Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

O nefrologista como consultor ante a intoxicação aguda: epidemiologia das intoxicações graves no Rio Grande do Sul e métodos de aumento da depuração renal

Intoxicações acidentais e intencionais constituem- se em fonte significativa de morbimortalidade. Em emergências ou UTIs, frequentemente o Nefrologista é chamado como consultor para auxiliar na indicação de medidas de aumento da depuração renal de agentes tóxicos. Revisamos o emprego de diálise nas intoxicações agudas por medicamentos ou pesticidas, cujo suporte especializado toxicológico foi realizado por telefone pelo Centro de Informação Toxicológica do Rio Grande do Sul (CIT-RS). Avaliamos a correlação entre necessidade de diálise e óbitos em coorte retrospectivo (1998- 2000). Dos 36.055 atendimentos, 337 foram identificados como graves, 245 preenchendo os critérios de inclusão exigidos. A idade média foi 30 ± 18 anos; 53% mulheres. Medicamentos frequentemente envolvidos foram anticonvulsivantes e antidepressivos, entre outros; quanto aos pesticidas, organofosforados, bipiridílicos e glifosato. Métodos de aumento da eliminação incluíram alcalinização urinária (n = 37) e métodos dialíticos. Diálise entre intoxicações severas ocorreu em 4,5% (n = 11), 3,67 procedimentos/ano (1/22,7 relatos de casos severos). No grupo que dialisou, em 91%, a circunstância foi tentativa de suicídio (principalmente fenobarbital e paraquat). Dois casos requereram hemoperfusão (cloranfenicol e paraquat). Óbitos entre pacientes graves não submetidos a diálise ocorreram em 25,6%, versus 36,3% entre dialisados (RR = 0,89; IC 95% = 0,54-1,35). Os achados podem ser explicados pelo poder estatístico associado ao número de procedimentos realizados. O Nefrologista deve estar atento para situações que requerem o emprego de medidas dialíticas, ainda que não necessariamente para substituição renal, mas para aumento da depuração do agente tóxico