Integrating Spanish lexical resources by meta-classifiers for polarity classification

In this paper we focus on unsupervised sentiment analysis in Spanish. The lack of resources for languages other than English, as for example Spanish, adds more complexity to the task. However, we take advantage of some good already existing lexical resources. We have carried out several experiments using different unsupervised approaches in order to compare the different methodologies for solving the problem of the Spanish polarity classification in a corpus of movie reviews. Among all these approaches, perhaps the newest one integrates SentiWordNet with the Multilingual Central Repository to tackle polarity detection directly over the Spanish corpus. However, the results obtained were not as promising as we expected, and so we carried out another group of experiments combining all the methods using meta-classifiers. The results obtained with stacking outperformed the individual experiments and encourage us to continue in this way

Development of negative test cases in Moodle VPL activities

[ES] VPL (Virtual Programming Lab) es un plugin de Moodle que permite automatizar la evaluación del código de un programa  escrito en un determinado lenguaje de programación. Actualmente, VPL solo permite configurar casos de prueba positivos durante la evaluación, es decir, posibilita mostrar un mensaje de error al estudiante cuando la salida del programa difiere de la esperada para cada caso. Esto limita la identificación del tipo de error cometido y su consecuente retroalimentación, ya que podrían existir problemas para los que sea conveniente comprobar si se obtiene una salida específica que no debería darse y que estaría motivada por algún error que se está cometiendo en el programa. Este trabajo presenta una mejora para paliar esta limitación que consiste en incluir casos de prueba negativos en el proceso de evaluación de VPL, de manera que también se pueda mostrar un mensaje de error cuando la salida del programa coincida con la configurada para cada uno de los errores previstos en el problema a resolver. Dicha mejora facilita al docente la identificación de errores previsibles en el código que entrega el estudiante y permite, en cierto modo, orientarle hacia el tipo de error cometido sin que este conozca el caso de prueba que lo provocó.[EN] VPL (Virtual Programming Lab) is a Moodle plugin that automates the code evaluation of a program written in a given  programming language. Currently, VPL only allows the configuration of positive test cases during the evaluation, i.e. it makes it possible to display an error message to the student when the output of the program differs from the expected output for each case. This limits the identification of the type of error committed and its consequent feedback, since there could be problems for which it is necessary to check if a specific output is obtained that should not be given and that would be motivated by some logical error that is not being controlled in the program. This work presents an improvement to alleviate this limitation, which consists of including negative test cases in the VPL evaluation process, so that an error message can also be displayed when the output of the program matches the one configured for each of the errors expected in the problem to be solved. This  improvement makes it easier for the teacher to identify potential errors in the code delivered by the student and allows, in  some way, to guide the student towards the type of error committed without the student knowing the test case that caused it.Carmona Del Barco, P.; Fernández Muñoz, JÁ.; Perea Ortega, JM. (2023). Implementación de casos de prueba negativos en actividades VPL de Moodle. Modelling in Science Education and Learning. 16(2):43-50. https://doi.org/10.4995/msel.2023.192564350162Amaya Berssanette, J. H., y De Francisco, A. C. (2021). Active learning in the context of the teaching/learning of computer programming: A systematic review. Journal of Information Technology Education: Research, 20. https://doi.org/10.28945/4767Cardoso, M., Vieira, A., y Rocha, A. (2018). Integration of virtual programming lab in a process of teaching programming EduScrum based. En Iberian Conference on Information Systems and Technologies, CISTI. https://doi.org/10.23919/CISTI.2018.8399261Cheah, C. S. (2020). Factors contributing to the difficulties in teaching and learning of computer programming: A literature review. Contemporary Educational Technology, 12. https://doi.org/10.30935/cedtech/8247Rodríguez del Pino, J. C., Rubio Royo, E., y Hernández Figueroa, Z. (2010). VPL: laboratorio virtual de programación para Moodle.En XVI Jornadas de Enseñanza Universitaria de la Informática. https://upcommons.upc.edu/bitstream/handle/2099/11840/r51.pdfRodríguez del Pino, J. C., Rubio Royo, E., y Hernández Figueroa, Z. (2012). A virtual programming lab for Moodle with automatic assessment and anti-plagiarism features. En The Internacional Conference on e-Learning, e-Business, Entreprise Information Systems, & e-Government. http://worldcomp-proceedings.com/proc/p2012/EEE3753.pd

Intake and dietary food sources of fibre in Spain: differences with regard to the prevalence of excess body weight and abdominal obesity in adults of the ANIBES study

The aim was to study the intake and food sources of fibre in a representative sample of Spanish adults and to analyse its association with excess body weight and abdominal obesity. A sample of 1655 adults (18-64 years) from the ANIBES ("Anthropometric data, macronutrients and micronutrients intake, practice of physical activity, socioeconomic data and lifestyles") cross-sectional study was analysed. Fibre intake and dietary food sources were determined by using a three-day dietary record. Misreporters were identified using the protocol of the European Food Safety Authority. Mean (standard deviation) fibre intake was 12.59 (5.66) g/day in the whole sample and 15.88 (6.29) g/day in the plausible reporters. Mean fibre intake, both in the whole sample and the plausible reporters, was below the adequate intake established by European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and the Institute of Medicine of the United States (IOM). Main fibre dietary food sources were grains, followed by vegetables, fruits, and pulses. In the whole sample, considering sex, and after adjusting for age and physical activity, mean (standard error) fibre intake (adjusted by energy intake) was higher in subjects who had normal weight (NW) 13.40 (0.184) g/day, without abdominal obesity 13.56 (0.192) g/day or without excess body weight and/or abdominal obesity 13.56 (0.207) g/day compared to those who were overweight (OW) 12.31 (0.195) g/day, p < 0.001 or obese (OB) 11.83 (0.266) g/day, p < 0.001, with abdominal obesity 12.09 (0.157) g/day, p < 0.001 or with excess body weight and/or abdominal obesity 12.22 (0.148) g/day, p < 0.001. There were no significant differences in relation with the fibre intake according to the body mass index (BMI), presence or absence of abdominal obesity or excess body weight and/or abdominal obesity in the plausible reporters. Fibre from afternoon snacks was higher in subjects with NW (6.92%) and without abdominal obesity (6.97%) or without excess body weight and/or abdominal obesity (7.20%), than those with OW (5.30%), p < 0.05 or OB (4.79%), p < 0.05, with abdominal obesity (5.18%), p < 0.01, or with excess body weight and/or abdominal obesity (5.21%), p < 0.01, in the whole sample. Conversely, these differences were not observed in the plausible reporters. The present study demonstrates an insufficient fibre intake both in the whole sample and in the plausible reporters and confirms its association with excess body weight and abdominal obesity only when the whole sample was considered

Stratification of radiosensitive brain metastases based on an actionable S100A9/RAGE resistance mechanism

© The Author(s) 2022. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.Whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) is the treatment backbone for many patients with brain metastasis; however, its efficacy in preventing disease progression and the associated toxicity have questioned the clinical impact of this approach and emphasized the need for alternative treatments. Given the limited therapeutic options available for these patients and the poor understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the resistance of metastatic lesions to WBRT, we sought to uncover actionable targets and biomarkers that could help to refine patient selection. Through an unbiased analysis of experimental in vivo models of brain metastasis resistant to WBRT, we identified activation of the S100A9-RAGE-NF-κB-JunB pathway in brain metastases as a potential mediator of resistance in this organ. Targeting this pathway genetically or pharmacologically was sufficient to revert the WBRT resistance and increase therapeutic benefits in vivo at lower doses of radiation. In patients with primary melanoma, lung or breast adenocarcinoma developing brain metastasis, endogenous S100A9 levels in brain lesions correlated with clinical response to WBRT and underscored the potential of S100A9 levels in the blood as a noninvasive biomarker. Collectively, we provide a molecular framework to personalize WBRT and improve its efficacy through combination with a radiosensitizer that balances therapeutic benefit and toxicity.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Trends in the epidemiology of catheter-related bloodstream infections; towards a paradigm shift, Spain, 2007 to 2019

Altres ajuts: Departament de Salut. Generalitat de Catalunya ("Pla estratègic de recerca i innovació en salut (PERIS) 2019-2021"); Ministerio de Asuntos Económicos y Transformación Digital; Red Española de Investigación en Patología Infecciosa (REIPI).Background: Catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSI) are frequent healthcare-associated infections and an important cause of death. Aim: To analyse changes in CRBSI epidemiology observed by the Infection Control Catalan Programme (VINCat). Methods: A cohort study including all hospital-acquired CRBSI episodes diagnosed at 55 hospitals (2007-2019) in Catalonia, Spain, was prospectively conducted. CRBSI incidence rates were adjusted per 1,000patientdays. To assess the CRBSI rate trend per year, negative binomial models were used, with the number of events as the dependent variable, and the year as the main independent variable. From each model, the annual rate of CRBSI diagnosed per 1,000patientdays and the incidence rate ratio (IRR) with its 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported. Results: During the study, 9,290 CRBSI episodes were diagnosed (mean annual incidence rate:0.20episodes/1,000patientdays). Patients' median age was 64.1years; 36.6% (3,403/9,290) were female. In total, 73.7% (n=6,845) of CRBSI occurred in non-intensive care unit (ICU) wards, 62.7% (n=5,822) were related to central venous catheter (CVC), 24.1% (n=2,236) to peripheral venous catheters (PVC) and 13.3% (n=1,232) to peripherally-inserted central venous catheters (PICVC). Incidence rate fell over the study period (IRR:0.94;95%CI:0.93-0.96), especially in the ICU (IRR:0.88;95%CI:0.87-0.89). As a whole, while episodes of CVC CRBSI fell significantly (IRR:0.88;95%CI:0.87-0.91), peripherally-inserted catheter CRBSI (PVC and PICVC) rose, especially in medical wards (IRR PICVC:1.08;95%CI:1.05-1.11; IRR PVC: 1.03; 95% 1.00-1.05). Conclusions: Over the study, CRBSIs associated with CVC and diagnosed in ICUs decreased while episodes in conventional wards involving peripherally-inserted catheters increased. Hospitals should implement preventive measures in conventional wards

Identification of genetic variants associated with Huntington's disease progression: a genome-wide association study

Background Huntington's disease is caused by a CAG repeat expansion in the huntingtin gene, HTT. Age at onset has been used as a quantitative phenotype in genetic analysis looking for Huntington's disease modifiers, but is hard to define and not always available. Therefore, we aimed to generate a novel measure of disease progression and to identify genetic markers associated with this progression measure. Methods We generated a progression score on the basis of principal component analysis of prospectively acquired longitudinal changes in motor, cognitive, and imaging measures in the 218 indivduals in the TRACK-HD cohort of Huntington's disease gene mutation carriers (data collected 2008–11). We generated a parallel progression score using data from 1773 previously genotyped participants from the European Huntington's Disease Network REGISTRY study of Huntington's disease mutation carriers (data collected 2003–13). We did a genome-wide association analyses in terms of progression for 216 TRACK-HD participants and 1773 REGISTRY participants, then a meta-analysis of these results was undertaken. Findings Longitudinal motor, cognitive, and imaging scores were correlated with each other in TRACK-HD participants, justifying use of a single, cross-domain measure of disease progression in both studies. The TRACK-HD and REGISTRY progression measures were correlated with each other (r=0·674), and with age at onset (TRACK-HD, r=0·315; REGISTRY, r=0·234). The meta-analysis of progression in TRACK-HD and REGISTRY gave a genome-wide significant signal (p=1·12 × 10−10) on chromosome 5 spanning three genes: MSH3, DHFR, and MTRNR2L2. The genes in this locus were associated with progression in TRACK-HD (MSH3 p=2·94 × 10−8 DHFR p=8·37 × 10−7 MTRNR2L2 p=2·15 × 10−9) and to a lesser extent in REGISTRY (MSH3 p=9·36 × 10−4 DHFR p=8·45 × 10−4 MTRNR2L2 p=1·20 × 10−3). The lead single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in TRACK-HD (rs557874766) was genome-wide significant in the meta-analysis (p=1·58 × 10−8), and encodes an aminoacid change (Pro67Ala) in MSH3. In TRACK-HD, each copy of the minor allele at this SNP was associated with a 0·4 units per year (95% CI 0·16–0·66) reduction in the rate of change of the Unified Huntington's Disease Rating Scale (UHDRS) Total Motor Score, and a reduction of 0·12 units per year (95% CI 0·06–0·18) in the rate of change of UHDRS Total Functional Capacity score. These associations remained significant after adjusting for age of onset. Interpretation The multidomain progression measure in TRACK-HD was associated with a functional variant that was genome-wide significant in our meta-analysis. The association in only 216 participants implies that the progression measure is a sensitive reflection of disease burden, that the effect size at this locus is large, or both. Knockout of Msh3 reduces somatic expansion in Huntington's disease mouse models, suggesting this mechanism as an area for future therapeutic investigation

SINAI at Affect Task in MediaEval 2010 *

ABSTRACT In this paper, a basic approach to establish the boredom score of several videos using their speech transcriptions is presented. We carried out an analysis of the development data provided trying to establish a correlation between the terms of the transcriptions and their boredom scores predicted for each video. For the development data, we analyzed different weighting schemes such as TF, TF·IDF, binary or correlation weights, due to the small size of the texts involved. We also studied how the use of stopper and stemmer influences the system. Finally, we concluded that apply stopper and stemmer is interesting in this task and TF and correlation weights obtained the best results. Therefore, two experiments were run, using TF and correlation weights as weighting schemes, always preprocessing the transcriptions of the videos. The experiment that used correlation weights obtained the best result for the test videos provided using the Kendall tau distance as evaluation metric