Modelling Seasonal Brucellosis Epidemics in Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture of Xinjiang, China, 2010–2014

Brucellosis is one of the severe public health problems; the cumulative number of new human brucellosis cases reached 211515 from 2010 to 2014 in China. Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture is situated in the southeast of Xinjiang, where brucellosis infection occurs every year. Based on the reported data of newly acute human brucellosis cases for each season in Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture, we proposed a susceptible, exposed, infected, and vaccinated (SEIV) model with periodic transmission rates to investigate the seasonal brucellosis transmission dynamics among sheep/cattle and from sheep/cattle to humans. Compared with the criteria of MAPE and RMSPE, the model simulations agree to the data on newly acute human brucellosis. We predict that the number of newly acute human brucellosis is increasing and will peak 15325 [95% CI: 11920–18242] around the summer of 2023. We also estimate the basic reproduction number R0=2.5524 [95% CI: 2.5129–2.6225] and perform some sensitivity analysis of the newly acute human brucellosis cases and the basic reproduction number R0 in terms of model parameters. Our study demonstrates that reducing the birth number of sheep/cattle, raising the slaughter rate of infected sheep/cattle, increasing the vaccination rate of susceptible sheep/cattle, and decreasing the loss rate of vaccination are effective strategies to control brucellosis epidemic

Multi-stage coordination optimisation control in hybrid AC/DC distribution network with high-penetration renewables based on SOP and VSC

Power electronic devices such as soft open point (SOP) and voltage source converter (VSC) begin to be applied to distribution networks, which are developed into hybrid AC/DC distribution networks. Both power electronic equipment and conventional control devices, such as tie switches, coexist in a hybrid AC/DC distribution network, and the coordination optimisation of these control devices can eliminate the risks caused by high-penetration renewable energy generation (REG) integration. Here, the structure of the hybrid AC/DC distribution networks with SOP and VSC is analysed. A multi-stage coordination control method is proposed, including day-ahead stage, inner-day stage, and real-time stage. In the day-ahead stage, a sequential coordination optimisation model considering network reconfiguration by switches is established; in the inner-day stage, a loop-locked rolling optimisation control model based on model predictive control is built, to reduce the influence of the REG randomness output; in the real-time stage, voltage deviations are minimised in risk scenarios by regulating powers of SOP and VSC. Mixed-integer second-order cone programming algorithm is adopted to realise the coordination optimisation of SOP, VSC, and tie switch. The results show that the proposed method can increase REG penetrations and improve voltage quality and economic benefit of the hybrid AC/DC distribution network

CEPC Conceptual Design Report: Volume 2 - Physics & Detector

The Circular Electron Positron Collider (CEPC) is a large international scientific facility proposed by the Chinese particle physics community to explore the Higgs boson and provide critical tests of the underlying fundamental physics principles of the Standard Model that might reveal new physics. The CEPC, to be hosted in China in a circular underground tunnel of approximately 100 km in circumference, is designed to operate as a Higgs factory producing electron-positron collisions with a center-of-mass energy of 240 GeV. The collider will also operate at around 91.2 GeV, as a Z factory, and at the WW production threshold (around 160 GeV). The CEPC will produce close to one trillion Z bosons, 100 million W bosons and over one million Higgs bosons. The vast amount of bottom quarks, charm quarks and tau-leptons produced in the decays of the Z bosons also makes the CEPC an effective B-factory and tau-charm factory. The CEPC will have two interaction points where two large detectors will be located. This document is the second volume of the CEPC Conceptual Design Report (CDR). It presents the physics case for the CEPC, describes conceptual designs of possible detectors and their technological options, highlights the expected detector and physics performance, and discusses future plans for detector R&D and physics investigations. The final CEPC detectors will be proposed and built by international collaborations but they are likely to be composed of the detector technologies included in the conceptual designs described in this document. A separate volume, Volume I, recently released, describes the design of the CEPC accelerator complex, its associated civil engineering, and strategic alternative scenarios