Retinal chromophore charge delocalization and confinement explain the extreme photophysics of Neorhodopsin

The understanding of how the rhodopsin sequence can be modified to exactly modulate the spectroscopic properties of its retinal chromophore, is a prerequisite for the rational design of more effective optogenetic tools. One key problem is that of establishing the rules to be satisfied for achieving highly fluorescent rhodopsins with a near infrared absorption. In the present paper we use multi-configurational quantum chemistry to construct a computer model of a recently discovered natural rhodopsin, Neorhodopsin, displaying exactly such properties. We show that the model, that successfully replicates the relevant experimental observables, unveils a geometrical and electronic structure of the chromophore featuring a highly diffuse charge distribution along its conjugated chain. The same model reveals that a charge confinement process occurring along the chromophore excited state isomerization coordinate, is the primary cause of the observed fluorescence enhancement

Prevalencia de caries severa temprana de la infancia en pacientes que acuden a la clínica de la especialidad en Odontopediatría UAEM de Febrero 2006-Mayo del 2012

1571 expedientes fueron analizados, 1335 correspondieron a niños con CSTI. La prevalencia de caries fue de 85%, 699 (52.4%) del sexo masculino y 636 (47.6%) del sexo femenino. El grupo de edad más afectado por CTIS fue el de 37 a 48 meses en ambos géneros.Los niños más pequeños son los más susceptibles a padecer caries, debido a que presentan un esmalte poco mineralizado, dependen de los alimentos que les proporcionan sus padres y además la falta de información sobre la práctica de higiene oral en casa a edades tan tempranas

Use of muscle ultrasonography in morphofunctional assessment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)

Producción CientíficaAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive disease with a high prevalence of malnutrition that can influence prognosis. The main objective of this study is to compare the validity of muscle ultrasonography in the diagnosis of malnutrition and the prognosis of patients with ALS. Methods: This is a prospective observational study that analyzes the nutritional status of patients at the beginning of nutritional monitoring. The morphofunctional assessment included the examination of anthropometric variables such as weight, height, body mass index (BMI), arm circumference, and calf circumference. Additionally, electrical bioimpedanciometry (BIA) was used to measure electrical parameters and estimate other relevant metrics. Muscle ultrasonography® (quadriceps rectus femoris (QRF)) assessed muscle mass parameters, including muscle area index (MARAI), anteroposterior diameter of the QRF (Y-axis) (cm), transverse diameter of the QRF (X-axis) (cm), and the sum of the quadriceps thickness (RF+VI) (cm), as well as muscle quality parameters such as echogenicity and the Y–X index. Results: A total of 37 patients diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) were included in this study. Of these patients, 51.4% were men. The mean age was 64.27 (12.59) years. A total of 54.1% of the patients had a bulbar onset of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and 45.9% had spinal onset. The percentage of subjects with malnutrition diagnosed by the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria was 45.9% of patients. There was a direct correlation between muscle mass parameters assessed by muscle ultrasonography (RF+VI) and active mass markers measured by bioimpedanciometry (body cellular mass index (BCMI) (r = 0.62; p < 0.01), fat-free mass index (FFMI) (r = 0.75; p < 0.01), and appendicular skeletal mass index (ASMI) (r = 0.69; p < 0.01)). There was a direct correlation between echogenicity and resistance (r = 0.44; p = 0.02), as well as between the fat-free mass index and the Y–X index (r = 0.36; p = 0.14). Additionally, there was a negative correlation between echogenicity and BCMI (r = −0.46; p < 0.01) and ASMI (r = 0.34; p = 0.06). Patients with low quadriceps thickness (male < 2.49 cm; female < 1.84 cm) showed an increased risk of hospital admission adjusted by age, sex, and presence of dysphagia (OR: 7.84 (CI 95%: 1.09–56.07); p-value = 0.04), and patients with low-quality mass (Y–X index < 0.35) had a higher risk of hospital admission adjusted by age, sex, and presence of dysphagia (OR: 19.83 (CI 95%: 1.77–222.46); p-value = 0.02). Conclusions: In patients with ALS, ultrasonography echogenicity was inversely related to BCMI, FFMI, and ASMI, and the Y–X index was directly related to FFMI. The lowest quartiles of quadriceps thickness and Y–X index are risk factors for hospital admission

La imagen y la narrativa como herramientas para el abordaje psicosocial en escenarios de violencia. Departamentos de Santander y Norte de Santander

Este documento tiene como propósito analizar los escenarios de violencia en Colombia, haciendo preciso ahondar los sucesos psicosociales a partir de un enfoque narrativo, por medio de las narraciones las víctimas se permiten exteriorizar sus vivencias como actor del conflicto armado en los diferentes departamentos de nuestro país, como futuros psicólogos se ahondará en la proposición de recursos para contrarrestar los daños psicosociales. A lo largo de las narrativas(relatos), se pueden reconocen las diversas afectaciones psicosociales que alteran las condiciones de una salud integral, en ellas se dan miras al tiempo-espacio que mantuvieron sumergidos las víctimas antes, las situaciones de violencia y los recursos que tomaron para su proceso resiliente. Seguidamente, se estudian dos relatos: el primer relato es del Señor Modesto Pacayá un indígena de cultura Ticuna, que se decidió desmovilizarse de las FARC. En su historia se ve el sometimiento al que vivía en el grupo armado, la forma en la que tenía que arriesgar su vida y el deseo latente que permanecía en la memoria del narrador por reconstruir su vida familiar. El segundo relato de abordaje corresponde a la comunidad de Peñas Coloradas, del cual damos respuestas a los impactos originados a nivel psicosocial posteriores a los hechos victimizantes, y se mencionan las consecuencias de ser una población estigmatizada, facilitando algunas g acciones para el abordaje en crisis. Adjunto a estas acciones, se formulan estrategias psicosociales, diseñadas para el abordaje subjetivo e intersubjetivo de la población. Finalmente, se resumirá la experiencia foto voz de dos departamentos del país.The purpose of this document is to analyze the scenarios of violence in Colombia, making it necessary to delve into the psychosocial events from a narrative approach, through the narratives the victims allow themselves to externalize their experiences as an actor in the armed conflict in the different departments of our country. , as future psychologists will delve into the proposal of resources to counteract psychosocial damage. Throughout the narratives (stories), the various psychosocial affectations that alter the conditions of comprehensive health can be recognized, in them they give sights to the time-space that the victims kept submerged before, the situations of violence and the resources that they took for their resilient process. Next, two stories are studied: the first story is from Mr. Modesto Pacayá, an indigenous man of Ticuna culture, who decided to demobilize from the FARC. In his story, one sees the submission to which he lived in the armed group, the way in which he had to risk his life and the latent desire that remained in the narrator's memory to rebuild his family life. The second approach report corresponds to the community of Peñas Coloradas, from which we give answers to the impacts originated at the psychosocial level after the victimizing events, and the consequences of being a stigmatized population are mentioned, facilitating some possible actions for approaching in crisis. . Attached to these actions, psychosocial strategies are formulated, designed for the subjective and intersubjective approach of the population. Finally, the photovoice experience of two departments of the country will be summarized

The three-center two-positron bond

Computational studies have shown that one or more positrons can stabilize two repelling atomic anions through the formation of two-center positronic bonds. In the present work, we study the energetic stability of a system containing two positrons and three hydride anions, namely 2e+[H3-3]. To this aim, we performed a preliminary scan of the potential energy surface of the system with both electrons and positron in a spin singlet state, with a multi-component MP2 method, that was further refined with variational and diffusion Monte Carlo calculations, and confirmed an equilibrium geometry with D3h symmetry. The local stability of 2e+[H3-3] is demonstrated by analyzing the vertical detachment and adiabatic energy dissociation channels. Bonding properties of the positronic compound, such as the equilibrium interatomic distances, force constants, dissociation energies, and bonding densities are compared with those of the purely electronic H+3 and Li+3 systems. Through this analysis, we find compelling similarities between the 2e+[H3-3] compound and the trilithium cation. Our results strongly point out the formation of a non-electronic three-center two-positron bond, analogous to the well-known three-center two-electron counterparts, which is fundamentally distinct from the two-center two-positron bond [D. Bressanini, J. Chem. Phys.155, 054306 (2021)], thus extending the concept of positron bonded molecules

Propuesta de un plan de mejora y plan de trazabilidad para La Panificadora Gabriel.

Este trabajo plantea un plan de mejora y un plan de trazabilidad a proponer para La Panificadora Gabriel, quien ha presentado una serie de no conformidades originadas de una visita de inspección realizada por el Ente de control y vigilancia, dicha visita se originó a partir de la generación de un Brote por E. Coli presente en el pastel moka entregado a una empresa manufacturera.This work proposes an improvement plan and a traceability plan to be proposed for La Panificadora Gabriel, who has presented a series of non-conformities originated from an inspection visit carried out by the Control and Surveillance Entity. This visit originated from the generation of an outbreak by E. Coli present in the moka cake delivered to a manufacturing company

Dynamics of vegetation in the Sierra de Gredos (Spanish Central System) during the late Holocene

Se presentan los datos polínicos procedentes de tres secuencias (CH, PD y CbN), localizadas en la Sierra de Gredos (Sistema Central Español), que registran la evolución de la vegetación a partir de los 7000 BP. Los hechos más destacables se resumen en el dominio del pinar, y en el cambio en la composición del bosque local; así, los bosques de Betula y Corylus, desarrollados hasta el 3000 BP son sustituidos por los de Quercus caducifolio y perennifolio. En este momento y solo en la secuencia CH, se detectan presencias de Cedrus y en menor medida de Fagus. A partir de los aproximadamente 1000 BP, tiene lugar una caída importante de los taxones arbóreos, fundamentalmente de Pinus asociado a la expansión de Ericaceae y Poaceae, como respuesta a un aumento tanto de la temperatura como de las actividades antrópicas.Pollen data from three sequences (CH, PD and CbN) in the Gredos Range (Spanish Central System) have been presented. These data record the evolution of vegetation from the 7000 BP (Holocene). The most important results are summarized in the domain of the pine forest and the change in the local forest composition. Then, the forests of Betula and Corylus, developed until 3000 BP, are replaced by deciduous and evergreen Quercus. At this time and only in the sequence CH, presence of Cedrus and Fagus has been detected. From approximately 1000 BP, takes place an important decrease in arboreal taxa, mainly of Pinus associated with the expansion of Ericaceae and Poaceae, in response to an increase in both temperature and anthropogenic activities.Depto. de Geodinámica, Estratigrafía y PaleontologíaFac. de Ciencias GeológicasTRUEEspaña. Ministerio de Ciencia e InnovaciónCastilla-La Mancha. Junta de Comunidades. Consejería de Educaciónpu

IgE-reactivity pattern of tomato seed and peel nonspecific lipid-transfer proteins after in vitro gastrointestinal digestion

The influence of gastrointestinal digestion on the immunological properties of three different nonspecific lipid-transfer proteins (nsLTPs) described in tomato fruit has been assessed using an in vitro system mimicking the stomach and intestine digestion conditions. Tomato peel/pulp nsLTP, Sola l 3, was degraded after digestion, although the immunoglobulin E (IgE) recognition of intact protein and a 10 kDa band were still observed after 30 min of duodenal digestion in the presence of phosphatidylcholine. The tomato seed nsLTP, Sola l 7, showed a higher stability than the other seed allergen, Sola l 6, during digestion. Sola l 7 showed an IgE immunoreactive 6.5 kDa band in immunoblotting analysis, retaining up to 7% of its IgE-binding capacity in inhibition ELISA test after 60 min of duodenal digestion and keeping intact its ability to activate basophils after digestion. These results suggest that the tomato seed allergen Sola l 7 might be considered as an important allergen in the induction of allergic responses to tomato due to its high stability against gastrointestinal digestion.This work was supported by grants SAF2017-86483-R from the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad and PI13/00928 Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), ISCIII cofounded by Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional – FEDER for the Thematic Networks and Co-operative Research Centres; RIRAAF RD16/0006/0024 and ARADyAL (RD16/0006/0001; RD16/0006/0013; RD16/0006/0014); and EAACI Exchange Research Fellowship 2016. The authors would like to thank the excellent technical support of Sara Abián. S.B. was supported by a Juan de la Cierva Incorporación contract from the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades.Peer reviewe

HBM4EU-MOM: Prenatal methylmercury-exposure control in five countries through suitable dietary advice for pregnancy – Study design and characteristics of participants

Background: Seafood is a major source of vital nutrients for optimal fetal growth, but at the same time is the main source of exposure to methylmercury (MeHg), an established neurodevelopmental toxicant. Pregnant women must be provided with dietary advice so as to include safely fish in their diet for nutrition and mercury control. The aim of this work is to present the design of a multicentre randomized control trial (RCT), which combines human biomonitoring (HBM) with dietary interventions using seafood consumption advice to pregnant women for MeHg control, and to collect information about other possible sources of exposure to mercury. It also presents the materials developed for the implementation of the study and the characteristics of the study participants, which were self-reported in the first trimester of pregnancy. Methods: The "HBM4EU-MOM" RCT was performed in the frame of the European Human Biomonitoring Initiative (HBM4EU) in five coastal, high fish-consuming European countries (Cyprus, Greece, Spain, Portugal and Iceland). According to the study design, pregnant women (≥120/country, ≤20 weeks gestational age) provided a hair sample for total mercury assessment (THg) and personal information relevant to the study (e.g., lifestyle, pregnancy status, diet before and during the pregnancy, information on seafood and factors related to possible non-dietary exposures to mercury) during the first trimester of pregnancy. After sampling, participants were randomly assigned to "control" (habitual practices) or "intervention" (received the harmonized HBM4EU-MOM dietary advice for fish consumption during the pregnancy and were encouraged to follow it). Around child delivery, participants provided a second hair sample and completed another tailored questionnaire. Results: A total of 654 women aged 18-45 years were recruited in 2021 in the five countries, primarily through their health-care providers. The pre-pregnancy BMI of the participants ranged from underweight to obese, but was on average within the healthy range. For 73% of the women, the pregnancy was planned. 26% of the women were active smokers before the pregnancy and 8% continued to smoke during the pregnancy, while 33% were passive smokers before pregnancy and 23% remained passively exposed during the pregnancy. 53% of the women self-reported making dietary changes for their pregnancy, with 74% of these women reporting making the changes upon learning of their pregnancy. Of the 43% who did not change their diet for the pregnancy, 74% reported that their diet was already balanced, 6% found it difficult to make changes and 2% were unsure of what changes to make. Seafood consumption did not change significantly before and during the first trimester of pregnancy (overall average ∼8 times per month), with the highest frequency reported in Portugal (≥15 times per month), followed by Spain (≥7 times per month). During the first-trimester of pregnancy, 89% of the Portuguese women, 85% of the Spanish women and 90%) were unaware of safe procedures for handling spillage from broken thermometers and energy-saving lamps, though >22% experienced such an incident (>1 year ago). 26% of the women had dental amalgams. ∼1% had amalgams placed and ∼2% had amalgams removed during peri-pregnancy. 28% had their hair dyed in the past 3 months and 40% had body tattoos. 8% engaged with gardening involving fertilizers/pesticides and 19% with hobbies involving paints/pigments/dyes. Conclusions: The study design materials were fit for the purposes of harmonization and quality-assurance. The harmonized information collected from pregnant women suggests that it is important to raise the awareness of women of reproductive age and pregnant women about how to safely include fish in their diet and to empower them to make proper decisions for nutrition and control of MeHg, as well as other chemical exposures.We acknowledge funding for HBM4EU from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement #733032 and the national governments of the participating countries. This publication reflects only the authors’ views, and the European Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the in formation it contains.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio