Dissipative Dynamics of Highly Anisotropic Systems

In this paper we present a method to improve the description of 0+1 dimensional boost invariant dissipative dynamics in the presence of large momentum-space anisotropies. We do this by reorganizing the canonical hydrodynamic expansion of the distribution function around a momentum-space anisotropic ansatz rather than an isotropic equilibrium one. At leading order the result obtained is two coupled ordinary differential equations for the momentum-space anisotropy and typical momentum of the degrees of freedom. We show that this framework can reproduce both the ideal hydrodynamic and free streaming limits. Additionally, we demonstrate that when linearized the differential equations reduce to 2nd order Israel-Stewart viscous hydrodynamics. Finally, we make quantitative comparisons of the evolution of the pressure anisotropy within our approach and 2nd order viscous hydrodynamics in both the strong and weak coupling limits.Comment: 17 pages, 5 figures; Published versio

Periodicities in the coronal rotation and sunspot numbers

The present study is an attempt to investigate the long term variations in coronal rotation by analyzing the time series of the solar radio emission data at 2.8 GHz frequency for the period 1947 - 2009. Here, daily adjusted radio flux (known as Penticton flux) data are used. The autocorrelation analysis shows that the rotation period varies between 19.0 to 29.5 sidereal days (mean sidereal rotation period is 24.3 days). This variation in the coronal rotation period shows evidence of two components in the variation; (1) 22-years component which may be related to the solar magnetic field reversal cycle or Hale's cycle, and (3) a component which is irregular in nature, but dominates over the other components. The crosscorrelation analysis between the annual average sunspots number and the coronal rotation period also shows evidence of its correlation with the 22-years Hale's cycle. The 22-years component is found to be almost in phase with the corresponding periodicities in the variation of the sunspots number.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figures, Accepted for publication in MNRA

Comparison of in-hospital and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest of trauma patients in Qatar

Background Cardiac arrests in admitted hospital patients with trauma have not been described in the literature. We defined "in-hospital cardiac arrest of a trauma" (IHCAT) patient as "cessation of circulatory activity in a trauma patient confirmed by the absence of signs of circulation or abnormal cardiac arrest rhythm inside a hospital setting, which was not cardiac re-arrest." This study aimed to compare epidemiology, clinical presentation, and outcomes between in- and out-of-hospital arrest resuscitations in trauma patients in Qatar. It was conducted as a retrospective cohort study including IHCAT and out-of-hospital trauma cardiac arrest (OHTCA) patients from January 2010 to December 2015 utilizing data from the national trauma registry, the out-of-hospital cardiac arrest registry, and the national ambulance service database. Results There were 716 traumatic cardiac arrest patients in Qatar from 2010 to 2015. A total of 410 OHTCA and 199 IHCAT patients were included for analysis. The mean annual crude incidence of IHCAT was 2.0 per 100,000 population compared to 4.0 per 100,000 population for OHTCA. The univariate comparative analysis between IHCAT and OHTCA patients showed a significant difference between ethnicities (p=0.04). With the exception of head injury, IHCAT had a significantly higher proportion of localization of injuries to anatomical regions compared to OHTCA; spinal injury (OR 3.5, 95% CI 1.5-8.3, pPeer reviewe

Shape Selectivity by Guest- Driven Restructuring of a Porous Material

A flexible metal-organic framework selectively sorbs para- (pX) over meta-xylene (mX) by synergic restructuring around pX coupled with generation of unused void space upon mX loading. The nature of the structural change suggests more generally that flexible structures which are initially mismatched in terms of fit and capacity to the preferred guest are strong candidates for effective molecular separations

Field Effect Transistors for Terahertz Detection: Physics and First Imaging Applications

Resonant frequencies of the two-dimensional plasma in FETs increase with the reduction of the channel dimensions and can reach the THz range for sub-micron gate lengths. Nonlinear properties of the electron plasma in the transistor channel can be used for the detection and mixing of THz frequencies. At cryogenic temperatures resonant and gate voltage tunable detection related to plasma waves resonances, is observed. At room temperature, when plasma oscillations are overdamped, the FET can operate as an efficient broadband THz detector. We present the main theoretical and experimental results on THz detection by FETs in the context of their possible application for THz imaging.Comment: 22 pages, 12 figures, review pape

Workplace-Related Traumatic Injuries: Insights from a Rapidly Developing Middle Eastern Country

Traumatic workplace-related injuries (WRIs) carry a substantial negative impact on the public health worldwide. We aimed to study the incidence and outcomes of WRIs in Qatar. We conducted occupational injury surveillance for all WRI patients between 2010 and 2012. A total of 5152 patients were admitted to the level 1 trauma unit in Qatar, of which 1496 (29%) sustained WRI with a mean age of 34.3±10.3. Fall from height (FFH) (51%) followed by being struck by heavy objects (FHO) (18%) and motor vehicle crashes (MVC) (17%) was the commonest mechanism of injury (MOI). WRI patients were mainly laborers involved in industrial work (43%), transportation (18%), installation/repair (12%), carpentry (9%), and housekeeping (3%). Use of protective device was not observed in 64% of cases. The mean ISS was 11.7±8.9, median ICU stay was 3 days (1–64), and total hospital stay was 6 days (1–192). The overall case fatality was 3.7%. Although the incidence of WRI in Qatar is quite substantial, its mortality rate is relatively low in comparison to other countries of similar socioeconomic status. Prolonged hospital stay and treatment exert a significant socioeconomic burden on the nation’s and families’ resources. Focused and efficient injury prevention strategies are mandatory to prevent future WRI

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation of out-of-hospital traumatic cardiac arrest in Qatar : A nationwide population-based study

Background: Traumatic cardiac arrest studies have reported improved survival rates recently, ranging from 1.7-7.5%. This population-based nationwide study aims to describe the epidemiology, interventions and outcomes, and determine predictors of survival from out-of-hospital traumatic cardiac arrest (OHTCA) in Qatar. Methods: An observational retrospective population-based study was conducted on OHTCA patients in Qatar, from January 2010 to December 2015. Traumatic cardiac arrest was redefined to include out-of-hospital traumatic cardiac arrest (OHTCA) and in-hospital traumatic cardiac arrest (IHTCA). Results: A total of 410 OHTCA patients were included in the 6-year study period. The mean annual crude incidence rate of OHTCA was 4.0 per 100,000 population, in Qatar. OHTCA mostly occurred in males with a median age of 33. There was a preponderance of blunt injuries (94.3%) and head injuries (66.3%). Overall, the survival rate was 2.4%. Shockable rhythm, prehospital external hemorrhage control, in-hospital blood transfusion, and surgery were associated with higher odds of survival. Adrenaline (Epinephrine) lowered the odds of survival. Conclusion: The incidence of OHTCA was less than expected, with a low rate of survival. Thoracotomy was not associated with improved survival while Adrenaline administration lowered survival in OHTCA patients with majority blunt injuries. Interventions to enable early prehospital control of hemorrhage, blood transfusion, thoracostomy and surgery improved survival. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Peer reviewe

Calidad en las municipalidades del Perú

El desarrollo de esta investigación tiene como objetivo identificar el nivel de cumplimiento de los factores de la Gestión de la Calidad Total (GCT) en las municipalidades provinciales y distritales del Perú. Para lograr esto se diseñó un estudio de alcance descriptivo y enfoque cuantitativo, con el cual se mide a la calidad a través de los siguientes nueve factores, propuestos por Benzaquen (2013): (a) alta gerencia, (b) planeamiento de la calidad, (c) auditoría y evaluación de la calidad, (d) diseño del producto, (e) gestión de la calidad del proveedor, (f) control y mejoramiento del proceso, (g) educación y entrenamiento, (h) círculos de calidad y (i) enfoque hacia la satisfacción del cliente. A partir de una población de 1,838 municipalidades que hay en el Perú, integrada por 195 provinciales y 1,643 distritales se seleccionó una muestra probabilística y aleatoria, con un grado de error estadístico del 10%. En estas instituciones se encuestó a una persona que tuviese conocimiento sobre la gestión de la calidad dentro de la organización, que en la mayoría de los casos fue el responsable de imagen institucional, el gerente administrativo o el gerente municipal. Los datos fueron recopilados utilizando el instrumento Gestión de la Calidad Total y analizados con el software estadístico SPSS versión 22. La información recopilada permite concluir que el cumplimiento de los factores de la calidad es bajo, con valores que oscilan entre una media de 3.39 para el factor Círculos de Calidad y 3.83 para el factor Alta Gerencia, en una escala del Likert del 1.0 al 5.0. Los resultados evidencian que el nivel de calidad difiere entre las distintas municipalidades, encontrándose como favorable la búsqueda del éxito de la municipalidad a largo plazo lo cual debe continuarse, pero lo que predomina es que no se brinda educación ni entrenamiento al personal en aspectos específicos a la calidad, no se hace una planificación para el diseño de los productos o servicios y tampoco se utiliza la herramienta del benchmarking, entre otros aspectos.This research is aimed to identify the level of compliance of the Total Quality Management (TQM) factors in the provincial and district municipalities of Peru. The study was designed with a quantitative and descriptive scope, focusing on measure quality through the following nine factors, which were proposed by Benzaquen (2013): (a) senior management, (b) quality planning (c) audit and quality assessment, (d) product design, (e) suppliers quality management, (f) process control and improvement, (g) education and training, (h) quality circles and (i) focus on customer satisfaction. There is a population of 1,838 municipalities in Peru, from which a probabilistic and random sample was selected, with a statistical error of 10%. In these institutions, researches addressed the questions to the person responsible for corporate image, to administrative manager or municipal manager. Data was collected using a questionnaire known as Total Quality Management, and then analyzed with statistical software SPSS version 22. The information collected allows to conclude that compliance with the factors of the quality is low, with values ranging from an average of 3.39 for the factor of quality circles and 3.83 for senior management factor, on a scale of the Likert from 1.0 to 5.0. The results shows that the level of quality differs between the different municipalities, finding how favorable the success of the municipalities in the long term is which should be continued, but what prevails is that municipalities do not provide education or training to staff in specific aspects of quality, there is not planning in the design of the products or services and they don’t use the benchmarking tool, among other aspects.Tesi

Accounting for intimate partner violence perpetration. A cross-cultural comparison of English and Brazilian male substance users' explanations

Introduction and Aims: This paper describes how substance use features in the accounts of intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetrators in treatment in England and Brazil. The aim of the research was to better understand cross cultural constructions of IPV perpetration amongst men in treatment for substance use. Design and Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 40 men in community substance use treatment in Sao Paolo, Brazil and London and the South East of England who had reported IPV perpetration in a questionnaire survey. A thematic, narrative analysis was carried out of men's explanations for IPV perpetration. Findings: Three types of narratives were distinguished: (i) disputes, centred on substance use, that escalate to IPV perpetration; (ii) IPV perpetration that is explained by uncharacteristic loss of control, as a result of intoxication; and (iii) IPV perpetration provoked by a perceived betrayal, in which substance use is incidental. In all types of accounts hegemonic principles of male and female roles and behaviour provided a context for and make IPV perpetration explicable. Discussion and Conclusions: Substance use and IPV are culturally constructed and contextually defined. Understanding the meaning-making of substance using IPV perpetrators has implications for the treatment of both substance abuse and IPV