos-burros”, analisando-se o sujeito que fala e a quem se dirige e culminando na inexorável relação Língua, Ciência e Sociedade, muito recorrente na tradição lexicográfica

ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2-LIKE1gene a member of the AS2/LOB family, controls proximal-distal patterning in Arabidopsis petals

The formation and the development of the floral organs require an intercalate expression of organ-specific genes. At the same time, meristem-specific genes are repressed to complete the differentiation of the organs in the floral whorls. In an Arabidopsis activation tagging population, a mutant affected in inflorescence architecture was identified. This gain-of-function mutant, designateddownwards siliques1 (dsl1-D), has shorter internodes and the lateral organs such as flowers are bending downwards, similar to the loss-of-function brevipedicellus (bp) mutant. The affected gene in dsl1-D appeared to be ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2-LIKE1 (ASL1)/LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIESdomain gene 36 (LBD36), which is a member of the ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 (AS2)/LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES (LOB) domain gene family. Analysis of the loss-of-function mutant asl1/lbd36 did not show morphological aberration. Double mutant analysis of asl1/lbd36 together with as2, the ASL1/LBD36 closest homologue, demonstrates that these two members of the AS2/LOB family act partially redundant to control cell fate determination in Arabidopsis petals. Moreover, molecular analysis revealed that overexpression of ASL1/LBD36 leads to repression of the homeobox gene BP, which supports the model that an antagonistic relationship between ASL/LBD and homeobox members is required for the differentiation of lateral organ

A straightforward multiallelic significance test for the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium law

Much forensic inference based upon DNA evidence is made assuming Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE) for the genetic loci being used. Several statistical tests to detect and measure deviation from HWE have been devised, and their limitations become more obvious when testing for deviation within multiallelic DNA loci. The most popular methods-Chi-square and Likelihood-ratio tests-are based on asymptotic results and cannot guarantee a good performance in the presence of low frequency genotypes. Since the parameter space dimension increases at a quadratic rate on the number of alleles, some authors suggest applying sequential methods, where the multiallelic case is reformulated as a sequence of “biallelic” tests. However, in this approach it is not obvious how to assess the general evidence of the original hypothesis; nor is it clear how to establish the significance level for its acceptance/rejection. In this work, we introduce a straightforward method for the multiallelic HWE test, which overcomes the aforementioned issues of sequential methods. The core theory for the proposed method is given by the Full Bayesian Significance Test (FBST), an intuitive Bayesian approach which does not assign positive probabilities to zero measure sets when testing sharp hypotheses. We compare FBST performance to Chi-square, Likelihood-ratio and Markov chain tests, in three numerical experiments. The results suggest that FBST is a robust and high performance method for the HWE test, even in the presence of several alleles and small sample sizes