19 research outputs found
Evaluating Metabolite-Based Biomarkers for Early Diagnosis of Pancreatic Cancer: A Systematic Review
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the deadliest cancers, with five-year
survival rates around 10%. The only curative option remains complete surgical resection, but due
to the delay in diagnosis, less than 20% of patients are eligible for surgery. Therefore, discovering
diagnostic biomarkers for early detection is crucial for improving clinical outcomes. Metabolomics
has become a powerful technology for biomarker discovery, and several metabolomic-based panels
have been proposed for PDAC diagnosis, but these advances have not yet been translated into the
clinic. Therefore, this review focused on summarizing metabolites identified for the early diagnosis
of PDAC in the last five years. Bibliographic searches were performed in the PubMed, Scopus and
WOS databases, using the terms “Biomarkers, Tumor”, “Pancreatic Neoplasms”, “Early Diagnosis”,
“Metabolomics” and “Lipidome” (January 2018–March 2023), and resulted in the selection of fourteen
original studies that compared PDAC patients with subjects with other pancreatic diseases. These
investigations showed amino acid and lipid metabolic pathways as the most commonly altered,
reflecting their potential for biomarker research. Furthermore, other relevant metabolites such as
glucose and lactate were detected in the pancreas tissue and body fluids from PDAC patients. Our
results suggest that the use of metabolomics remains a robust approach to improve the early diagnosis
of PDAC. However, these studies showed heterogeneity with respect to the metabolomics techniques
used and further studies will be needed to validate the clinical utility of these biomarkersB-TIC-414-UGR18 (Junta deAndalucía 2020) (FEDER
Preventive effects of Brassicaceae family for colon cancer prevention: A focus on in vitro studies
The emergence of adverse effects and resistance to colorectal cancer (CRC) current therapies calls for the
development of new strategies aimed at both preventing and treating. In this context, functional extracts from
Brassicaceae family contains abundant bioactive compounds directly related to a positive effect on human health
including cancer. The main objective of this systematic review is to compile all recent studies that analyzed the in
vitro antiproliferative activity of functional extracts or isolated molecules from the Brassicaceae family against
CRC. A total of 711 articles published between January 2011 and May 2021 were identified. Of them, 68 met our
inclusion criteria. Different standardized protocols using variable parts of plants of the Brassicaceae family
resulted in diverse bioactive extracts and/or compounds. Most of them were related to isothiocyanates, which
showed significant antitumor activity against CRC. These in vitro studies provide an excellent guide to direct
research on the applications of plants of the Brassicaceae family to the prevention of this type of tumor. The
extracts and molecules with demonstrated activity against CRC should be tested in vivo and in clinical trials to
determine their usefulness in the prevention of this cancer to reduce its global incidence.Spanish Government RTC2019-006870-1Junta de Andalucia P18-TP-1420Granada UniversityCELLBITEC S.L.FPU2019 grant from the Ministerio de Universidades (Spain) FPU19/06170Spanish Government DIN2018009995B04847216Andalusian Government AGR145
CTS-10
Antiproliferative, Antioxidant, Chemopreventive and Antiangiogenic Potential of Chromatographic Fractions from Anemonia sulcata with and without Its Symbiont Symbiodinium in Colorectal Cancer Therapy
Anemonia sulcata may be a source of marine natural products (MNPs) due to the antioxidant
and antitumor activity of its crude homogenates shown in vitro in colon cancer cells. A bioguided
chromatographic fractionation assay of crude Anemonia sulcata homogenates with and without its
symbiont Symbiodinium was performed to characterize their bioactive composition and further determine
their biological potential for the management of colorectal cancer (CRC). The 20% fractions
retained the in vitro antioxidant activity previously reported for homogenates. As such, activation
of antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes was also evaluated. The 40% fractions showed the greatest
antiproliferative activity in T84 cells, synergistic effects with 5-fluoruracil and oxaliplatin, overexpression
of apoptosis-related proteins, cytotoxicity on tumorspheres, and antiangiogenic activity. The
predominantly polar lipids and toxins tentatively identified in the 20% and 40% fractions could be
related to their biological activity in colon cancer cells although further characterizations of the active
fractions are necessary to isolate and purify the bioactive compounds.Junta de Andalucía (project PYC20 RE 035 UGR)Junta de Andalucía (project P20_00540 and A-CTS-666-UGR20)Instituto Salud Carlos III (project PMPTA22/00136PI19/01478) (FEDER program)AGR145 and CTS-107 (Andalusian
Government)FPU2019 (Ref. FPU19/06170) grant from the Ministerio de
Universidades (Spain
Anemonia sulcata and Its Symbiont Symbiodinium as a Source of Anti-Tumor and Anti-Oxoxidant Compounds for Colon Cancer Therapy: A Preliminary in Vitro Study
Simple Summary: Colorectal cancer is one of the most frequent types of cancer in the population.
Recently, invertebrate marine animals have been investigated for the presence of natural products
which can damage tumor cells, prevent their spread to other tissues or avoid cancer develop. We
analyzed the anemone Anemonia sulcata with and without the presence of its microalgal symbiont
(Symbiodinium) as a source of bioactive molecules for the colorectal cancer therapy and prevention.
Colon cancer tumor cells were exposed to Anemone extracts observing a remarkable cell death and
a great antioxidant capacity. These preliminary results support that Anemonia sulcata could be a
source of bioactive compounds against colorectal cancer and that the absence of its symbiont may
enhance these properties. Further studies will be necessary to define the bioactive compounds of
Anemonia sulcata and their mechanisms of action.
Abstract: Recently, invertebrate marine species have been investigated for the presence of natural
products with antitumor activity. We analyzed the invertebrate Anemonia sulcata with (W) and without
(W/O) the presence of its microalgal symbiont Symbiodinium as a source of bioactive compounds
that may be applied in the therapy and/or prevention of colorectal cancer (CRC). Animals were
mechanically homogenized and subjected to ethanolic extraction. The proximate composition and
fatty acid profile were determined. In addition, an in vitro digestion was performed to study the
potentially dialyzable fraction. The antioxidant and antitumor activity of the samples and the digestion
products were analyzed in CRC cells in vitro. Our results show a high concentration of
polyunsaturated fatty acid in the anemone and a great antioxidant capacity, which demonstrated
the ability to prevent cell death and a high antitumor activity of the crude homogenates against
CRC cells and multicellular tumor spheroids, especially W/O symbiont. These preliminary results
support that Anemonia sulcata could be a source of bioactive compounds with antioxidant and antitumor
potential against CRC and that the absence of its symbiont may enhance these properties.
Further studies will be necessary to define the bioactive compounds of Anemonia sulcata and their
mechanisms of action.International Excellence Campus of the Sea (CEI.MAR)
CEIJ-007
CEIJ-001
Complement component C4 structural variation and quantitative traits contribute to sex-biased vulnerability in systemic sclerosis
Altres ajuts: Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER), "A way of making Europe".Copy number (CN) polymorphisms of complement C4 play distinct roles in many conditions, including immune-mediated diseases. We investigated the association of C4 CN with systemic sclerosis (SSc) risk. Imputed total C4, C4A, C4B, and HERV-K CN were analyzed in 26,633 individuals and validated in an independent cohort. Our results showed that higher C4 CN confers protection to SSc, and deviations from CN parity of C4A and C4B augmented risk. The protection contributed per copy of C4A and C4B differed by sex. Stronger protection was afforded by C4A in men and by C4B in women. C4 CN correlated well with its gene expression and serum protein levels, and less C4 was detected for both in SSc patients. Conditioned analysis suggests that C4 genetics strongly contributes to the SSc association within the major histocompatibility complex locus and highlights classical alleles and amino acid variants of HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DPB1 as C4-independent signals
CIBERER : Spanish national network for research on rare diseases: A highly productive collaborative initiative
Altres ajuts: Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII); Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación.CIBER (Center for Biomedical Network Research; Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red) is a public national consortium created in 2006 under the umbrella of the Spanish National Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII). This innovative research structure comprises 11 different specific areas dedicated to the main public health priorities in the National Health System. CIBERER, the thematic area of CIBER focused on rare diseases (RDs) currently consists of 75 research groups belonging to universities, research centers, and hospitals of the entire country. CIBERER's mission is to be a center prioritizing and favoring collaboration and cooperation between biomedical and clinical research groups, with special emphasis on the aspects of genetic, molecular, biochemical, and cellular research of RDs. This research is the basis for providing new tools for the diagnosis and therapy of low-prevalence diseases, in line with the International Rare Diseases Research Consortium (IRDiRC) objectives, thus favoring translational research between the scientific environment of the laboratory and the clinical setting of health centers. In this article, we intend to review CIBERER's 15-year journey and summarize the main results obtained in terms of internationalization, scientific production, contributions toward the discovery of new therapies and novel genes associated to diseases, cooperation with patients' associations and many other topics related to RD research
Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries
Abstract
Background
Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres.
Methods
This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries.
Results
In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia.
Conclusion
This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries
Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study
Summary
Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally.
Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies
have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of
the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income
countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality.
Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to
hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis,
exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a
minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical
status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary
intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause,
in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status.
We did a complete case analysis.
Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital
diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal
malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome
countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male.
Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3).
Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income
countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups).
Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome
countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries;
p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients
combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11],
p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20
[1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention
(ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety
checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed
(ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of
parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65
[0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality.
Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome,
middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will
be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger
than 5 years by 2030
Vegetal-Derived Bioactive Compounds as Multidrug Resistance Modulators in Colorectal Cancer
Colorectal cancer is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality today. Knowledge
of its pathogenesis has made it possible to advance the development of different therapeutic strategies.
However, the appearance of drug resistance constitutes one of the main causes of treatment
failure. Bioactive compounds of vegetable origin are being studied as a new strategy to improve
antitumor treatment, due to their ability to regulate the pathways involved in the development of
carcinogenesis or processes that are decisive in its evolution, including multidrug resistance. In vitro
and in vivo studies of these substances in combination with cytotoxic drugs have shown that they
reduce resistance and increase therapeutic efficacy. The objective of this review is to summarize
the knowledge that is described in the scientific literature on the antitumor and chemo-sensitizing
capacity of vegetable-derived biomolecules such as polyphenols, flavonoids, and terpenes. These
compounds may hold a promising future in improving the treatment of colorectal cancer.P20_00540 (Proyectos I+D+i Junta de
Andalucía 2020)PYC20 RE 035 and P18-TP-1420 (Junta de Andalucía)PI19/01478 (Instituto de
Salud Carlos III, Innbio INB-009 (Granada University and ibs. GRANADA)RTC2019-006870-1
(Spanish Minsistry of Science, Innovation and Universities)FPU (2019
and 2020) grant from Ministerio de Educación, Ciencia y Deporte y Competitividad (Spain
Educación Física de calidad en el sistema educativo de la República Dominicana: Experiencia académica desde el recinto Luis Napoleón Núñez Molina
La Educación Física desempeña un elemento clave en el desarrollo integral de los estudiantes en la República Dominicana. En este contexto, el Instituto Superior de Formación Docente Salomé Ureña, Recinto Luis Napoleón Núñez Molina ha sido pionero en la promoción del Diplomado en Educación Física de Calidad en el Sistema Educativo de la República Dominicana: Experiencia Académica Desde El Recinto Luis Napoleón Núñez Molina.
Con un enfoque integral que abarca desde la enseñanza de habilidades deportivas fundamentales hasta la promoción de estilos de vida saludables, la alfabetización física y la educación inclusiva, el Recinto se ha convertido en un referente destacado en la implementación de programas innovadores y eficaces como este diplomado.
La experiencia académica en el Recinto Luis Napoleón Núñez Molina se distingue por su enfoque holístico, que se centra en la formación de estudiantes no sólo como estudiantes-atletas, sino también como individuos conscientes de la importancia de la actividad física para su bienestar general. A través de un equipo docente altamente calificado y la implementación de metodologías educativas de vanguardia, se fomenta el desarrollo de habilidades motrices, la cooperación, el trabajo en equipo, los principios y los valores, contribuyendo así a la formación de ciudadanos íntegros y comprometidos con su salud y desarrollo personal.
El Recinto Luis Napoleón Núñez Molina se enorgullece de su legado en la Educación Física y continúa esforzándose por impulsar un cambio significativo en el panorama educativo dominicano, inspirando a generaciones futuras a adoptar un estilo de vida activo y saludable. Con su compromiso inquebrantable con la excelencia educativa, el Recinto se posiciona como un modelo a seguir en la promoción de la Educación Física de Calidad en la República Dominicana.
PUBLICACIÓN EDITADA POR:UNIVERSIDAD PEDAGÓGICA EXPERIMENTAL LIBERTADORINSTITUTO PEDAGÓGICO DE BARQUISIMETO“LUIS BELTRÁN PRIETO FIGUEROA”DIRECCIÓN DEL INSTITUTOUNIDAD DE PUBLICACIONESBarquisimeto, Estado Lara, VenezuelaPrimera Edición digitalizada
©Unidad de Publicaciones UPEL; IPB© FEDUPEL, Fondo Editorial UPELBarquisimeto, 2023
CRÉDITOSEdición General: Ph.D. Elba Ávila: Jefa de la Unidad de Publicaciones de la UPEL IPBCompilador de la información: Ph.D. Miguel Israel Bennasar-García; Instituto Superior de Formación Docente Salomé Ureña, República DominicanaDiseño de Portada y Diagramación: Msc. Benito Loaiza, UPEL IPB, VenezuelaRevisión, Estructura y Estilo: Dra. Isabel Suarez & Dra. Francis González, UPEL IPB, VenezuelaApoyo Técnico: Lic. Ana Gabriela Colmenares, UPEL IPB, Venezuel